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- Bjelland, E. K., et al.
(författare)
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Hormonal contraception and pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy : a population study of 91 721 pregnancies in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 28:11, s. 3134-3140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is pre-pregnancy hormonal contraception use associated with the development of pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy? In contrast to combined oral contraceptive pills, long lifetime exposure to progestin-only contraceptive pills or the use of a progestin intrauterine device during the final year before pregnancy were associated with pelvic girdle pain. Pelvic girdle pain severely affects many women during pregnancy. Smaller studies have suggested that hormonal contraceptive use is involved in the underlying mechanisms, but evidence is inconclusive. A population study during the years 19992008. A total of 91 721 pregnancies included in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Data were obtained by two self-administered questionnaires during pregnancy weeks 17 and 30. Pelvic girdle pain was present in 12.9 of women who had used combined oral contraceptive pills during the last pre-pregnancy year, 16.4 of women who had used progestin-only contraceptive pills, 16.7 of women who had progestin injections and 20.7 of women who had used progestin intrauterine devices, compared with 15.3 of women who did not report use of hormonal contraceptives. After adjustment for other study factors, the use of a progestin intrauterine device was the only factor based on the preceding year associated with pelvic girdle pain [adjusted odds ratios (OR) 1.20; 95 confidence interval (CI): 1.111.31]. Long lifetime exposure to progestin-only contraceptive pills was also associated with pelvic girdle pain (adjusted OR 1.49; 95 CI: 1.012.20). The participation rate was 38.5. However, a recent study on the potential biases of skewed selection in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study found the prevalence estimates but not the exposure-outcome associations to be influenced by the selection. The results suggest that combined oral contraceptives can be used without fear of developing pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. However, the influence of progestin intrauterine devices and long-term exposure to progestin-only contraceptive pills requires further study. The present study was supported by the Norwegian Research Council. None of the authors has a conflict of interest.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Gudbjornsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) in the Nordic countries : demographics and disease status. The Nordic PAM study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 42:5, s. 373-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) in the Nordic countries. Method: Patients with putative PAM aged >= 18 years were recruited. Fifty-nine patients were included after clinical examination. Results: The prevalence of PAM in the adult Nordic population was estimated to be 3.69 per million inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.75-4.63]. The female to male ratio was close to 1:1. The mean age of skin disease onset was 25 years and the mean age of onset of joint disease was 30 years. The onset of skin disease was 2 years earlier among female patients. At inclusion, the mean duration of arthritis was 27 +/- 11 years for male patients and 33 +/- 11 years for female patients. PAM was most frequently seen in the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the toes, followed by the IP joint of the thumb and the DIP joint of the little finger on the left hand. Female and male patients had similar numbers of painful and swollen joints. Enthesitis was found in 19 patients (32%), while 38 patients (64%) had a history of dactylitis. Twenty-three of these 38 patients (61%) had a history of dactylitis in the same finger/toe as they had PAM. At the time of inclusion, 45% of the patients were found to have clear or almost clear skin. Conclusions: PAM in the Nordic countries has a low prevalence, with only three to five cases per million inhabitants. The majority of the patients present with mild skin disease.
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| 6. |
- Kohlmann, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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A quantum standard for sampled electrical measurements-Main goals and first results of the EMRP project Q-WAVE
- 2014
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Ingår i: 29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, CPEM 2014. ; , s. 522-523
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Josephson voltage standards are well established for use at dc and low-frequency ac voltages. The increasing demand i) to provide traceability for arbitrary waveforms, ii) to extend the range of use to higher frequencies, and iii) to improve the accuracy is being addressed in the project Q-WAVE, which is jointly funded by the European Union and the participating countries within the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP). Here, sampling measurements and procedures using binary-divided 1 V and 10 V arrays are investigated. In addition, a quantum-based analogue-to-digital converter for direct measurements of arbitrary waveforms is under development. It will contain several Josephson arrays in series biased by a pulse drive based on opto-electronics, in order to increase the output voltage.
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| 7. |
- Lerang, K., et al.
(författare)
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Mortality and years of potential life loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lupus. - : SAGE Publications. - 0961-2033 .- 1477-0962. ; 23:14, s. 1546-1552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sources were used to identify 325 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients within the city of Oslo during 1999-2009 who met >= 4 of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. The survival, standard mortality rate (SMR), years of potential life loss before 60 years of age (YPLL60) and causes of death of these patients were examined and compared to a matched control population. Only inception cases (127) were studied in the calculation of survival. The analysis includes underlying, immediate and contributing causes of death. The five-and 10-year survival was 95% and 90%, respectively, which was significantly reduced when compared to the general population. A total of 50 SLE patients died during the study period. Overall SMR was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-3.8) with the highest SMR found for female patients aged 16-39 years old. SLE patients had a 10 times higher rate of YPLL60 compared to the control group. YPLL emphasizes active disease and reduces the importance of cancer as a cause of death in SLE. This study demonstrates that YPLL gives additional and useful information for the prognosis of SLE, supplementing traditional methods of measuring mortality.
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