| 1. |
- Journeau, C., et al.
(författare)
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European Research on the Corium issues within the SARNET network of excellence
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants, ICAPP 2008. - 9781605607870 ; , s. 1172-1181
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within SARNET, the corium topic covers all the behaviors of corium from early phase of core degradation to in or ex-vessel corium recovery with the exception of corium interaction with water, direct containment heating and fission product release. The corium topic regroups in three work packages the critical mass of competence required to improve significantly the corium behavior knowledge. The spirit of the SARNET networking is to share the knowledge, the facilities and the simulation tools for severe accidents, so to reach a better efficiency and to rationalize the R&D effort at European level. Extensive benchmarking has been launched in most of the areas of research. These benchmarks were mainly dedicated to the recalculation of experiments, while, in the next periods, a larger focus will be given to integral experiments or reactor applications. Eventually, all the knowledge will be accumulated in the ASTEC severe accident simulation code through physical model improvements and extension of validation database. This paper summarizes the progress that has been achieved in the frame of the networking activities. A special focus is placed on the melt pool and debris coolability and corium-concrete interaction, in which, the effects due to multidimensional geometries and heterogeneities has been shown, during SARNET, to play a crucial role and for which further research is still needed.
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| 2. |
- Wild, W., et al.
(författare)
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Millimetron—a large Russian-European submillimeter space observatory
- 2009
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Ingår i: Experimental Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 23:1, s. 221-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Millimetron is a Russian-led 12 m diameter submillimeter and far-infrared space observatory which is included in the Space Plan of the Russian Federation for launch around 2017. With its large collecting area and state-of-the-art receivers, it will enable unique science and allow at least one order of magnitude improvement with respect to the Herschel Space Observatory. Millimetron will be operated in two basic observing modes: as a single-dish observatory, and as an element of a ground-space very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) system. As single-dish, angular resolutions on the order of 3 to 12 arc sec will be achieved and spectral resolutions of up to a million employing heterodyne techniques. As VLBI antenna, the chosen elliptical orbit will provide extremely large VLBI baselines (beyond 300,000 km) resulting in micro-arc second angular resolution.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Mapelli, A., et al.
(författare)
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Development of a detector (ALFA) to measure the absolute LHC luminosity at ATLAS
- 2008
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Ingår i: Astroparticle, Particle and Space Physics, Detectors and Medical Physics Applications - Proceedings of the 10th Conference. - 9812819088 - 9789812819086 ; , s. 984-988
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS collaboration plans to determine the absolute luminosity of the CERN LHC at Interaction Point 1 by measuring the trajectory of protons elastically scattered at very small angles (μrad). A scintillating fibre tracker system called ALFA (Absolute Luminosity For ATLAS) is proposed for this measurement. Detector modules will be placed above and below the LHC beam axis in roman pot units at a distance of 240 m on cach side of the ATLAS interaction point. They allow the detectors to approach the beam axis to millimeter distance. Overlap detectors also based on the scintillating fibre technology, will measure the precise relative position of the two detector modules, Results obtained during beam tests at DESY and at CERN validate the detectors design and demonstrate the achievable resolution. We also report about radiation hardness studies of the scintillating fibres to estimate the lifetime of the ALFA system at different operating conditions of the LHC.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Monte, L., et al.
(författare)
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The EVANET_HYDRA network: Introduction
- 2005
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Ingår i: Evaluation and nertwork of EC-decision support systems in the field of hydrological dispersion models and of aquatic radioecological research. - : ENEA, Rome. ; , s. 15-20
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Cordoba Gallego, Jose Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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New production of TiCxN1−x-based cermets by one step mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction : Powder synthesis and pressureless sintering
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 28:10, s. 2085-2098
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TiCxN1−x-based powdered cermets were synthesized by a one step mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction (MSR) process from mixtures of elemental powders, and subsequently sintered by a pressureless method. The composition and microstructure of the ceramic and binder phases before and after the sintering process were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction. The powdered cermets showed excellent binder dispersion and a nanometer character for the ceramic and binder particles. The TiCxN1−x stoichiometry was consistently richer in carbon than expected from the raw powder composition. An important amount of titanium was present in the binder after MSR synthesis, and intermetallic Ti-Ni or Ti-Co phases were obtained in some cases. After sintering, the binder phase was always constituted by intermetallic compounds. The morphology of the ceramic phase in the final bodies was dependent on the C/N ratio of TiCxN1−x and its growth primarily occurred through a coalescence process. The presence of titanium in the binder reduced hard particle solubility in the melted binder and its grain growth.
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| 8. |
- Cordoba Gallego, Jose Manuel, 2000-, et al.
(författare)
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Nitriding study of titanium silicide intermetallics obtained by mechanical alloying
- 2008
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Ingår i: Intermetallics (Barking). - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-9795 .- 1879-0216. ; 16:8, s. 948-954
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium and silicon powder blends were ball-milled under an inert atmosphere and subsequently annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere. Ti62.5Si37.5, Ti55.6Si44.4, and Ti50Si50 mixtures suffered a mechanically induced self-propagating reaction during milling. The products of the combustion were Ti5Si3 for the Ti62.5Si37.5 mixture and a combination of intermetallic phases for the Ti55.6Si44.4 and Ti50Si50 mixtures. The Ti33.3Si66.7 blend did not show an MSR process, but prolonged milling allowed the formation of a mixture of stable C54-TiSi2 and metastable C49-TiSi2 by a diffusion reaction. The nitriding study showed a different behaviour for C54-TiSi2 and Ti5Si3. C54-TiSi2 nitriding took place in a two-step process: the first corresponded to the formation of TiN and Si and the second to the silicon nitriding leading to the formation of a- and b-Si3N4. However, silicon and titanium nitriding primarily occurred simultaneously during the annealing of Ti5Si3, and the final product was a mixture of TiN and a-Si3N4.
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| 9. |
- Kruger, P., et al.
(författare)
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Ultracold atoms on atom chips : Manipulation at the mu m distance scale
- 2005
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Ingår i: ATOMIC PHYSICS 19. - : AIP. ; , s. 144-153
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Miniaturized potentials near the surface of atom chips can be used as flexible and versatile tools for the manipulation of ultracold atoms on a microscale. The full scope of possibilities is only accessible if atom‐surface distances can be reduced to microns. We discuss experiments in this regime and potential obstacles and solutions. We show that appropriate fabrication techniques lead to a reduction of disorder potentials so that one‐dimensional condensates can be prepared. We demonstrate how electrostatic potentials can be used to modify magnetic trapping potentials and how they can be used to study condensate formation in situations of different dimensionality. © 2005 American Institute of Physics
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