| 1. |
- Grahn, J. V., et al.
(författare)
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A low-complexity 62-GHz f(T) SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor process using differential epitaxy and in situ phosphorus-doped poly-Si emitter at very low thermal budget
- 2000
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Ingår i: Solid-State Electronics. - 0038-1101 .- 1879-2405. ; 44:3, s. 549-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low-complexity SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor process based on differential epitaxy and in situ phosphorus doped polysilicon emitter technology is described. Silane-based chemical vapor deposition at reduced pressure was used for low-temperature SiGe epitaxy. Following SiGe epitaxy, the process temperature budget was kept very low with 900 degrees C for 10 s as the highest temperature step. A very high current gain of almost 2000 and cut off frequency of 62 GHz were achieved for a uniform 12% Ge profile. The breakdown voltage BVCEO and forward Early voltage were equal to 2.9 and 6.5 V, respectively.
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| 2. |
- Joss, D. T., et al.
(författare)
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Recoil decay tagging of gamma rays in the extremely neutron-deficient nucleus Os-162
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 70:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neutron-deficient nucleus Os-162, produced in the Cd-106(Ni-58,2n) reaction, has been studied using the JUROGAM gamma-ray spectrometer in conjunction with the RITU gas-filled separator and the GREAT focal plane spectrometer. gamma-ray transitions in Os-162 have been assigned for the first time through the application of the recoil decay tagging technique. The excitation energy of the 2(+) state and the tentative energy of the 8(+) state are discussed in terms of the systematic energy trends as the N=82 shell gap is approached.
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| 3. |
- Bergstrom, S M, et al.
(författare)
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The stratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician carbonate mounds in the subsurface of Gotland
- 2004
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Ingår i: GFF. - 2000-0863. ; 126:3, s. 289-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a revision of the stratigraphic classification of the subsurface Upper Ordovician succession of Gotland, the terms Lower and Upper Ostersjo Limestone are rejected and replaced by the Slandrom Limestone and the File Limestone, respectively. Two mound generations are recognized, the Rakveran-Nabalan Liste mounds and the Pirguan Klasen mounds, the latter being by far the most common. Both occur not only in the Gotland subsurface but also in submarine areas off Gotland. Moderately diverse conodont collections retrieved from core samples in and around carbonate mounds provide the first direct biostratigraphic dates of these structures. Samples from the Liste mounds contain species of the Amorphognathus superbus Zone. Besides the zonal index and numerous specimens of Panderodus, there are representatives of Amorphognathus complicatus Rhodes, Belodina confluens Sweet, Decoriconus cosvulatus (Rexroad), Protopanderodus liripipus Kennedy, Barnes & Uyeno, Pseudooneotodus mitratus (Moskalenko), Dapsilodus sp., Besselodus? sp. and a few other taxa. The Klasen mounds have not yet produced biostratigraphically diagnostic conodonts but comparison with non-mound successions indicate that they belong to the A. ordovicicus Zone. Their biostratigraphic age suggests that the Liste mounds may be slightly younger than the Kullsberg mounds, and the Klasen mounds equivalent to the Boda mounds, in the Siljan district.
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| 4. |
- Diligent, O, et al.
(författare)
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The low-frequency reflection and scattering of the S0 Lamb mode from a circular through-thickness hole in a plate: Finite Element, analytical and experimental studies
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 1520-8524 .- 0001-4966. ; 112:6, s. 2589-2601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study of the interaction of the S0 Lamb wave with a circular through-thickness hole in a plate is presented. The study is limited to the nondispersive frequency range of this wave, in which the distributions of stress and displacement are simple. This allows a Finite Element analysis to be undertaken using a two-dimensional membrane discretization. Predictions of the direct reflection of the S0 mode and the lateral scattering of the SH0 mode are made for a range of diameters of the hole. At the same time, an analytical solution based on modal superposition is developed, and this is also used to predict the reflection and scattering coefficients. Both sets of predictions are validated by experimental measurements. It is found that the trends of the reflection coefficients for different hole diameters, frequencies and distances from the hole satisfy a simple normalization. On a detailed scale, the functions exhibit undulations which are shown to result from the interference of the direct reflection with secondary reflections which arrive slightly later.
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| 5. |
- Grahn, Birgitta E M, et al.
(författare)
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Motivated patients are more cost-effectively rehabilitated - A two-year prospective controlled study of patients with prolonged musculoskeletal disorders diagnosed in primary care
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. - 0266-4623 .- 1471-6348. ; 16:3, s. 849-863
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To compare the cost-effectiveness of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program with traditional treatment within primary care in terms of the health-related duality of life (HRQOL) in patients with prolonged musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) on the one hand and the costs to society on the other. Predictors of total costs, such as motivation, socio-economic level, age, pain, and working environment, were investigated. Methods: A prospective, matched, controlled 2-year follow-up study was designed. The main outcome measures were HRQOL using the Nottingham Health profile (NHP) and patient-specific total costs due to society. The cost-effectiveness was expressed as a quotient of the total costs to society/NHP global score difference value. Results: Patients with prolonged MSD generate substantial total costs to society, chiefly in the area of indirect costs. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation improved HRQOL more cost-effectively. Motivation was revealed as a predictor of total costs. The relationship in savings in terms of indirect costs between the highly-motivated and the less-motivated patients was calculated at 4:1. Conclusions: The large group of patients with prolonged MSD generate substantial total costs, and even small reductions in direct and indirect costs could be of importance to society. The multidisciplinary rehabilitation program applied here was more cost-effective as compared with conventional treatment within primary care when it came to improving the patients perceived HRQOL. Motivation could be a predictor of total costs, which has to be addressed in the process of identifying the patient as a partner in the rehabilitation process.
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| 6. |
- Grahn, B.E.M., et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitation benefits highly motivated patients : A six-year prospective cost-effectiveness study
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. - 0266-4623 .- 1471-6348. ; 20:2, s. 214-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To compare the six-year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program with continued care within primary care in terms of health-related quality of life and cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, predictors of total costs to society were examined. Methods: A prospective, matched, controlled, six-year follow-up was designed. The study included 236 patients (42 men, 194 women) nineteen to sixty-one years of age with prolonged musculoskeletal disorders. The intervention comprised a four-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation and an active one-year follow-up based on a bio-psycho-social approach. The control group received continued care within primary care. The main outcome measures were quality of life measured using the Nottingham Health Profile, motivation identified by an interview and patient-specific total costs to society. Differences in mean costs between groups and cost-effectiveness were evaluated by applying nonparametric bootstrapping techniques. Results: Total costs per treated patient in the rehabilitation group and the control group were £43,464 (SD = 31,093) and £44,123 (SD = 33,333), respectively (p=.896). Multidisciplinary rehabilitation improved quality of life somewhat more cost-effectively. Motivation was revealed as a predictor of total costs. Conclusion: In the long-run, the evaluated multidisciplinary rehabilitation improved the highly motivated patients' quality of life most cost-effectively. The latently motivated patients may require rehabilitation, which is less intensive and with a longer duration, to improve their health in a whole-person perspective. The burden of prolonged musculoskeletal disorders to society was reaffirmed. Motivation could be a predictor of total costs, a factor which has to be taken into account in the examination procedure.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Grahn Kronhed, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of short-term balance training on community-dwelling older adults
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. - 1063-8652 .- 1543-267X. ; 9:1, s. 19-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated a balance-training program's influence in healthy older adults. Fifteen community-dwelling participants aged 70Ð75 years were randomized to an exercise group, and 15 gender- and age-matched participants, to a control group. The 9-week training program comprised ordinary-life balance, vestibular-habituation, and ball exercises and station training. Clinical balance tests were conducted before and after training. Tests that showed significant improvement in the exercise group after the intervention included standing on the right leg with eyes closed, standing on the right leg and the left leg while turning the head and walking 30 m. Significant between-group differences were found at posttest. A significant decrease was seen in the control group in the walking-forward test, and this change was significantly different between groups. The study indicates that balance performance in healthy older adults might be improved by balance training including exercises that stimulate multiple sensory systems and their central integration.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Ann-Sofi, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in balance performance in physically active elderly people aged 73-80
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5505 .- 1940-2228. ; 32:4, s. 168-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In our hospital in 1989 a series of 30 healthy elderly people participated in a study to evaluate the effect of physical training on improving balance. Thereafter, the majority of the people in this group continued with some kind of balance training. Seven years later we followed up 17 of the people who had participated in the original study. We wanted to evaluate the balance performance of these physically active elderly people (mean age 80.5 years) and compare it with their balance performance 7 years previously. Balance was found to be significantly impaired compared with 1989 in four out of six static balance tests. The time required to walk 30 m had increased significantly. The subjective ratings of vertigo and balance problems had not changed significantly, neither had the number of correct steps when walking forwards on one line and backwards between two lines. In dynamic posturography, the test with sway-referenced visual cues showed improved postural control, but no change in sway was seen in the other five sensory conditions. When sudden backward translations of the platform occurred, increased latencies of force response were seen.
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