| 1. |
- Langhelle, A., et al.
(författare)
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Recommended guidelines for reviewing, reporting, and conducting research on post-resuscitation care: the Utstein style
- 2005
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 66:3, s. 271-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this report is to establish recommendations for reviewing, reporting, and conducting research during the post-resuscitation period in hospital. It defines data that are needed for research and more specialised registries and therefore supplements the recently updated Utstein template for resuscitation registries. The updated Utstein template and the out-of-hospital "Chain of Survival" describe factors of importance for successful resuscitation up until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Several factors in the in-hospital phase after ROSC are also likely to affect the ultimate outcome of the patient. Large differences in survival to hospital discharge for patients admitted alive are reported between hospitals. Therapeutic hypothermia has been demonstrated to improve the outcome, and other factors such as blood glucose, haemodynamics, ventilatory support, etc., might also influence the result. No generally accepted, scientifically based protocol exists for the post-resuscitation period in hospital, other than general brain-oriented intensive care. There is little published information on this in-hospital phase. This statement is the result of a scientific consensus development process started as a symposium by a task force at the Utstein Abbey, Norway, in September 2003. Suggested data are defined as core and supplementary and include the following categories: pre-arrest co-morbidity and functional status, cause of death, patients' quality of life, in-hospital system factors, investigations and treatment, and physiological data at various time points during the first three days after admission. It is hoped that the publication of these recommendations will encourage research into the in-hospital post-resuscitation phase, which we propose should be included in the chain-of-survival as a fifth ring. Following these recommendations should enable better understanding of the impact of different in-hospital treatment strategies on outcome.
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| 4. |
- Bresin, Roberto, et al.
(författare)
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Director musices : The KTH performance rules system
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SIGMUS-46. - : Information Processing Society of Japan. ; , s. 43-48
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Director Musices is a program that transforms notated scores into musical performances. It implements the performance rules emerging from research projects at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). Rules in the program model performance aspects such as phrasing, articulation, and intonation, and they operate on performance variables such as tone, inter-onset duration, amplitude, and pitch. By manipulating rule parameters, the user can act as a metaperformer controlling different feature of the performance, leaving the technical execution to the computer. Different interpretations of the same piece can easily be obtained. Features of Director Musices include MIDI file input and output, rule palettes, graphical display of all performance variables (along with the notation), and userdefined performance rules. The program is implemented in Common Lisp and is available free as a stand-alone application both for Macintosh and Windows platforms. Further information, including music examples, publications, and the program itself, is located online at http://www.speech.kth.se/music/performance. This paper is a revised and updated version of a previous paper published in the Computer Music Journal in year 2000 that was mainly written by Anders Friberg (Friberg, Colombo, Frydén and Sundberg, 2000).
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| 5. |
- Dowling, Damian K., et al.
(författare)
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Evolutionary implications of non-neutral mitochondrial genetic variation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Trends in Ecology & Evolution. - : Cell Press. - 0169-5347 .- 1872-8383. ; 23:10, s. 546-554
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was traditionally considered to be selectively neutral. However, an accumulating body of evidence indicates that this assumption is invalid. Furthermore, recent advances indicate that mtDNA polymorphism can be maintained within populations via selection on the joint mitochondrial-nuclear genotype. Here, we review the latest findings that show mitochondrial and cytoplasmic genetic variation for life-history traits and fitness. We highlight the key importance of the mitochondrial-nuclear interaction as a unit of selection and discuss the consequences of mitochondrially encoded fitness effects on several key evolutionary processes. Our goal is to draw attention to the profound, yet neglected, influence of the mitochondrial genome on the fields of ecology and evolution.
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| 6. |
- Fornäs, Johan, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Culture Unbound : Dimensions of Culturalisation
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report discusses ideas of a radical increase in the significance and scope of culture in modern society, where industrialism is said to have been superseded by a society of information, knowledge and experiences. Issues of cultural identity and community are increasingly focal concerns, the virtual worlds of media culture seem omnipotent, and the cultural sector is growing with each of its recurrent redefinitions. Politics and the economy are supposedly aestheticised, culture and design boost regional development, creativity is a core value. The theses of revolutionary -culturalisation- of society and everyday life have a long history through the various cultural turns proclaimed by scholars as well as in society at large. The report scrutinises some main arguments and their implications, pointing at a need to distinguish historical trends, material processes and ideological discourses. A differentiation is made between five main dimensions of the concept of culture that are associated with specific sets of culturalisation ideas and corresponding trans-formations of boundaries around and within the cultural field. This discussion also touches upon the position and role of cultural research itself. Examples are given from five focal areas for these processes: academic work, regional politics, public spaces, history constructions and border struggles.
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| 7. |
- Friberg, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient bioreduction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5-dione and bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,5-dione by genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2006
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Ingår i: Organic and biomolecular chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-0520 .- 1477-0539. ; 4:11, s. 2304-2312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A screening of non-conventional yeast species and several Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( baker's yeast) strains overexpressing known carbonyl reductases revealed the S. cerevisiae reductase encoded by YMR226c as highly efficient for the reduction of the diketones 1 and 2 to their corresponding hydroxyketones 3 - 6 ( Scheme 1) in excellent enantiomeric excesses. Bioreduction of 1 using the genetically engineered yeast TMB4100, overexpressing YMR226c, resulted in > 99% ee for hydroxyketone (+)- 4 and 84 - 98% ee for (-)- 3, depending on the degree of conversion. Baker's yeast reduction of diketone 2 resulted in > 98% ee for the hydroxyketones (+)- 5 and (+)- 6. However, TMB4100 led to significantly higher conversion rates ( over 40 fold faster) and also a minor improvement of the enantiomeric excesses (> 99%).
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| 8. |
- Friberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the KTH rule system for musical performance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Advances in Cognitive Psychology. - 1895-1171. ; 2:2-3, s. 145-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The KTH rule system models performance principles used by musicians when performing a musical score, within the realm of Western classical, jazz and popular music. An overview is given of the major rules involving phrasing, micro-level timing, metrical patterns and grooves, articulation, tonal tension, intonation, ensemble timing, and performance noise. By using selections of rules and rule quantities, semantic descriptions such as emotional expressions can be modeled. A recent real-time implementation provides the means for controlling the expressive character of the music. The communicative purpose and meaning of the resulting performance variations are discussed as well as limitations and future improvements.
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| 9. |
- Friberg, Bertil, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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One-year prospective three-center study comparing the outcome of a "soft bone implant" (prototype Mk IV) and the standard Brånemark implant.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - 1523-0899. ; 5:2, s. 71-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Oral implant treatment ad modum Brånemark has been used for decades in the rehabilitation of edentate and partially dentate patients. Posterior jaw regions frequently exhibit bone of poor texture, and it is often difficult to obtain primary stability. Thus, it may prove beneficial to deviate from the original protocol and to use implants with a modified design, for example, with a slightly tapered geometry. PURPOSE: The purpose of the investigation was to compare the early behavior of a modified (prototype Mk IV, Brånemark System, Nobel Biocare AB, Gothenburg, Sweden; test) implant with that of the standard Brånemark implant (control) in regions of mainly type 4 bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three Swedish centers participated, and a total of 44 patients were treated with oral implants for 39 maxillas and 5 mandibles. The study focused on the most distal right and left implant sites (88 implants), which were randomized to receive either a test or a control implant. Various parameters were recorded, such as registered insertion torque (OsseoCare), Nobel Biocare AB), wobbling during insertion, primary and secondary stability (as measured with resonance frequency), and marginal bone loss. The implants were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS: The test implant more frequently required a higher insertion torque and showed a significantly higher primary stability than the control implant. This difference in stability leveled out over time, and test and control implants exhibited similar secondary stability at abutment operation and at the 1-year visit. Wobbling during insertion was rarely recorded for either of the implant designs. The 1-year cumulative success rate was 93.1% for test implants and 88.4% for control implants. CONCLUSIONS: The modified implant design resulted in an increased primary stability, which may be important when placing implants in jaw regions of type 4 bone. However, independent of the achieved primary stability, successful implants tended to approach similar secondary stability in the two designs tested.
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