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- Ogikubo, O., et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between the cross-sectional area of the cauda equina and the preoperative symptoms in central lumbar spinal stenosis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Spine. - 1528-1159. ; 32:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional registry and imaging cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To study the association between typical symptoms and signs of central spinal stenosis and the minimum cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the cauda equina in patients subsequently undergoing surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Relations between mCSA and the symptoms of spinal stenosis have not been studied before. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The preoperative walking ability, pain in the leg(s) and back, duration of symptoms and quality of life in 82 men and women subsequently operated for spinal stenosis were related to the digitally determined CSA of the single most constricted level, mCSA of their lumbar spines. RESULTS: A smaller mCSA was directly related to a shorter walking distance before claudication. A small mCSA meant more leg and back pain and a lower health-related quality of life. For those with a walking ability <100 m, the average mCSA was around 53 mm; whereas it was just <69 mm for those able to walk >500 m. The average mCSA did not differ depending on gender, age, or vertebral level. CONCLUSIONS: The mCSA was a strong predictor of the preoperative walking ability, leg and back pain, and was directly related to the quality of life of patients with central spinal stenosis.
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- Petersson, Christoffer, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori sabA adhesin evokes a strong inflammatory response in human neutrophils which is down-regulated by the neutrophil-activating protein
- 2006
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Ingår i: Medical Microbiology and Immmunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-8584 .- 1432-1831. ; 195:4, s. 195-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human pathogen Helicobacter pylori expresses two dominant adhesins; the Lewis b blood group antigen binding adhesin, BabA, and the sialic acid-binding adhesin, SabA. These adhesins recognize specific carbohydrate moieties of the gastric epithelium, i.e. the Lewis b antigen, Leb, and the sialyl-Lewis x antigen, sLex, respectively, which promote infection and inflammatory processes in the gastroduodenal tract. To assess the contribution of each of BabA, SabA and the neutrophil activating protein (HP-NAP) in a local inflammation, we investigated the traits of H. pylori mutants in their capacity to interact with and stimulate human neutrophils. We thence found that the SabA adhesin was not only the key inducer of oxidative metabolism (Unemo et al. J Biol Chem 280:15390–15397, 2005), but also essential in phagocytosis induction, as evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. The napA deletion resulted in enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species and impaired adherence to the host cells. In conclusion, the SabA adhesin stimulates human neutrophils through selectin-mimicry. Interestingly, HP-NAP modulates the oxidative burst, which could tune the impact of the H. pylori infection for establishment of balanced and chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
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- Riedel, Gernot J, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Thermal Resistance of AlGaN/GaN Electronic Devices Using Novel Nucleation Layers
- 2009
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Ingår i: IEEE Electron Device Letters. - 0741-3106 .- 1558-0563. ; 30:2, s. 103-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, up to 50% of the channel temperature in AlGaN/GaN electronic devices is due to the thermal-boundary resistance (TBR) associated with the nucleation layer (NL) needed between GaN and SiC substrates for high-quality heteroepitaxy. Using 3-D time-resolved Raman thermography, it is shown that modifying the NL used for GaN on SiC epitaxy from the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)-grown standard AIN-NL to a hot-wall MOCVD-grown AIN-NL reduces NL TBR by 25%, resulting in similar to 10% reduction of the operating temperature of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Considering the exponential relationship between device lifetime and temperature, lower TBR NLs open new opportunities for improving the reliability of AlGaN/GaN devices.
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- Sjöwall, J, et al.
(författare)
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Innate immune responses in Lyme borreliosis : enhanced tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-12 in asymptomatic individuals in response to live spirochetes
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 141:1, s. 89-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innate immunity is important for early defence against borrelia spirochetes and should play a role in the clinical outcome of the infection. In order to study early cytokine responses, in vitro differentiated dendritic cells (DCs) and whole blood cells from 21 patients with different clinical outcomes of Lyme neuroborreliosis were stimulated with live borrelia spirochetes. The borrelia-induced secretion of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12p70, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in DCs and IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNF-alpha, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta and eotaxin in whole blood cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and multiplex arrays, respectively. We found increased numbers of TNF-alpha-secreting DCs (P = 0.018) in asymptomatic seropositive individuals compared to patients with subacute neuroborreliosis and seronegative controls. Asymptomatic individuals were also found to have elevated levels of IL-12p70 (P = 0.031) in whole blood cell supernatants compared to seronegative controls. These results are in line with previous experiments using cells of the adaptive immune response, indicating that strong T helper type 1 (Th1) proinflammatory responses might be associated with a successful resolution of Lyme disease.
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