| 1. |
- Gao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Gradience Free Nanoinsertion of Fe3O4 into Wood for Enhanced Hydrovoltaic Energy Harvesting
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 11:30, s. 11099-11109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrovoltaic energy harvesting offers the potential to utilize enormous water energy for sustainable energy systems. Here, we report the utilization and tailoring of an intrinsic anisotropic 3D continuous microchannel structure from native wood for efficient hydrovoltaic energy harvesting by Fe3O4 nanoparticle insertion. Acetone-assisted precursor infiltration ensures the homogenous distribution of Fe ions for gradience-free Fe3O4 nanoparticle formation in wood. The Fe3O4/wood nanocomposites result in an open-circuit voltage of 63 mV and a power density of ∼52 μW/m2 (∼165 times higher than the original wood) under ambient conditions. The output voltage and power density are further increased to 1 V and ∼743 μW/m2 under 3 suns solar irradiation. The enhancement could be attributed to the increase of surface charge, nanoporosity, and photothermal effect from Fe3O4. The device exhibits a stable voltage of ∼1 V for 30 h (3 cycles of 10 h) showing good long-term stability. The methodology offers the potential for hierarchical organic-inorganic nanocomposite design for scalable and efficient ambient energy harvesting.
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| 2. |
- Gao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Scalable hierarchical wood/ZnO nanohybrids for efficient mechanical energy conversion
- 2023
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Ingår i: Materials & design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Owing to the hierarchical structure, easy multi-functionalization and favorable mechanical properties, wood could harvest electricity from mechanical energy through piezoelectric behavior. In this work, a scalable method to synthesize wood/ZnO composite with multilayered ZnO morphologies is reported for efficient mechanical energy conversion. The synthesis includes charged wood template fabrication, precursor infiltration, and ZnO hydrothermal growth, resulting in controlled ZnO morphologies and distributions while maintaining the hierarchical structure of the wood. Stereo-digital image correlation (stereo-DIC) investigated the relationship between deformation and piezoelectric performance, which revealed the homogeneous distribution of multilayered ZnO enhance piezoelectric performance. The output voltage of wood/ZnO was 1.5 V under periodic mechanical compression (8–10 N) for 300 cycles, while the output current was 2.91 nA. The scalable synthesis strategy and piezoelectric performance are significant for the design of advanced wood nanocomposites for sustainable and efficient energy conversion systems.
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| 3. |
- Garemark, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Advancing Hydrovoltaic Energy Harvesting from Wood through Cell Wall Nanoengineering
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Converting omnipresent environmental energy through the assistance of spontaneous water evaporation is an emerging technology for sustainable energy systems. Developing bio-based hydrovoltaic materials further pushes the sustainability, where wood is a prospect due to its native hydrophilic and anisotropic structure. However, current wood-based water evaporation-assisted power generators are facing the challenge of low power density. Here, an efficient hydrovoltaic wood power generator is reported based on wood cell wall nanoengineering. A highly porous wood with cellulosic network filling the lumen is fabricated through a green, one-step treatment using sodium hydroxide to maximize the wood surface area, introduce chemical functionality, and enhance the cell wall permeability of water. An open-circuit potential of ≈140 mV in deionized water is realized, over ten times higher than native wood. Further tuning the pH difference between wood and water, due to an ion concentration gradient, a potential up to 1 V and a remarkable power output of 1.35 µW cm−2 is achieved. The findings in this study provide a new strategy for efficient wood power generators. © 2022 The Authors.
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| 4. |
- Garemark, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Strong, Shape-Memory Aerogel via Wood Cell Wall Nanoscale Reassembly
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:5, s. 4775-4789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymer shape-memory aerogels (PSMAs) are prospects in various fields of application ranging from aerospace to biomedicine, as advanced thermal insulators, actuators, or sensors. However, the fabrication of PSMAs with good mechanical performance is challenging and is currently dominated by fossil-based polymers. In this work, strong, shape-memory bio-aerogels with high specific surface areas (up to 220 m2/g) and low radial thermal conductivity (0.042 W/mK) were prepared through a one-step treatment of native wood using an ionic liquid mixture of [MTBD]+[MMP]−/DMSO. The aerogel showed similar chemical composition similar to native wood. Nanoscale spatial rearrangement of wood biopolymers in the cell wall and lumen was achieved, resulting in flexible hydrogels, offering design freedom for subsequent aerogels with intricate geometries. Shape-memory function under stimuli of water was reported. The chemical composition and distribution, morphology, and mechanical performance of the aerogel were carefully studied using confocal Raman spectroscopy, AFM, SAXS/WAXS, NMR, digital image correlation, etc. With its simplicity, sustainability, and the broad range of applicability, the methodology developed for nanoscale reassembly of wood is an advancement for the design of biobased shape-memory aerogels.
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