| 1. |
- Karlsson, J A, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship of airway responsiveness to agents causing bronchoconstriction and cough in sensitized guinea-pigs
- 1992
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Ingår i: Pulmonary Pharmacology. - 0952-0600. ; 5:3, s. 191-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between airway responsiveness to bronchoconstrictor- and cough-inducing stimuli has been examined in Ascaris suum-sensitized conscious guinea-pigs. Guinea-pigs were sensitized to Ascaris suum [4000 PNU and 100 mg Al(OH)3 i.p. on days 1 and 7] and then challenged with aerosolized antigen on days 21, 28 and 35. At day 35, antigen-exposure produced an early bronchoconstrictor response (EBR) and in about 50% of the animals also a late bronchoconstrictor response (LBR) commencing 4-8 h later. The bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine was increased in sensitized guinea-pigs and increased further 20-24 h after acute antigen challenge. Guinea-pigs developing only EBR were equally sensitive to histamine as those having both EBR and LBR. In contrast, the cough and reflex bronchoconstriction produced by inhaled citric acid (0.40 M, acting on capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons) and cigarette smoke (3 min exposure; exciting both capsaicin-sensitive neurons and rapidly adapting stretch receptors) were not altered by sensitization. Furthermore, acute antigen challenge did not alter the effect of citric acid as measured 24 h later. The antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine was not accompanied by an altered sensitivity of airway sensory nerves mediating cough (and reflex bronchoconstriction), demonstrating that bronchial- (airway obstruction) and sensory- (cough) hyperresponsiveness involve separate and independent mechanisms.
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| 2. |
- Lundbäck, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of respiratory symptoms, lung function and important determinants : Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden project
- 1994
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Ingår i: Tubercle and Lung Disease. - 0962-8479 .- 1532-219X. ; 75:2, s. 116-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SETTING: Cross-sectional epidemiological study based on a representative sample of the general population in northern Sweden. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the role of respiratory symptoms as indicators of impairment of lung function, and to define risk factors for respiratory symptoms and lung function impairment. DESIGN: The 1340 subjects of 6610 who reported respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma or chronic bronchitis in a postal questionnaire study were invited to a structured interview and lung function tests. A control group of 315 subjects was also invited. Risk factors were assessed from the postal questionnaire. RESULTS: 400 subjects in the symptomatic group had attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, while none in the control group had them, corresponding to 7% of the original study population. Chronic productive cough was present in 537 subjects, of whom 13 were from the control group, suggesting that 12% of the original study population had this symptom. Persistent wheeze was the symptom that predicted the greatest proportion of cases of impaired lung function. Attacks of breathlessness, wheezing, long-standing cough and sputum production were all related to age, smoking and a family history of asthma. Both chronic productive cough and impaired lung function correlated strongly with smoking and age, and their prevalences differed in different socio-economic groups. CONCLUSION: Impaired lung function can be predicted from respiratory symptoms. Data collected in postal questionnaires suffice for the identification of risk factors. Combinations of symptoms gave greater odds ratios than individual symptoms.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, U R, et al.
(författare)
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Hereditary dysfunction of the third component of complement associated with a systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome and meningococcal meningitis.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 35:5, s. 580-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We describe a dysfunction of C3 in a patient with a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndrome. Alternative pathway complement function was absent, but classical pathway complement function was partially intact.METHODS: We used functional, preparative, and immunochemical techniques in the study.RESULTS: The patient's C3 proved normally susceptible to trypsin proteolysis and partially resistant to classical pathway, but completely resistant to alternative pathway, convertase-dependent cleavage.CONCLUSION: The dysfunction, thus, was caused by a failure of C3 to interact with the C3 convertases, rather than by a lack of a proteinase-sensitive cleavage site in the deficient protein.
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