| 1. |
- Sinclair, P., et al.
(författare)
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First Inventory of Access and Quality of Metabolic Surgery Across Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 31, s. 5196-5206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Europe consists of 51 independent countries. Variation in healthcare regulations results in differing challenges faced by patients and professionals. This study aimed to gain more insight into the accessibility, patient pathway and quality indicators of metabolic and body contouring surgery. Methods and Materials Expert representatives in the metabolic field from all 51 countries were sent an electronic self-administered online questionnaire on their data and experiences from the previous year exploring accessibility to and quality indicators for metabolic surgery and plastic surgery after weight loss. Results Forty-five responses were collected. Sixty-eight percent of countries had eligibility criteria for metabolic surgery; 59% adhered to the guidelines. Forty-six percent had reimbursement criteria for metabolic surgery. Forty-one percent had eligibility criteria for plastic surgery and 31% reimbursement criteria. Average tariffs for a metabolic procedure varied (sic)800 to 16,000. MDTs were mandated in 78%, with team members varying significantly. Referral practices differed. In 45%, metabolic surgery is performed by pure metabolic surgeons, whilst re-operations were performed by a metabolic surgeon in 28%. A metabolic training programme was available in 23%. Access to metabolic surgery was rated poor to very poor in 33%. Thirty-five percent had a bariatric registry. Procedure numbers and numbers of hospitals performing metabolic surgery varied significantly. Twenty-four percent of countries required a minimum procedure number for metabolic centres, which varied from 25 to 200 procedures. Conclusion There are myriad differences between European countries in terms of accessibility to and quality indicators of metabolic surgery. Lack of funding, education and structure fuels this disparity. Criteria should be standardised across Europe with clear guidelines.
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| 2. |
- Sinclair, P., et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9147 .- 1530-8561. ; 64:1, s. 72-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Obesity can be defined as a chronic subcortical brain disease, as there is an important neurophysiological component to its etiology based on changes in the functioning of those areas of the brain controlling food intake and reward. Extensive metabolic changes accompany bariatric surgery-based treatment of obesity. Consequently, the term "metabolic" surgery is being increasingly adopted in relation to the beneficial effects these procedures have on chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes. CONTENT: In the present review, we focus on the key biochemical and physiological changes induced by metabolic surgery and highlight the beneficial effects accrued systemically with the use of an organ-based approach. Understanding the impact on and interactions between the gut, brain, adipose tissue, liver, muscle, pancreas, and kidney is key to understanding the sum of the metabolic effects of these operations. SUMMARY: Further mechanistic studies are essential to assess the true potential of metabolic surgery to treat metabolic comorbidities of obesity beyond type 2 diabetes. Approaches that may mitigate the metabolic side effects of surgery also require attention. Understanding the positive impact of metabolic surgery on metabolic health may result in a wider acceptance of this intervention as treatment for metabolic, comorbid conditions.
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| 3. |
- Sinclair, Paul, 1949-
(författare)
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Staden som idé och tanke
- 2012
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Ingår i: Miljöhistorier: Personliga, lokala, globala berättelser om dåtid, nutid och framtid.. - Uppsala : CSD Uppsala och Institution för arkeologi och antik historia, Uppsala universitet. - 9789150623208 ; , s. 37-44
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Städer ingår i det mänskliga tänkandet, de bebyggs, utvecklas och överges som ett resultat av mänskliga beslut och handlingar. Vi blir alltmer medvetna om samspelet mellan tanke och handling och miljön både på lokal och regional skala. Ibland låser stadsplanering, befolkningstryck och ekonomi in stadens invånare i beteenden och skeenden som gör att den ekologiska kapaciteten i staden och dess omland överskrids. Men det är tranformation snarare än kollaps som står i fokus i våra studier. Städer flyttas eller ombildas, dess organisation och funktion förändras och dess befolkning är ofta blandad med stor ekonomisk, social och kulturell mångfald. Det råder föga tvivel i våra sinnen att städers hållbarhetsproblematik är central när det gäller att bemöta de mångfacetterade och allvarliga globala förändringar som vi alla står inför i dag. En ofta citerad men högst relevant iakttagelse är att mer än hälften av världens befolkning nu bor i städer. Städer utgör på så sätt både ursprunget till och samtidigt den potentiella lösningen på de hållbarhetsproblem vi ser idag.
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| 4. |
- Akiyama, Shigeki, et al.
(författare)
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On the hausdorff dimension of bernoulli convolutions
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Mathematics Research Notices. - 1073-7928. ; 2020:19, s. 6569-6595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We give an expression for the Garsia entropy of Bernoulli convolutions in terms of products of matrices. This gives an explicit rate of convergence of the Garsia entropy and shows that one can calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the Bernoulli convolution νβ to arbitrary given accuracy whenever β is algebraic. In particular, if the Garsia entropy H(β) is not equal to log(β) then we have a finite time algorithm to determine whether or not dimH(νβ) = 1.
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| 5. |
- Akiyama, T., et al.
(författare)
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Absolute Configuration of β- and α-Asymmetric Carbons within β-O-4-Structures in Hardwood Lignin
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-2319 .- 0277-3813. ; 35:1, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we investigated the proportion of erythro-and threo-forms of beta-O-4-ether structures and their enantiomeric compositions in hardwood lignin by applying the ozonation method to birch wood meal. Optical activity was not substantially observed in either the erythronic or threonic acids obtained as the ozonation products of beta-O-4-structures in birch wood meal. The proportions of the four stereoisomeric forms {(alpha S,beta R)-erythro, (alpha R,beta R)-threo, (alpha S,beta S)-threo, and (alpha R,beta S)-erythro forms} were estimated to be 37-38%, 13-14%, 12-13%, and 36-37% based on the yields of erythronic and threonic acids, and on their optical activities. The proportions suggest that the entire components of beta-O-4-ether structures in birch wood lignin have R-and S-configurations at the beta-carbon in approximately the same quantities {(beta R)-beta-O-4-structure: (beta S)-beta-O-4structure = 50-52: 48-50}; i.e., that the beta-ether structures are essentially racemic. This estimation implies that, during lignin biosynthesis, an equal number of enantiomeric forms of beta-O-4-bonded quinone methides were formed by radical coupling reactions.
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| 6. |
- Björnson, Emil, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Receive combining vs. multistream multiplexing in multiuser MIMO systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Communication Technologies Workshop (Swe-CTW), 2011 IEEE Swedish. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781457718779 ; , s. 103-108
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In single-user transmission, the receive antennas should preferably be used to enable multiplexing. The situation is different under multiuser transmission, where only the number of transmit antennas limits the multiplexing gain. The system therefore has the choice between sending one stream per scheduled user (i.e., combining receive antennas for diversity) or selecting a smaller number of users and multiplex multiple streams to each of them. This tradeoff is investigated herein, based on zero-forcing (with receive antenna combining) and block-diagonalization precoding which represents the two extremes. Based on asymptotic analysis and numerical examples, the unexpected conclusion is that each user only should receive one stream and use its antennas to achieve a receive combining gain. This is explained by zero-forcing having a stronger resilience towards spatial correlation and larger benefit from multiuser diversity. This fundamental result has positive implications for the design of multiuser systems as it reduces the hardware constraints at the user devices.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Di Lorenzo Tillborg, Adriana
(författare)
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Music and Democracy: Leadership Positioning in Relation to Policy Enacting and Inclusion of Children and Adolescents with (Dis)abilities in Sweden’s Art and Music Schools
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper exposes and problematises the situation of children and adolescents with (dis)abilities in relation to Sweden’s Art and Music Schools during the time period of a national policy process.Many researchers in the Nordic countries have raised aspects of democracy in music education, as a path toward the inclusion of all children. The inclusion of children and adolescents with (dis)abilities is the aspect of democracy in music education in focus for this paper. In order to actively work towards focusing on their abilities to promote inclusion, I choose to add parenthesis when applying the concept (dis)abilities.The data consists of questions from a national survey sent to all Art and Music School leaders, three focus group conversations with a total of eighteen Art and Music School leaders and individual telephone interviews with four other Art and Music School leaders.The aim of this paper is to investigate, from leadership perspectives, whether children and adolescents with (dis)abilities are included in Art and Music Schools.The research questions are:• How do Art and Music School leaders talk about childrenand adolescents with (dis)abilities?• How do Art and Music School leaders position themselvesregarding inclusion of children and adolescents with (dis)abilities in Art and Music School activities?17A social constructionist framework makes it possible to refer to the concept of disability as socially constructed, focusing on the responsibility of society – or specifically Art and Music Schools – in making changes to include individuals with disabilities. Exposing the repressed and excluded discourses can be a way to counteract marginalisation and promote democracy.The results reveal that even though most Art and Music Schools work towards inclusion of children and adolescents with (dis)abilitites, there still are Art and Music Schools in Sweden where children and adolescents with (dis)abilities are not included in the activities.
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| 10. |
- Drotz, Erik, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Lean in healthcare from the employee perspective
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PurposeSeveral studies may be found on how Lean production is implemented in healthcare. Most articles include single case studies and are often published in medical journals. There is however a different tradition on how research is performed in medical and management sciences. The medical studies describe the state before and after an intervention or improvement program, but rarely pay attention to the implementation process and consider such important issues such as leadership, management processes and employee's role. There is a need for more management studies on Lean healthcare that focus not only on outcomes, but also on the context and factors that influence outcomes.The purpose of the article is to contribute to the knowledge on how Lean production influences the daily work and routines of healthcare staff.What does it mean to employees to work in a Lean healthcare unit?How does a Lean implementation affect the role and responsibilities of the employees?Methodology/Approach:The data described in this paper comes from three case studies performed in healthcare organizations: two district care centres and one hospital unit. The data was collected through interviews, both with managers and employees, observations and document studies. The case organizations were described as successful Lean organizations and had worked with Lean for at least three years.FindingsThe implementation of Lean production often implies increased responsibility of employees for management of daily activities and increased participation in the improvement work. The influence of Lean on the daily work is however to great extent a matter of how the implementation is managed. In one case, Lean had been implemented by discrete projects, mainly conducted by the manager group with little effort on empowering the employees, increasing two-way communication and involvement in improvement work. Therefore, the role of the employees did not change much in conjunction with the Lean implementation. On the contrary, at another case the managers put a lot effort on coaching, developing and empowering the employees, and the improvement work had become an important working task for all employees. This led to a substantial improvement in the social climate, since the former barriers between different professions were weakened and the teamwork had increased.The conclusion is that there are great potential benefits with a Lean implementation for the employees, but this can only be realized if the implementation is managed with a focus on the development of employees and a more open social structure. An important method to facilitate this is improvement groups with employees from different professions and functions within the organization that has an explicit ownership of the improvements, from idea to realization. Originality/Value of paper:Lean Healthcare is relatively a new phenomenon and more research work is needed to determine the full range of implications of the concept. The paper increases the understanding of what Lean production actually means to the healthcare staff. This knowledge is vital for the success and sustainability of Lean improvement programs in healthcare. The paper is also an inspiring source for both researchers and healthcare professional who are interested in the application of lean production in healthcare.
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