| 1. |
- Donis, Daphne, et al.
(författare)
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Stratification strength and light climate explain variation in chlorophyll a at the continental scale in a European multilake survey in a heatwave summer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 66:12, s. 4314-4333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the drivers of phytoplankton biomass, we collected standardized morphometric, physical, and biological data in 230 lakes across the Mediterranean, Continental, and Boreal climatic zones of the European continent. Multilinear regression models tested on this snapshot of mostly eutrophic lakes (median total phosphorus [TP] = 0.06 and total nitrogen [TN] = 0.7 mg L-1), and its subsets (2 depth types and 3 climatic zones), show that light climate and stratification strength were the most significant explanatory variables for chlorophyll a (Chl a) variance. TN was a significant predictor for phytoplankton biomass for shallow and continental lakes, while TP never appeared as an explanatory variable, suggesting that under high TP, light, which partially controls stratification strength, becomes limiting for phytoplankton development. Mediterranean lakes were the warmest yet most weakly stratified and had significantly less Chl a than Boreal lakes, where the temperature anomaly from the long-term average, during a summer heatwave was the highest (+4 degrees C) and showed a significant, exponential relationship with stratification strength. This European survey represents a summer snapshot of phytoplankton biomass and its drivers, and lends support that light and stratification metrics, which are both affected by climate change, are better predictors for phytoplankton biomass in nutrient-rich lakes than nutrient concentrations and surface temperature.
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| 2. |
- Luque, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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Noncanonical immunomodulatory activity of complement regulator C4BP(β-) limits the development of lupus nephritis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Kidney International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0085-2538. ; 97:3, s. 551-566
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lupus nephritis is a chronic autoimmune-inflammatory condition that can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Presently available immunosuppressive treatments for lupus nephritis are suboptimal and can induce significant side effects. Recently, we characterized a novel immunomodulatory activity of the minor isoform of the classical pathway complement inhibitor, C4BP(β-). We show here that C4BP(β-) treatment prevented the development of proteinuria and albuminuria, decreased significantly the formation of anti-dsDNA antibodies and, locally, mitigated renal glomerular IgG and C3 deposition and generation of apoptotic cells. There was a consequent histological improvement and increased survival in lupus-prone mice. The therapeutic efficacy of C4BP(β-) was analogous to that of the broad-acting immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide. Remarkably, a comparative transcriptional profiling analysis revealed that the kidney gene expression signature resulting from C4BP(β-) treatment turned out to be 10 times smaller than that induced by cyclophosphamide treatment. C4BP(β-) immunomodulation induced significant downregulation of transcripts relevant to lupus nephritis indicating immunopathogenic cell infiltration, including activated T cells (Lat), B cells (Cd19, Ms4a1, Tnfrsf13c), inflammatory phagocytes (Irf7) and neutrophils (Prtn3, S100a8, S100a9). Furthermore, cytokine profiling and immunohistochemistry confirmed that C4BP(β-), through systemic and local CXCL13 downregulation, was able to prevent ectopic lymphoid structures neogenesis in aged mice with lupus nephritis. Thus, due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities and high specificity, C4BP(β-) could be considered for further clinical development in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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