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- Fröhlich, Christian
(författare)
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Civil society and the state intertwined : The case of disability NGOs in Russia
- 2012
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Ingår i: East European Politics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2159-9165 .- 2159-9173. ; 28:4, s. 371-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines state - civil society relationships in contemporary Russia. Its objective is to assess opportunity structures of Russian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that are intertwined with the state. The article presents qualitative data from fieldwork in the Russian cities of Moscow, St Petersburg, Nizhniy Novgorod, and Perm in 2009 and 2010. The focus of NGOs in the field of disability was chosen because of their roles as social service providers and as advocates for the rights of the disabled. The findings indicate that despite the Soviet legacy of an occupying state, Russian NGOs widen their opportunities by maintaining close relationships with state structures. Thus, litigation strategies seem to be an effective instrument for fostering social change for the benefit of the disabled.
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- Fröhlich, Christian
(författare)
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Dog lovers and vegan liberators : Fractures and tensions within the Animal Rights Movement in Russia
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the 1990s Russia saw many social movements emerging due to developing spaces of social activism and a rising concern of citizens for their immediate surroundings. Although the Putin reign closed many opportunities, social activism in spaces which are not directly connected to political concerns survived and developed further. The example of the animal rights movement shows how its main concern for shelter and survival of homeless animals units a wide range of Russian citizens and mostly stays under the radar of state security organs. However, the access to information to world-wide developments supported the emergence of more radical forms of activism for universal rights of animals, such as animal liberation, property destruction and street protests. These currents were brought in by followers of vegan/vegetarian lifestyles and by anarchists, which propose oppositional positions and radical critiques on society as a whole.The paper gives an overview over the main concerns of the Russian animal rights movement and shows how demands and critiques differ according to ideological backgrounds and social positions of their agents. On the one hand, ideological cleavages among concerned citizens and activists cause also differences in organizational approaches to social activism, which makes cooperation and mutual support difficult. But on the other, the Russian movement for the rights of animals succeeds in supporting the diffusion of international lifestyle values and forms of social activism.
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- Stollenwerk, Maria M, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Albumin-based nanoparticles as magnetic resonance contrast agents : I. Concept, first syntheses and characterisation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 133:4, s. 375-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract To develop a platform for molecular magnetic resonance imaging, we prepared gadolinium-bearing albumin-polylactic acid nanoparticles in the size range 20–40 nm diameter. Iterative cycles of design and testing upscaled the synthesis procedures to gram amounts for physicochemical characterisation and for pharmacokinetic testing. Morphological analyses showed that the nanoparticles were spheroidal with rough surfaces. Particle sizes were measured by direct transmission electron microscopical measurements from negatively contrasted preparations, and by use of photon correlation spectroscopy; the two methods each documented nanoparticle sizes less than 100 nm and generally 10–40 nm diameter, though with significant intrabatch and interbatch variability. The particles’ charge sufficed to hold them in suspension. HSA retained its tertiary structure in the particles. The nanoparticles were stable against turbulent flow conditions and against heat, though not against detergents. MRI imaging of liquid columns was possible at nanoparticle concentrations below 10 mg/ml. The particles were non-cytotoxic, non-thrombogenic and non-immunogenic in a range of assay systems developed for toxicity testing of nanoparticles. They were micellar prior to lyophilisation, but loosely structured aggregated masses after lyophilisation and subsequent resuspension. These nanoparticles provide a platform for further development, based on non-toxic materials of low immunogenicity already in clinical use,not expensive, and synthesized using methods which can be upscaled for industrial production.
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