| 1. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Fördelar och nackdelar med en legalisering av cannabis i Sverige [Legalization of cannabis - A Swedish perspective]
- 2021
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While no European country has legalized recreational use of cannabis, several countries, but not Sweden, have decriminalized it. Although we hitherto have a relatively low prevalence of users compared to other countries, Swedish policy is criticized. Strong voices advocate legalization. It is hypothesized that a legalization would minimize adolescent access, ensure quality control, make consumption safer and raise tax revenue. Furthermore, it is assumed to diminish the illicit drug market and drug related crimes. However, the legalization in the US and Canada has instead made cannabis more available to users by innovative marketing and product development, while the illegal market persists. Meanwhile the price of cannabis decreases and potency, which are related to many of the risks, increases. Cannabis-related harms include e.g. cognitive impairment, psychosis and psychosocial problems. The long-term effects from legalization is yet to be seen.
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| 2. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Joint Hypermobility in Paediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome : A Preliminary Case-Control Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Individuals with generalised joint hypermobility (GJH, present in 10–20% of the general population) are at increased risk of being diagnosed with a range of psychiatric and rheumatological conditions. It is unknown whether Paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), characterised by childhood onset obsessive-compulsive disorder or restricted eating and typically associated with several comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms, is associated with GJH. It is also unknown whether extensive psychiatric comorbidity is associated with GJH.Method: This is a case-control study including 105 participants. We compared three groups: Individuals with PANS, individuals with other mental disorders and healthy controls. Joint mobility was assessed with the Beighton scoring system, psychiatric comorbidity with the M.I.N.I. or MINI-KID interview and symptoms of PANS with the PsychoNeuroInflammatory related Signs and Symptoms Inventory (PNISSI).Results: Hypermobility was similar across groups, and high rates of psychiatric comorbidity was not associated with higher Beighton scores.Conclusion: Although GJH is associated with several psychiatric conditions, such as ADHD and anxiety, this does not seem to be the case for PANS according to this preliminary study.
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| 3. |
- Glans, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Association between adult adhd and generalised joint hypermobility, with and without systemic manifestations : A case-control study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 64:Suppl. 1, s. S89-S89
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: There is growing evidence that generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) is associated with several psychiatric conditions. There are no previous studies on adult ADHD.Objectives: To evaluate, in a large Swedish sample, if generalised joint hypermobility and adult ADHD are associated.Methods: 431 adults with ADHD and 417 controls were included. GJH was assessed by the Beighton Score, a physical examination, and the 5PQ, a self-report screening tool. Exploratively, reported musculoskeletal symptoms and abnormal skin manifestations suggestive of symptomatic GJH (e.g. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), were assessed to differentiate this group from the general GJH group. Logistic regressions determined the influence of an ADHD diagnosis and known covariates (age, sex and ethnicity) on GJH and symptomatic GJH respectively.Results: ADHD was associated to GJH, as defined by the Beighton Score and the 5PQ, with adjusted odds ratios of 4.65 (CI 95% 3.01-7.18, p<.005) and 1.86 (CI 95% 1.39-2.48, p<.005), respectively. Likewise, ADHD and symptomatic GJH were associated withadjusted odds ratios of 6.94 (CI 95% 4.05-11.89, p<.005) and 2.66 (CI 95% 1.94-3.66, p<.005).Conclusions: GJH and adult ADHD are associated conditions. Symptomatic GJH, defined as additional symptoms of pain and/or skin manifestations, has a considerably stronger link to adult ADHD than unspecific GJH has. GJH may represent a marker of an underlying systemic disorder with physical manifestations in connective tissue as well as behavioural manifestations including hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness. Future studies should investigate if this represents a novel subtype of ADHD and if symptomatic GJH affects the ADHD management.
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| 4. |
- Glans, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Association between adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and generalised joint hypermobility : A cross-sectional case control comparison
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 143, s. 334-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing evidence suggests an unexpected association between generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) and several psychiatric conditions, and a shared pathophysiology has been proposed. No previous studies on adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are available. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adult ADHD and GJH. A total of 431 adults with ADHD and 417 non-ADHD controls were included in this cross-sectional comparative study. GJH was assessed by physical examination following the Beighton scoring system (BSS). Furthermore, musculoskeletal symptoms and skin abnormalities were queried to create a proxy for symptomatic GJH (e.g., Hypermobility spectrum disorders and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) to differentiate this from non-specified GJH defined by BSS only. Logistic regression examined the influence of ADHD and candidate covariates (age, sex, ethnicity) on GJH and symptomatic GJH, respectively. ADHD was significantly associated with GJH, as defined by the BSS, with adjusted odds ratios of 4.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-7.2, p < .005). Likewise, ADHD was significantly associated with symptomatic GJH, as defined by the BSS and additional symptoms, with adjusted odds ratios of 6.9 (CI 95% 4.1-11.9, p < .005). Our results suggest that GJH may represent a marker for an underlying systemic disorder involving both connective tissue and the central nervous system. GJH with additional musculoskeletal symptoms and/or skin abnormalities has a considerable stronger link to adult ADHD than non-specified GJH has, and may need awareness in ADHD management. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms behind this association and how comorbid GJH affects ADHD outcome.
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