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- Antel, C., et al.
(författare)
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Feebly-interacting particles : FIPs 2022 Workshop Report
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 83:12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent fine-tuning of the electro-weak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves new physics at mass scales comparable to familiar matter, below the GeV-scale, or even radically below, down to sub-eV scales, and with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and indeed, existing data provide numerous hints for such possibility. A vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is under way, guided by a systematic theoretical approach firmly grounded on the underlying principles of the Standard Model. This document represents the report of the FIPs 2022 workshop, held at CERN between the 17 and 21 October 2022 and aims to give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs.
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| 2. |
- Andrienko, G., et al.
(författare)
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(So) Big Data and the transformation of the city
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Data Science and Analytics. - : Springer. - 2364-415X .- 2364-4168.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The exponential increase in the availability of large-scale mobility data has fueled the vision of smart cities that will transform our lives. The truth is that we have just scratched the surface of the research challenges that should be tackled in order to make this vision a reality. Consequently, there is an increasing interest among different research communities (ranging from civil engineering to computer science) and industrial stakeholders in building knowledge discovery pipelines over such data sources. At the same time, this widespread data availability also raises privacy issues that must be considered by both industrial and academic stakeholders. In this paper, we provide a wide perspective on the role that big data have in reshaping cities. The paper covers the main aspects of urban data analytics, focusing on privacy issues, algorithms, applications and services, and georeferenced data from social media. In discussing these aspects, we leverage, as concrete examples and case studies of urban data science tools, the results obtained in the “City of Citizens” thematic area of the Horizon 2020 SoBigData initiative, which includes a virtual research environment with mobility datasets and urban analytics methods developed by several institutions around Europe. We conclude the paper outlining the main research challenges that urban data science has yet to address in order to help make the smart city vision a reality.
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| 3. |
- Wells, M. B., et al.
(författare)
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Partner and professional support are associated with father-infant bonding : A cross-sectional analysis of mothers, midwives, and child health nurses’ influence on primiparous and multiparous fathers of infants in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess if received professional and social support are associated with father-infant bonding among primiparous (first-time) and multiparous (multi-time) fathers. Background: Early father-infant bonding predicts several positive child outcomes. However, while received professional and social support positively impacts fathers’ transition into parenthood, little research has tested if these factors are associated with a stronger father-infant bond. Methods: In total, 499 fathers (296 primiparous and 203 multiparous) of infants (aged 0–12 months) completed a cross-sectional online survey between November 2018 and March 2020. The survey included items related to socio-demographics, having a planned pregnancy, postnatal midwifery support, child health nurse support, child health center attendance, and social support. The parent-infant bonding questionnaire (PBQ) was used to assess the father-infant bond. Multiple linear regression models were estimated for the total sample and based on paternal parity. Missing data were managed through multiple imputation procedures. Findings: Fathers reported fewer bonding disturbances if they received support from their partners, postnatal midwives, child health nurses, and attended more child health visits. Primiparous fathers reported fewer bonding disturbances when receiving support from their partners, postnatal midwives, and the child health nurse. However, multiparous fathers had more bonding disturbances than primiparous fathers and received less professional and partner support. Conclusions: Receiving more partner and professional support is associated with less father-infant bonding disturbances. To encourage a better father-infant bond, clinicians should invite and support all fathers, regardless of parity, as they transition to parenthood. © 2024 The Authors
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| 6. |
- Xiao, Mengjiao, et al.
(författare)
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Betelgeuse constraints on coupling between axionlike particles and electrons
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 106:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axionlike particles (ALPs) can be produced by thermal processes in a stellar interior, escape from the star and, if sufficiently light, be converted into photons in the external Galactic magnetic field. Such a process could produce a detectable hard x-ray excess in the direction of the star. In this scenario, a promising class of targets is the red supergiants, massive stars which are experiencing the late part of their evolution. We report on a search for ALP-induced x-ray emission from Betelgeuse, produced via the combined processes of bremsstrahlung, Compton and Primakoff. Using a 50 ks observation of Betelgeuse by the NuSTAR satellite telescope, we set 95% C.L. upper limits on the ALP-electron (gae) and ALP-photon (gaγ) couplings. For masses ma≤(3.5–5.5)×10−11 eV, we find gaγ×gae<(0.4–2.8)×10−24 GeV−1 (depending on the stellar model and assuming a value of the regular Galactic magnetic field in the direction transverse to Betelgeuse of BT=1.4 μG). This corresponds to gae<(0.4–2.8)×10−12 for gaγ>1.0×10−12 GeV−1. This analysis supercedes by over an order of magnitude the limit on gae×gaγ placed by the CAST solar axion experiment and is among the strongest constraints on these couplings.
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