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- Berghel, Jonas, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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From sawdust to pellets. Still a challenge...
- 2012
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Ingår i: Public Service Review European Union. - : European union. ; :33, s. 398-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Berghel, Jonas, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Lösningarna finns! Är pelletsproducenterna medvetna om problemen?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bioenergi. - Gävle : Region Gävleborg. - 9789163391262 ; , s. 25-29
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige är inte längre världsledande som pelletsproducent. USA producerar allra mest pellets i världen. Kanada och Ryssland producerar också allt mer pellets. Ingen av dessa länder har någon omfattande inhemsk konsumtion. I stort sett all pellets exporteras och det sker huvudsakligen till Europa. Sannolikt kommer det att leda till att priset på pellets i Europa sjunker, med följd att lönsamheten för svenska pelletsproducenter minskar.
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| 4. |
- Berghel, Jonas, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of kraft lignin additives on wood fuel pellet quality, energy use and shelf life
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fuel processing technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-3820 .- 1873-7188. ; 112:0, s. 64-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2011, the total consumption of pellets in Sweden amounted to 1.9 million tons, which represents an energy value of 9 TWh. The pellets are used in large-scale as well as in small-scale applications, and increased demands on pellet quality are likely to force pellet producers to improve on the pellet properties. One way of increasing pellet quality is by using additives. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to examine kraft lignin as an additive. Pelletswere produced in a small industrial pellet press located at KarlstadUniversity, Karlstad, Sweden, and 1–4% of kraft lignin was added to the pellets. The results indicate that the addition of an increased amount of kraft lignin to the pellets increases their mechanical durability and their lengths. The results also indicate that dry kraft lignin yields pellets with higher durability as compared to wet kraft lignin. The energy demand was unaffected by the increased use of kraft lignin. The general results presented in this paper are useful for producers of lignin, pellet producers and end-users of pellets, who are interested in developing their products and/or improving the production processes.
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| 10. |
- Ståhl, Magnus, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on Pellet Properties and Energy Use When Starch Is Added in the Wood-Fuel Pelletizing Process
- 2012
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - Washington DC, Oxford UK : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 26:3, s. 1937-1945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production and use of wood-fuel pellets have increased significantly worldwide in recent years. The increased use of biomaterials has resulted in higher raw material prices, and there are no signs that indicate a decrease in raw material competition. Additives can be used for different purposes. Partly, they are used to facilitate the use of new raw materials to increase the raw material base, and partly, they are used to decrease the energy use in the pelletizing process. They are also used to increase durability or shelf life. Consequently, it is necessary to do research that systematically investigates the consequences of using additives. In this work, it is investigated how various percentages of different kinds of starch influence pellet properties, including shelf life and energy use in the pelletizing process. Four different starch grades were used: native wheat starch, oxidized corn starch, native potato starch, and oxidized potato starch. The pellets were produced in a small industrial pellet press located at Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden. The result shows that starch increases the durability of the pellets. Oxidized starches increase the durability more than native starches, and the best results were obtained by adding oxidized corn starch. The durability did not decrease with storage time when the pellets were stored indoors during 7 months. The oxidation process was not consistently altered by the addition of starch. The energy consumption of the pellet press decreases when starch is added. Again, the oxidized corn starch showed the best result; when 2.8% of corn starch was added, the average energy consumption was reduced by 14%
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