| 1. |
- Xavier, Ana Carolina Freitas, et al.
(författare)
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Stationary and non-stationary detection of extreme precipitation events and trends of average precipitation from 1980 to 2010 in the Paraná River basin, Brazil
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Climatology. - : Wiley. - 0899-8418 .- 1097-0088. ; 40:2, s. 1197-1212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of this study was to investigate the trends on average and extreme events in time series of daily precipitation from 1980 to 2010 in the Paraná River basin, Brazil. The nonparametric Mann–Kendall test was applied to detect monotonic trend in the precipitation series. The occurrence of extreme values was analysed based on three generalized extreme values (GEV) models: Model 1 (stationary), Model 2 (non-stationary for location parameter), and Model 3 (non-stationary for location and scale parameters). The GEV parameters were estimated by the Generalized Maximum Likelihood method (GMLE) and for the non-stationary models, the parameters were estimated as linear functions of time. To choose the most suitable model, the maximum likelihood ratio test (D) was used. From the results observed at the monthly scale, it was possible to infer that the months with the highest probability of an extreme weather event occurrence are February (climates Aw and Cfa), July (Cfa and Cfb), and October (Aw, Cfa, and Cfb). Approximately 90% of the 1,112 stations presented no trend regarding the GEV parameters. The non-stationarity showed by other stations (Models 2 and 3) might be associated with several factors, such as the alteration of land use due to the north expansion of the agricultural border of the Paraná River basin.
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| 2. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Dias-Neto, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Nationwide Analysis of Intact Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Portugal from 2000 to 2015
- 2020
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Ingår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0890-5096 .- 1615-5947. ; 66:July, s. 54-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Results on the management of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) from Mediterranean countries are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends in rate of and mortality after repair of intact AAA (iAAA) in Portugal. Methods: iAAA repairs registered in the hospitals' administrative database of the National Health Service from 2000 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed regarding demographics (age and gender) and type of repair (open surgery [OS] or endovascular repair [EVAR]). Rate and mortality were compared among three time periods: 2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2015. Results: Age-standardized rate of iAAA repair increased consistently across the time periods under analysis from 3.6 +/- 0.6/100,000/year in 2000-2004, to 5.6 +/- 0.4/100,000/year in 2005-2009 and to 7.1 +/- 0.9/100,000/year in 2010-2015 (P < 0.001). The percentage of EVAR among all iAAA repairs rose steeply from 0 to 21 +/- 19% and then to 58 +/- 7% (P < 0.001). The rate of OS also increased from the first to the second period, but there was a decrease in the third period (P < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality after iAAA repair decreased from 7.5 +/- 1.3% to 6.6 +/- 1.6% and then to 5.1 +/- 1.9% (P < 0.001). This variation corresponded to a decrease in in-hospital mortality after EVAR (from 4.0 +/- 3.5% to 2.8 +/- 0.9%, P < 0.001) and increased in-hospital mortality after OS (7.5 +/- 1.3% to 7.4 +/- 1.1% to 8.3 +/- 3.7%, P < 0.001). Low-volume centers (< 15 repairs/year) did not present higher mortality rates. The number of EVARs per year in a center presented a positive association with EVAR mortality (Spearman correlation of 0.696, P = 0.004). Conclusions: The rate of repair of iAAA continues to grow, especially in patients aged >= 75 years and did not reach an inflection point yet. This is happening along with decreased repair mortality mainly because of the increased use of EVAR. Hospital mortality for iAAA repair is still a matter of concern, warranting further investigation and planning of vascular surgical services.
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| 4. |
- Dias-Neto, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Nationwide Analysis of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Portugal (2000-2015)
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 60:1, s. 27-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is a lethal condition that requires acute repair to prevent death. This analysis aims to assess the nationwide trends in rAAA admission, repair and mortality in a country, Portugal, without national screening for AAA. Methods: rAAA registered in the hospital administrative database of the National Health Service and all nationally registered deaths due to rAAA based on death certificate data were analysed. Three time periods (2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2015) were compared in patients >= 50 years old to assess the variations over time. Results: A total of 2 275 patients >= 50 years old with rAAA were identified in the two databases from 2000 to 2015. The age standardised incidence of rAAA was 2.78 +/- 0.24/100 000/year in 2000-2004, 3.17 +/- 0.39/100 000/year in 2005-2009 and 3.21 +/- 0.28/100 000/year in 2010-2015 (p < .001). When comparing the time periods 2000-2004 to 2005-2009, the age standardised rate of admission (n = 1460) increased from 1.57 +/- 0.25/100 000/year to 2.24 +/- 0.32/100 000/year (p < .001). The operative mortality rates decreased during this time period (from 55.3 +/- 4.7% to 48.8 +/- 4.7%, p < .001). In 2010-2015, the age standardised rate of admissions due to rAAA decreased (1.98 +/- 0.22/100 000/year). Operative mortality remained stable (48.9 +/- 6.2%). The rate of patient deaths outside the hospital decreased from the first to the second period (1.21 +/- 0.10/100 000/year and 0.93 +/- 0.29/100 000/year, respectively) but later increased (1.14 +/- 0.22/100 000/year). This resulted in a higher overall rAAA related mortality in Portugal in the third period (2.20 +/- 0.18/100 000/year, 2.21 +/- 0.27/100 000/year and 2.26 +/- 0.26/100 000/year in 2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2015, respectively, p < .001). Conclusion: Overall, the incidence of rAAA in Portugal has been stable over the past 10 years. The rates of admission, repair, and death due to rAAA repair seem to have reached an inflection point and are now decreasing. Mortality outside the hospital remains a matter of concern, warranting further planning of streamlined transfer networks and vascular surgical departments.
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| 5. |
- Hoshino, Ayuko, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular Vesicle and Particle Biomarkers Define Multiple Human Cancers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cell. - : CELL PRESS. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 182:4, s. 1044-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an unmet clinical need for improved tissue and liquid biopsy tools for cancer detection. We investigated the proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) in 426 human samples from tissue explants (TEs), plasma, and other bodily fluids. Among traditional exosome markers, CD9, HSPA8, ALIX, and HSP90AB1 represent pan-EVP markers, while ACTB, MSN, and RAP1B are novel pan-EVP markers. To confirm that EVPs are ideal diagnostic tools, we analyzed proteomes of TE- (n =151) and plasma-derived (n =120) EVPs. Comparison of TE EVPs identified proteins (e.g., VCAN, TNC, and THBS2) that distinguish tumors from normal tissues with 90% sensitivity/94% specificity. Machine-learning classification of plasma-derived EVP cargo, including immunoglobulins, revealed 95% sensitivity/90% specificity in detecting cancer Finally, we defined a panel of tumor-type-specific EVP proteins in TEs and plasma, which can classify tumors of unknown primary origin. Thus, EVP proteins can serve as reliable biomarkers for cancer detection and determining cancer type.
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