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- Bruze, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Patch test concentrations (doses in mg/cm(2) ) for the 12 non-mix fragrance substances regulated by European legislation.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 66:3, s. 131-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. According to EU legislation, 26 fragrance substance allergens must be labelled on cosmetic products. For 12 of them, the optimal patch test concentration/dose has not been evaluated. Objectives. To establish the optimal patch test doses in mg/cm(2) for the 12 fragrance substances that are not included in fragrance mix I or II in the European baseline patch test series. Materials and Methods. Patch testing with the 12 fragrance substances was performed in a stepwise manner encompassing up to five rounds in at least 100 dermatitis patients for each round. Before patch testing, an individual maximum concentration/dose was determined for each fragrance substance. Results. The predetermined maximum patch test concentrations/doses could be tested for all 12 fragrance substances, with no observable adverse reactions being noted. Conclusions. For each fragrance substance investigated, it is recommended that half of the maximum patch test dose (mg/cm(2) ) be used for aimed and screening patch testing.
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- Engfeldt, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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The outcome of 9 years of consecutive patch testing with 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 68:2, s. 98-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Two outbreaks of allergic contact dermatitis caused by isocyanates at two companies in southern Sweden initiated a research project focusing on contact allergy to isocyanates. Within the project, there was an interest in determining how often contact allergy to the most common isocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI), occurred. Objectives: To determine and compare the occurrence of contact allergy to 4,4'-MDI, its corresponding amine 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-MDA), and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) in a Swedish and a Belgian study population. Patients and method. The study population consisted of 6190 consecutively patch tested dermatitis patients: 5690 patients from Malmö, Sweden, and 500 patients from Leuven, Belgium. Patch test results were analysed and compared. Results. None of the Belgian patients reacted positively to 4,4'-MDI, but 5 Swedish patients did. Contact allergy to 4,4'-MDA was more common in the Belgian patients than in the Swedish patients: 3.6% and 0.9%, respectively. This could possibly be explained by the fact that the prevalence of p-phenylenediamine allergy was higher in the Belgian population. Conclusions: The prevalence of contact allergy to 4,4'-MDI, 4,4'-MDA and PMDI is not high enough to justify their inclusion in any baseline series. Isocyanate allergic individuals should be detected by aimed testing with isocyanate series and work materials.
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- Goon, Anthony, et al.
(författare)
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High frequency of false-positive reactions in attempted patch testing with acrylate/methacrylate mixes.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 67:3, s. 157-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although acrylate/methacrylate allergy has been frequently reported, until now patch testing with this group of allergens has been unwieldy, requiring the application of large supplementary series in most centres. Objectives: To formulate and evaluate two mixes of acrylate/methacrylate allergens in three centres (Malmö, Singapore, and Leuven). Patients/materials/methods: All patients tested with the baseline series during the study period were also patch tested with the mixes. Mix 1 consisted of: triethyleneglycol diacrylate (TREGDA) 0.1% wt/wt, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) 1.0% wt/wt and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate 1.0% wt/wt in petrolatum. Mix 2 consisted of: TREGDA 0.1% wt/wt and 2-HEMA 2.0% wt/wt in pet. The separate components of the two mixes were also tested simultaneously. Results. There were 25 (5 males; 20 females) positive reactions to mix 1 with 16 in Malmö, 8 in Singapore, and 1 in Leuven. Positive reactions to mix 2 were seen only in Malmö, in 8 female patients. Thus, the positive reaction rate for mix 1 was 8.3% overall (Malmö 7.7%, Singapore 18.6%, and Leuven 2.1%), and that for mix 2 was 2.7% overall (Malmö 3.8%, Singapore 0%, and Leuven 0%). Of the 16 positive reactions to mix 1 in Malmö, only 4 were considered to be true allergic reactions, as the component allergen testing gave totally negative results in 12/16. For mix 2, only 3/8 positive reactions were considered to be true allergic reactions, as the component testing was negative in 5/8. Many doubtful (10-20%) and positive but non-allergic reactions were recorded, leading to early termination of the study. Conclusions: Although this was an unsuccessful attempt to formulate an acrylate/methacrylate mix, our experience will be useful for those embarking on future attempts to do this.
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