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- Caswell, J. L., et al.
(författare)
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The 6-GHz methanol multibeam maser catalogue - I. Galactic Centre region, longitudes 345° to 6°
- 2010
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Ingår i: MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY. - 0035-8711. ; 404:2, s. 1029-1060
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have conducted a Galactic plane survey of methanol masers at 6668 MHz using a seven-beam receiver on the Parkes telescope. Here we present results from the first part, which provides sensitive unbiased coverage of a large region around the Galactic Centre. Details are given for 183 methanol maser sites in the longitude range 345° through the Galactic Centre to 6°. Within 6° of the Galactic Centre, we found 88 maser sites, of which more than half (48) are new discoveries. The masers are confined to a narrow Galactic latitude range, indicative of many sources at the Galactic Centre distance and beyond, and confined to a thin disc population; there is no high-latitude population that might be ascribed to the Galactic bulge. Within 2° of the Galactic Centre the maser velocities all lie between −60 and +77 km s−1, a range much smaller than the 540 km s−1 range observed in CO. Elsewhere, the maser with highest positive velocity (+107 km s−1) occurs, surprisingly, near longitude 355° and is probably attributable to the Galactic bar. The maser with the most negative velocity (−127 km s−1) is near longitude 346°, within the longitude–velocity locus of the near side of the ‘3-kpc arm’. It has the most extreme velocity of a clear population of masers associated with the near and far sides of the 3-kpc arm. Closer to the Galactic Centre the maser space density is generally low, except within 0.25 kpc of the Galactic Centre itself, the ‘Galactic Centre zone’, where it is 50 times higher, which is hinted at by the longitude distribution, and confirmed by the unusual velocities.
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- Oh, T. G., et al.
(författare)
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PRMT2 and ROR gamma Expression Are Associated With Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0888-8809 .- 1944-9917. ; 28:7, s. 1166-1185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) methylate arginine residues on histones and target transcription factors that play critical roles in many cellular processes, including gene transcription, mRNA splicing, proliferation, and differentiation. Recent studies have linked PRMT-dependent epigenetic marks and modifications to carcinogenesis and metastasis in cancer. However, the role of PRMT2-dependent signaling in breast cancer remains obscure. We demonstrate PRMT2 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in breast cancer relative to normal breast. Gene expression profiling, Ingenuity and protein-protein interaction network analysis after PRMT2-short interfering RNA transfection into MCF-7 cells, revealed that PRMT2-dependent gene expression is involved in cell-cycle regulation and checkpoint control, chromosomal instability, DNA repair, and carcinogenesis. For example, PRMT2 depletion achieved the following: 1) increased p21 and decreased cyclinD1 expression in (several) breast cancer cell lines, 2) decreased cell migration, 3) induced an increase in nucleotide excision repair and homologous recombination DNA repair, and 4) increased the probability of distance metastasis free survival (DMFS). The expression of PRMT2 and retinoid-related orphan receptor-gamma (ROR gamma) is inversely correlated in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and increased ROR gamma expression increases DMFS. Furthermore, we found decreased expression of the PRMT2-dependent signature is significantly associated with increased probability of DMFS. Finally, weighted gene coexpression network analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between PRMT2-dependent genes and cell-cycle checkpoint, kinetochore, and DNA repair circuits. Strikingly, these PRMT2-dependent circuits are correlated with pan-cancer metagene signatures associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and chromosomal instability. This study demonstrates the role and significant correlation between a histone methyltransferase (PRMT2)-dependent signature, ROR gamma, the cell-cycle regulation, DNA repair circuits, and breast cancer survival outcomes.
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- Larson, Greger, et al.
(författare)
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Current perspectives and the future of domestication studies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 111:17, s. 6139-6146
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is difficult to overstate the cultural and biological impacts that the domestication of plants and animals has had on our species. Fundamental questions regarding where, when, and how many times domestication took place have been of primary interest within a wide range of academic disciplines. Within the last two decades, the advent of new archaeological and genetic techniques has revolutionized our understanding of the pattern and process of domestication and agricultural origins that led to our modern way of life. In the spring of 2011, 25 scholars with a central interest in domestication representing the fields of genetics, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, geoarchaeology, and archaeology met at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center to discuss recent domestication research progress and identify challenges for the future. In this introduction to the resulting Special Feature, we present the state of the art in the field by discussing what is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of domestication, and controversies surrounding the speed, intentionality, and evolutionary aspects of the domestication process. We then highlight three key challenges for future research. We conclude by arguing that although recent progress has been impressive, the next decade will yield even more substantial insights not only into how domestication took place, but also when and where it did, and where and why it did not.
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- Wickert, J, et al.
(författare)
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GNSS for Global Earth Observation: The European coordination action Gfg²
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sixth FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC Data Users' Workshop 30 October - 1 November 2012, Boulder, Colorado U.S.A..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Gfgsquared (GfG²) project is an international research related project with focus to the use of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) for Earth Observation in a more general sense. Within the project novel GNSS applications with outstanding social importance are identified. These applications can be classified by the nine Social Benefit Areas (SBA), which address the current crucial problems of mankind: disasters, health, energy, climate, water, weather, ecosystems, agriculture, biodiversity (see www.earthobservation.org). We give examples for GNSS applications in the different SBA. For several of these applications, GNSS radio occultation is a key observation technique with several applications in that context.
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