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- Bugge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a 3-year intervention: The Copenhagen School Child Intervention Study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - 1530-0315. ; 44:7, s. 1310-1317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: This study assessed short and long term effects of a 3-year controlled school-based physical activity (PA) intervention on fatness, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in children. METHODS: The study involved 18 schools (10 intervention and 8 controls) and included a follow-up 4 years after the end of intervention. The analyses included 696, 6-7 yrs old children at baseline, 612 at post-intervention (age 9.5 yrs) and 441 at follow-up (age 13.4 yrs). The intervention consisted of a doubling of the amount of physical education (from 90 to 180 min/week), training of PE-teachers, and upgrading of physical education and playing facilities. Anthropometrics and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. VO2peak was directly measured and PA assessed using accelerometry. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for CVD risk factors. A composite risk score was computed from z-scores of SBP, triglycerides, ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-score), skinfolds, and inverse VO2peak. RESULTS: The HOMA-score of intervention group boys had a smaller increase from baseline to post-intervention compared to control boys (p = 0.004). From baseline to follow-up intervention group boys had a smaller increase in SBP compared to control boys (p=0.010). There were no other significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION: This 3-years school-based PA intervention caused positive changes in SBP and HOMA-score in boys, but not in PA, VO2peak, fatness and the other measured CVD risk factors. Our results indicate that a doubling of physical education and providing training and equipment may not be sufficient to induce mayor improvements in CVD risk factors in a normal population.
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| 2. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Aerobic fitness in prepubertal children according to level of body fat
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 99:12, s. 1854-1860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between maximum oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK) and body fat in young children on a population-based level. Methods: Participants were 586 children (311 boys and 275 girls) aged 6.8 +/- 0.4 years, recruited from a population-based cohort. VO2PEAK was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal exercise test. Percent body fat (BF%) was estimated from skinfold measurements. Results: Significant relationships existed between BF% and absolute values of VO2PEAK (mL/min), VO2PEAK scaled by body weight (mL/min/kg) and VO2PEAK by allometric scaling (mL/min/kg(0.71)), whereas no relationships were detected for VO2PEAK scaled to fat-free mass (FFM) (mL/min/FFM). Person correlation coefficients for boys were 0.26, -0.38, -0.19 and -0.01 NS and for girls 0.33, -0.42, -0.21 and -0.03 NS, respectively. Significant differences in VO2PEAK existed between different quartiles of BF%, with the exception when VO2PEAK was scaled to FFM. Conclusion: Our findings document the coexistence of two known risk factors for disease at a young age on a population-base and confirms that VO2PEAK was scaled to FFM represents a body fat independent way of expressing fitness.
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| 3. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of VO(2)Peak in Children Age 6-to 7-Years-Old
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric Exercise Science. - 0899-8493. ; 23:1, s. 87-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the predictors of aerobic fitness (VO2PEAK) in young children on a population-base. Participants were 436 children (229 boys and 207 girls) aged 6.7 +/- 0.4 yrs. VO2PEAK was measured during a maximal treadmill exercise test. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometers. Total body fat and total fat free mass were estimated from skinfold measurements. Regression analyses indicated that significant predictors for VO2PEAK per kilogram body mass were total body fat, maximal heart rate, sex, and age. Physical activity explained an additional 4-7%. Further analyses showed the main contributing factors for absolute values of VO2PEAK were fat free mass, maximal heart rate, sex, and age. Physical activity explained an additional 3-6%.
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| 4. |
- Grontved, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Association between plasma leptin and blood pressure in two population-based samples of children and adolescents
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 29:6, s. 1093-1100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives In this study we examined the association between leptin and blood pressure in a population-based study of Danish and Norwegian children and adolescents. Because of the putative bidirectional relationship between leptin and adiposity we formally tested (i) the mediating effect of body mass index in the association between leptin and blood pressure, and (ii) the mediating effect of leptin in the association between body mass index and blood pressure. Methods To examine these aims we used a cross-sectional random sample of children and adolescents from Denmark and Norway (n=1993) who had measures of leptin, anthropometry, blood pressure and other personal and biological risk factors for raised blood pressure available. Results Both body mass index and leptin were positively associated with blood pressure (P<0.001). The association with leptin was stronger in pre- and early-pubertal children compared to late-and post-pubertal adolescents (P<0.01 for interaction). The association between leptin and blood pressure was almost completely mediated by body mass index, whereas the association between body mass index and blood pressure was modestly mediated by leptin. Conclusion Leptin was strongly associated with blood pressure, a relationship that to a large extent was mediated by body mass index. Conversely, the association between body mass index and blood pressure was only modestly mediated by leptin. This indicates that the influence of adiposity on blood pressure is also driven by other biological risk factors beyond leptin. Such factors could include insulin, glucose, and triglycerides although residual confounding also could account for the observed relationships. J Hypertens 29:1093-1100 (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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