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- Neuzil, Jiri, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin E analogs : A new class of multiple action agents with anti-neoplastic and anti-atherogenic activity
- 2002
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Ingår i: Apoptosis (London). - 1360-8185 .- 1573-675X. ; 7:2, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of cancer and atherosclerosis, two most common causes of death in developed countries, has been stagnating or, even, increasing. Drugs effective against such conditions are needed and, in this regard, the potential anti-atherosclerotic activity of vitamin E analogs has been studied extensively. Surprisingly, recent results indicate that these agents may also exert anti-neoplastic effects. Here we review the evidence that particular analogs of vitamin E may act as both anti-atherogenic and anti-cancer agents, and discuss the possible molecular bases for these actions.
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- Simisiroglou, Nikolaos
(författare)
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Wind power wake modelling : Development and application of an actuator disc method for industrial utilization.
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As a wind turbine extracts energy from the wind it creates a region downstream where the wind velocity is decreased and the urbulence intensity is increased, this region is commonly called the wake region. Today’s wind farms include a large number of wind turbines position in tight layouts. These tight layouts result in increased power losses due to wakes, rendering accurate wind turbine wake modelling crucial in developing cost effective projects.The primary aim of this study is to create a method capable of conducting full-scale wind farm wake computations accurately in a time efficient manner by taking into account the computational resources and data availability of a typical industrial user. As a first step of this study, an actuator disc (ACD) method (old ACD) used within WindSim, is evaluated against power production data from the Lillgrund offshore wind. This study is followed by the development of a new ACD method. The new ACD method differs from the previous ACD method in terms of how the thrust distribution and the power production is calculated. A series of validation studies are performed on this newly introduced ACD method. These consist of validating the method against two cases with known analytical solutions, the research code EllipSys3D which uses Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based computations with an ACD approach and three differentwind tunnel set–ups. Lastly, a comparative analysis of the two ACD methods (old and new) and two analytical wake models is done using wind turbine power production data from Lillgrund.Results from the validation studies show that this new ACD method is able to predict the overall behaviour of the flow with low computational effort while also taking into account the availability of data for a typical industrial user. One may say that the new ACD method in RANS, which has much lower computational requirements than the ACD method in LES at the cost of lower accuracy, represents a good compromise. Lastly, the results from the new ACD method show a clear improvement in the estimated power production for the Lillgrund wind farm in comparison to the old ACD method.
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- Amaral, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of hypothesis- and data-driven asthma phenotypes in NHANES 2007-2012 : the importance of comprehensive data availability
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHalf of the adults with current asthma among the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants could be classified in more than one hypothesis-driven phenotype. A data-driven approach applied to the same subjects may allow a more useful classification compared to the hypothesis-driven one.AimTo compare previously defined hypothesis-driven with newly derived data-driven asthma phenotypes, identified by latent class analysis (LCA), in adults with current asthma from NHANES 2007-2012.MethodsAdults (18years) with current asthma from the NHANES were included (n=1059). LCA included variables commonly used to subdivide asthma. LCA models were derived independently according to age groups: <40 and 40years old.ResultsTwo data-driven phenotypes were identified among adults with current asthma, for both age groups. The proportions of the hypothesis-driven phenotypes were similar among the two data-driven phenotypes (p>0.05). Class A <40years (n=285; 75%) and Class A 40years (n=462; 73%), respectively, were characterized by a predominance of highly symptomatic asthma subjects with poor lung function, compared to Class B <40years (n=94; 25%) and Class B 40years (n=170; 27%). Inflammatory biomarkers, smoking status, presence of obesity and hay fever did not markedly differ between the phenotypes.ConclusionBoth data- and hypothesis-driven approaches using clinical and physiological variables commonly used to characterize asthma are suboptimal to identify asthma phenotypes among adults from the general population. Further studies based on more comprehensive disease features are required to identify asthma phenotypes in population-based studies.
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- Jacobsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming the Energy Sector : The evolution of technological systems in renewable energy technology
- 2004
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 13:5, s. 815-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the development and diffusion of technologies that utilize renewable energy sources in Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands.The analysis enlarges the life cycle model of industry evolution to one where the focus is on the formation and evolution of new technological systems. Particular focus is on explaining success and failures in shifting from a formative phase into one characterized by positive feedbacks. A set of challenges is identified for policy makers attempting to influence the process of transforming the energy sector.
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- Musa, Klefah A K, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanism of Photoinduced Decomposition of Ketoprofen
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - Washington, DC : American Chemical Society. - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 50:8, s. 1735-1743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UV-induced decarboxylation of the NSAID ketoprofen, followed by activation of molecular oxygen or formation of a decarboxylated peroxide adduct, is explored using computational quantum chemistry. The excited energy surfaces reveal that the neutral species will not decarboxylate, whereas the deprotonated acid decarboxylates spontaneously in the triplet state, and with an associated 3-5 kcal/mol barrier from several low-lying excited singlet states. The observed long lifetimes of the decarboxylated anion is explained in terms of the high stability of the triplet benzoyl ethyl species with protonated carbonylic oxygen, from which there is no obvious decay channel. Mechanisms for the generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide are discussed in detail. Addition of molecular oxygen to give the corresponding peroxyl radical capable of initiating propagating lipid peroxidation reactions is also explored. The computed data explains all features of the observed experimental observations made to date on the photodegradation of ketoprofen.
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| 8. |
- Clark, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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The Ballad Dance of the Faeroese: Island Biocultural Geography in an Age of Globalisation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Island Studies. - 9781138014596 ; 4
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boundary issues are central to globalisation – the expansion and time-space integration of human societies – and to both biological and cultural diversity. The latter are, in turn, intrinsically related in processes of coevolution that generate change in the patchwork quilt of cultural and natural landscapes. These processes are especially discernible in small island societies. This paper argues that island studies can enhance our understanding of globalisation processes and how these are involved in the displacement of boundaries and the historically unprecedented decline in both biological and cultural diversity.
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