| 1. |
- Garnaud, C., et al.
(författare)
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Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity testing in pregnant women
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 26:9, s. 1155-1160
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The parasite Toxoplasma gondii can cause congenital toxoplasmosis following primary infection in a pregnant woman. It is therefore important to distinguish between recent and past infection when both T. gondii-specific IgM and IgG are detected in a single serum in pregnant women. Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity testing is an essential tool to help to date the infection. However, interpretation of its results can be complex.Objectives: To review the benefits and limitations of T. gondii-specific avidity testing in pregnant women, to help practitioners to interpret the results and adapt the patient management.Sources: PubMed search with the keywords avidity, toxoplasmosis and Toxoplasma gondii for articles published from 1989 to 2019.Content: Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity testing remains a key tool for dating a T. gondii infection in immunocompetent pregnant women. Several commercial assays are available and display comparable performances. A high avidity result obtained on a first-trimester serum sample is indicative of a past infection, which occurred before pregnancy. To date, a low avidity result must still be considered as non-informative to date the infection, although some authors suggest that very low avidity results are highly suggestive of recent infections depending on the assay. Interpretation of low or grey zone avidity results on a first-trimester serum sample, as well as any avidity result on a second-trimester or third-trimester serum sample, is more complex and requires recourse to expert toxoplasmosis laboratories. Implications: Although used for about 30 years, T. gondii-specific avidity testing has scarcely evolved. The same difficulties in interpretation have persisted over the years. Some authors have proposed additional thresholds to exclude an infection of <9 months, or in contrast to confirm a recent infection. Such thresholds would be of great interest to adapt management of pregnant women and avoid unnecessary treatment; however, they need confirmation and further studies.
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| 2. |
- Jones, Dennis
(författare)
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Performance of bio-based building materials - Products meeting expectations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering. - : French Academic Civil Engineering Association (AUGC). - 2680-1000. ; 37:2, s. 642-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of biobased building materials is an important factor in our modern Built Environment, particularly in meeting global environmental challenges linked to continued urbanization. This increase in use comes at a time when performance expectations continue to rise. This paper will review some of the activities from a recently completed COST Action, FP1303 “Performance of Biobased Building Materials”, with particular emphasis on moisture performance.
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| 3. |
- Garmy, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av ett samverkansprojekt mellan Cancerreahbiliteringsmottagningen och Försäkringskassan i Kristianstad
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cancerrehabilitering ska vara en integrerad del av svensk cancervård och alla patienter med cancer och deras närstående ska få möjlighet till rehabiliteringsinsatser utifrån sina individuella behov. Försäkringskassans uppdrag är att besluta om och betala ut en stor del av de förmåner som ingår i socialförsäkringen. För att förbättra bemötandet av sjukskrivna personer med cancer, utsågs två handläggare på Försäkringskassan att inrikta sig på sjukskrivna personer med cancer. Dessa två handläggare fick extra utbildning i ämnet, och ett samarbete inleddes mellan Försäkringskassan och cancerrehabiliteringsmottagningen på Centralsjukhuset i Kristianstad. Det övergripandesyftet med studien var att undersöka patienters och medarbetares erfarenheter och upplevelser av Försäkringskassans och Cancerrehabiliteringsmottagningens insatser. Utvärderingens form har teoretiskt inspirerats av metoder som beskriver vikten av att forskningspersoner görs delaktiga i forskning och utvärdering och därmed bidrar till kunskapsutveckling. Datainsamlingen bestod av enkäter och fokusgruppsintervjuer och både kvantitativa och kvalitativa analyser har använts. Slutsatsen är att patienterna är övervägande nöjda med bemötandet från såväl handläggarna på Försäkringskassan och på Cancerrehabiliteringsmottagningen, men att mer insatser krävs för att nå alla patienter.
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| 4. |
- Klevmarken, Anders
(författare)
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Sjukförsäkringens incitamentseffekter
- 1995
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Ingår i: SOU 1995:59. Rapport från Sjuk- och arbetsskadeberedningen. - : Nordstedts, Stockholm.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Åke, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Hälsotillståndet hos abborre och tånglake
- 2007
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Ingår i: Havet 2007 - om miljötillståndet i svenska havsområden. - 1654-6741. ; 2007, s. 100-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom den nationalla marina kustfiskövervakningen har känsliga biomarkörer använts sedan 1988 för att kartlägga hälsotillståndet hos fisk. Här redovisas undersökningar på abborre och tånglake för de områden som har de längsta tidsserierna. De flesta biomarkörerna indikerar en god hälsostatus. Några erhållna mätdata talar dock för att fisken är påverkad av en ökad exponering för något eller några miljögifter. Detta kan vara tidiga tecken på på miljöförändringar som på sikt kan få allvarliga konsekvenser för fiskpopulationer i våra kustområden.
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| 6. |
- Wahlström, Ninni, 1953-
(författare)
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Vad krävs av en demokratisk skola? John Deweys Demokrati och utbildning i ett läroplansteoretiskt nutidsperspektiv
- 2016
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Ingår i: Utbildning och Demokrati. - Örebro : Örebro universitet. - 1102-6472 .- 2001-7316. ; 25:3, s. 51-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is required of a democratic school? John Dewey's Democracy and Education in a contemporary curriculum theory perspectiveThe purpose of this article is to explore a topical issue raised by John Dewey in his book Democracy and Education: How shall we secure the diversity of interests, without paying the price of isolation? To problematize the tension between individuals’ beliefs, desires and needs and a society’s need for cohesion, I read Dewey’s book through a lens of curriculum theory to elucidate the role of the school as deeply imbedded in the society's interpretation of the concept of democracy. By analyzing the society arena, the programmatic arena and the classroom arena in Democracy and Education, it becomes clear that the fundamental principles for democracy in society also have implications for the curriculum and the teaching in classroom. By recognizing the democratic needs of a lively dialogue between different social groups, and to base the school on such a principle, we can reduce the risk that pluralism is manifested in the form of isolated communities and enclaves.
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| 7. |
- Alonso-Mori, Roberto, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy using an X-ray free-electron laser in a shot-by-shot mode
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 109:47, s. 19103-19107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ultrabright femtosecond X-ray pulses provided by X-ray free-electron lasers open capabilities for studying the structure and dynamics of a wide variety of systems beyond what is possible with synchrotron sources. Recently, this probe-before-destroy approach has been demonstrated for atomic structure determination by serial X-ray diffraction of microcrystals. There has been the question whether a similar approach can be extended to probe the local electronic structure by X-ray spectroscopy. To address this, we have carried out femtosecond X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) at the Linac Coherent Light Source using redox-active Mn complexes. XES probes the charge and spin states as well as the ligand environment, critical for understanding the functional role of redox-active metal sites. K beta(1,3) XES spectra of Mn-II and Mn-2(III,IV) complexes at room temperature were collected using a wavelength dispersive spectrometer and femtosecond X-ray pulses with an individual dose of up to > 100 MGy. The spectra were found in agreement with undamaged spectra collected at low dose using synchrotron radiation. Our results demonstrate that the intact electronic structure of redox active transition metal compounds in different oxidation states can be characterized with this shot-by-shot method. This opens the door for studying the chemical dynamics of metal catalytic sites by following reactions under functional conditions. The technique can be combined with X-ray diffraction to simultaneously obtain the geometric structure of the overall protein and the local chemistry of active metal sites and is expected to prove valuable for understanding the mechanism of important metalloproteins, such as photosystem II.
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| 8. |
- Bertrand, Yann, et al.
(författare)
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Assignment of homoeologues to parental genomes in allopolyploids for species tree inference, with an example from Fumaria (Papaveraceae)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Systematic Biology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1063-5157 .- 1076-836X. ; 64:3, s. 448-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a rising awareness that species trees are best inferred from multiple loci while taking into account processes affecting individual gene trees, such as substitution model error (failure of the model to account for the complexity of the data) and coalescent stochasticity (presence of incomplete lineage sorting). Although most studies have been carried out in the context of dichotomous species trees, these processes operate also in more complex evolutionary histories involving multiple hybridizations and polyploidy. Recently, methods have been developed that accurately handle incomplete lineage sorting in allopolyploids, but they are thus far restricted to networks of diploids and tetraploids. We propose a procedure that improves on this limitation by designing a workflow that assigns homoeologues to hypothetical diploid ancestral genomes prior to genome tree construction. Conflicting assignment hypotheses are evaluated against substitution model error and coalescent stochasticity. Incongruence that cannot be explained by stochastic mechanisms needs to be explained by other processes (e.g., homoploid hybridization or paralogy). The data can then be filtered to build multilabeled genome phylogenies using inference methods that can recover species trees, either in the face of substitution model error and coalescent stochasticity alone, or while simultaneously accounting for hybridization. Methods are already available for folding the resulting multilabeled genome phylogeny into a network. We apply the workflow to the reconstruction of the reticulate phylogeny of the plant genus Fumaria (Papaveraceae) with ploidal levels ranging from 2x to 14x. We describe the challenges in recovering nuclear NRPB2 homoeologues in high ploidy species while combining in vivo cloning and direct sequencing techniques. Using parametric bootstrapping simulations we assign nuclear homoeologues and chloroplast sequences (four concatenated loci) to their common hypothetical diploid ancestral genomes. As these assignments hinge on effective population size assumptions, we investigate how varying these assumptions impacts the recovered multilabeled genome phylogeny.
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| 9. |
- Cornille, Amandine, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic signature of successful colonization of Eurasia by the allopolyploid shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 25:2, s. 616-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyploidization is a dominant feature of flowering plant evolution. However, detailed genomic analyses of the interpopulation diversification of polyploids following genome duplication are still in their infancy, mainly because of methodological limits, both in terms of sequencing and computational analyses. The shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) is one of the most common weed species in the world. It is highly self-fertilizing, and recent genomic data indicate that it is an allopolyploid, resulting from hybridization between the ancestors of the diploid species Capsella grandiflora and Capsella orientalis. Here, we investigated the genomic diversity of C.bursa-pastoris, its population structure and demographic history, following allopolyploidization in Eurasia. To that end, we genotyped 261 C.bursa-pastoris accessions spread across Europe, the Middle East and Asia, using genotyping-by-sequencing, leading to a total of 4274 SNPs after quality control. Bayesian clustering analyses revealed three distinct genetic clusters in Eurasia: one cluster grouping samples from Western Europe and Southeastern Siberia, the second one centred on Eastern Asia and the third one in the Middle East. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) supported the hypothesis that C.bursa-pastoris underwent a typical colonization history involving low gene flow among colonizing populations, likely starting from the Middle East towards Europe and followed by successive human-mediated expansions into Eastern Asia. Altogether, these findings bring new insights into the recent multistage colonization history of the allotetraploid C.bursa-pastoris and highlight ABC and genotyping-by-sequencing data as promising but still challenging tools to infer demographic histories of selfing allopolyploids.
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| 10. |
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