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| 2. |
- Hyldegaard, S., et al.
(författare)
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Precise branching ratios to unbound 12C states from 12N and 12B [beta]-decays
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 678:5, s. 459 - 464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two complementary experimental techniques have been used to extract precise branching ratios to unbound states in 12C from 12N and 12B [beta]-decays. In the first the three [alpha]-particles emitted after [beta]-decay are measured in coincidence in separate detectors, while in the second method 12N and 12B are implanted in a detector and the summed energy of the three [alpha]-particles is measured directly. For the narrow states at 7.654 MeV (0+) and 12.71 MeV (1+) the resulting branching ratios are both smaller than previous measurements by a factor of [similar, equals]2. The experimental results are compared to no-core shell model calculations with realistic interactions from chiral perturbation theory, and inclusion of three-nucleon forces is found to give improved agreement.
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| 3. |
- Heard-Costa, Nancy L, et al.
(författare)
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NRXN3 is a novel locus for waist circumference : a genome-wide association study from the CHARGE Consortium
- 2009
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Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 5:6, s. e1000539-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central abdominal fat is a strong risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To identify common variants influencing central abdominal fat, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association analysis for waist circumference (WC). In total, three loci reached genome-wide significance. In stage 1, 31,373 individuals of Caucasian descent from eight cohort studies confirmed the role of FTO and MC4R and identified one novel locus associated with WC in the neurexin 3 gene [NRXN3 (rs10146997, p = 6.4×10−7)]. The association with NRXN3 was confirmed in stage 2 by combining stage 1 results with those from 38,641 participants in the GIANT consortium (p = 0.009 in GIANT only, p = 5.3×10−8 for combined analysis, n = 70,014). Mean WC increase per copy of the G allele was 0.0498 z-score units (0.65 cm). This SNP was also associated with body mass index (BMI) [p = 7.4×10−6, 0.024 z-score units (0.10 kg/m2) per copy of the G allele] and the risk of obesity (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.07–1.19; p = 3.2×10−5 per copy of the G allele). The NRXN3 gene has been previously implicated in addiction and reward behavior, lending further evidence that common forms of obesity may be a central nervous system-mediated disorder. Our findings establish that common variants in NRXN3 are associated with WC, BMI, and obesity.
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| 4. |
- Pisani, Paola, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-reactivity between immune responses to Helicobacter bilis and Helicobacter pylori in a population in Thailand at high risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. - 1556-6811. ; 15:9, s. 1363-1368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter bilis DNA has been detected in human tissue and is a candidate for etiologic investigations on the causes of hepatic and biliary tract diseases, but reliable serologic tests need to be developed in order to pursue such investigations. The scope of this study was to assess the specificity of two assays for H. bilis immune response allowing for H. pylori, and their cross-reactivity in a population in Thailand at high risk for cholangiocarcinoma. Plasma samples from 92 Thai volunteers were independently tested in two laboratories (Massachusetts Institute of Technology [MIT] and Lund). MIT performed three analyses of H. pylori and H. bilis based either on (i) outer membrane protein (OMP) with no preabsorption or on antigens derived from whole-cell sonicate before (ii) or after (iii) preabsorption with H. pylori sonicate protein. Lund used cell surface proteins from H. pylori and H. bilis as antigens. Testing for H. bilis was preabsorbed with a whole-cell lysate of H. pylori. More than 80% of the samples were positive for H. pylori in both laboratories. As tested by MIT, 58.7% (95% confidence interval, 47.9 to 68.9%) were positive for H. bilis by OMP and 44.5% (34.1 to 55.3%) were positive for H. bilis sonicate protein, but only 15.2% (8.6 to 24.2%) remained positive after preabsorption with H. pylori sonicate protein. Lund found 34.5% of the samples positive for H. bilis (22.0 to 41.0%), which was statistically compatible with all three MIT results. Serologic responses to OMPs of the two bacteria coincided in 66 and 45% of the samples in the MIT and Lund assays, respectively. We found high cross-reactivity between the immune responses to H. pylori and H. bilis antigens. More-specific H. bilis antigens need to be isolated to develop serologic tests suitable for epidemiological studies.
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| 5. |
- Prokopenko, Inga, et al.
(författare)
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Variants in MTNR1B influence fasting glucose levels
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:1, s. 77-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify previously unknown genetic loci associated with fasting glucose concentrations, we examined the leading association signals in ten genome-wide association scans involving a total of 36,610 individuals of European descent. Variants in the gene encoding melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) were consistently associated with fasting glucose across all ten studies. The strongest signal was observed at rs10830963, where each G allele (frequency 0.30 in HapMap CEU) was associated with an increase of 0.07 (95% CI = 0.06-0.08) mmol/l in fasting glucose levels (P = 3.2 x 10(-50)) and reduced beta-cell function as measured by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-B, P = 1.1 x 10(-15)). The same allele was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio = 1.09 (1.05-1.12), per G allele P = 3.3 x 10(-7)) in a meta-analysis of 13 case-control studies totaling 18,236 cases and 64,453 controls. Our analyses also confirm previous associations of fasting glucose with variants at the G6PC2 (rs560887, P = 1.1 x 10(-57)) and GCK (rs4607517, P = 1.0 x 10(-25)) loci.
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| 6. |
- Stenstrom, Bjorn, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish moist snuff accelerates gastric cancer development in Helicobacter pylori-infected wild-type and gastrin transgenic mice
- 2007
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Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 28:9, s. 2041-2046
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish variant of moist oral smokeless tobacco (snus) is popular in Sweden and Norway, banned from sale within the European Union and is currently being introduced in USA. The aim of the present study was to determine if snus is carcinogenic to the stomach, particularly in Helicobacter pylori (H.P.)-infected hosts at increased risk for gastric cancer development. Snus (General (TM); Swedish Match, Sweden) was mixed with powdered standard mouse chow at a concentration of 5-9% (wt/wt) and given to wild-type (WT, FVB) and gastrin transgenic (INS-GAS, FVB) mice for 6 months with or without H.P. (strain 67:21, CagA(+), VacA(+)) infection. At necropsy, pathological evaluation of stomachs from uninfected snus-treated WT mice showed mild morphological changes, whereas 50% snus-treated INS-GAS mice developed carcinoma in situ (CIS), compared with 25% not exposed to snus. When snus was given to H.P.-infected mice, 9 of 17 WT mice developed CIS with intramucosal invasion, and the remaining 8 of 17 WT mice developed high-grade dysplasia (score > 1.5) that was associated with increased gastritis, epithelial defects, oxyntic atrophy, hyperplasia and intestinal metaplasia. Twelve of 12 H.P.-infected INS-GAS mice developed CIS with intramucosal invasion and submucosal herniation. We suggest that snus is a potential gastric carcinogen in mice. The development of CIS was associated with increased rates of the epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, common features of gastric carcinogenesis.
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