| 1. |
- Biglarnia, Ali-Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Transplantation av pankreas botande alternativ vid typ 1-diabetes : [Transplantation of pancreas, a curative option for type 1 diabetes]
- 2012
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 109:39-40, s. 1754-1757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past decade, pancreas transplantation (PTx) has become increasingly attractive as a curative treatment in patients with labile diabetes and secondary complications. In the United Kingdom, the percentage of deceased-donors utilized for PTx increased 5-fold between 2003 and 2007. The trend towards a higher number of annual pancreas transplantations is also observed in Sweden. The increasing activity and the excellent outcome are consequences of meticulous surgery, effective immunsuppression and adequate follow-up. The present report descibes the current status of PTx and shows the short- and long-term results during the last decade in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Meszaros, Sz., et al.
(författare)
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New ATLAS9 and MARCS Model Atmosphere Grids for the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 144:4, s. 120-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a new grid of model photospheres for the SDSS-III/APOGEE survey of stellar populations of the Galaxy, calculated using the ATLAS9 and MARCS codes. New opacity distribution functions were generated to calculate ATLAS9 model photospheres. MARCS models were calculated based on opacity sampling techniques. The metallicity ([M/H]) spans from -5 to 1.5 for ATLAS and -2.5 to 0.5 for MARCS models. There are three main differences with respect to previous ATLAS9 model grids: a new corrected H2O line list, a wide range of carbon ([C/M]) and alpha element [alpha/M] variations, and solar reference abundances from Asplund et al. The added range of varying carbon and alpha-element abundances also extends the previously calculated MARCS model grids. Altogether, 1980 chemical compositions were used for the ATLAS9 grid and 175 for the MARCS grid. Over 808,000 ATLAS9 models were computed spanning temperatures from 3500 K to 30,000 K and log g from 0 to 5, where larger temperatures only have high gravities. The MARCS models span from 3500 K to 5500 K, and log g from 0 to 5. All model atmospheres are publicly available online.
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| 3. |
- Ryde, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical abundances of 11 bulge stars from high-resolution, near-IR spectra
- 2010
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 509:1, s. A20-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. It is debated whether the Milky Way bulge has characteristics more similar to those of a classical bulge than those of a pseudobulge. Detailed abundance studies of bulge stars are important when investigating the origin, history, and classification of the bulge. These studies provide constraints on the star-formation history, initial mass function, and differences between stellar populations. Not many similar studies have been completed because of the large distance and high variable visual extinction along the line-of-sight towards the bulge. Therefore, near-IR investigations can provide superior results. Aims. To investigate the origin of the bulge and study its chemical abundances determined from near-IR spectra for bulge giants that have already been investigated with optical spectra. The optical spectra also provide the stellar parameters that are very important to the present study. In particular, the important CNO elements are determined more accurately in the near-IR. Oxygen and other alpha elements are important for investigating the star-formation history. The C and N abundances are important for determining the evolutionary stage of the giants and the origin of C in the bulge. Methods. High-resolution, near-infrared spectra in the H band were recorded using the CRIRES spectrometer mounted on the Very Large Telescope. The CNO abundances are determined from the numerous molecular lines in the wavelength range observed. Abundances of the alpha elements Si, S, and Ti are also determined from the near-IR spectra. Results. The abundance ratios [O/Fe], [Si/Fe], and [S/Fe] are enhanced to metallicities of at least [Fe/H] = -0.3, after which they decline. This suggests that the Milky Way bulge experienced a rapid and early burst of star formation similar to that of a classical bulge. However, a similarity between the bulge trend and the trend of the local thick disk seems to be present. This similarity suggests that the bulge could have had a pseudobulge origin. The C and N abundances suggest that our giants are first-ascent red-giants or clump stars, and that the measured oxygen abundances are those with which the stars were born. Our [C/Fe] trend does not show any increase with [Fe/H], which is expected if W-R stars contributed substantially to the C abundances. No "cosmic scatter" can be traced around our observed abundance trends: the measured scatter is expected, given the observational uncertainties.
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| 4. |
- van Eck, S., et al.
(författare)
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A Grid of MARCS Model Atmospheres for S Stars
- 2011
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Ingår i: Why Galaxies Care about AGB Stars II.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- S-type stars are late-type giants whose atmospheres are enriched in carbon and s-process elements because of either extrinsic pollution by a binary companion or intrinsic nucleosynthesis and dredge-up on the thermally-pulsing AGB. A large grid of S-star model atmospheres has been computed covering the range 2700 \le T$_eff$(K) \le 4000 with 0.5 \le C/O \le 0.99. ZrO and TiO band strength indices as well as VJHKL photometry are needed to disentangle T$_eff$, C/O and [s/Fe]. A \ldquobest-model finding tool\rdquo has been developed using a set of well-chosen indices and checked against photometry as well as low- and high-resolution spectroscopy. It is found that applying M-star model atmospheres (i.e., with a solar C/O ratio) to S stars can lead to errors in T$_eff$ up to 400 K. We constrain the parameter space occupied by the S stars of the vast Henize sample in terms of T$_eff$, [C/O] and [s/Fe].
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| 5. |
- Van Eck, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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A Grid of MARCS Model Atmospheres for S Stars
- 2011
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Ingår i: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Conference Series, Volume 445. ; , s. 71-75
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- S-type stars are late-type giants whose atmosphere is enriched in carbon and s-process elements because of either extrinsic pollution by a binary companion or intrinsic nucleosynthesis and dredge-up on the thermally-pulsing AGB. A large grid of S-star model atmospheres has been computed covering the range 2700 < Teff < 4000 K with 0.5 < C/O < 0.99. ZrO and TiO band strength indices as well as VJHKL photometry are needed to disentangle Teff, C/O and [s/Fe]. A "best-model finding tool" was developed using a set of well-chosen indices and checked against photometry as well as low- and high-resolution spectroscopy. It is found that applying M-star model atmospheres (i.e., with a solar C/O ratio) to S stars can lead to errors on Teff up to 400K. We constrain the parameter space occupied by S stars of the vast sample of Henize stars in terms of Teff, [C/O] and [s/Fe].
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| 6. |
- Van Eck, S., et al.
(författare)
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A grid of S stars MARCS model atmospheres
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 328, s. 012009-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- S stars are cool stars of temperatures similar to those of M giants, but their atmospheres are enriched in carbon and s-process elements because of either extrinsic pollution by a binary companion or intrinsic nucleosynthesis and dredge-up on the thermally-pulsing AGB. Despite numerous attempts to link phenomenological spectral classification criteria to physical parameters (T$_eff$, gravity, C/O, [s/Fe], [Fe/H]), the parameter space of S stars is poorly known and this has prevented accurate abundance analysis of S stars until now. Here we present a large grid of S-star model atmospheres. ZrO and TiO band strength indices as well as VJHKL photometry are needed to disentangle the effective temperature, C/O and [s/Fe]. The stellar parameters derived on the basis of low-resolution spectra and photometry are shown to be fairly accurate when compared to high-resolution data of the same stars. The C/O ratio of S stars is found to be between the solar value (0.5) and 0.99, and not 1 as often claimed in the literature. Consistently with stellar evolution expectations, the C/O ratio increases as the effective temperature decreases.
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| 7. |
- Ahlsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gestational diabetes and offspring body disproportion
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:1, s. 89-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: It has been demonstrated that females born large for gestational age (LGA) in weight but not length are at increased risk of being obese at childbearing age. We addressed the question whether women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of giving birth to such infants. Methods: Birth characteristics of 884 267 infants of non-diabetic mothers and 7817 of mothers with GDM were analysed. LGA was defined as birth weight or birth length > 2 standard deviation scores for gestational age. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for a woman with GDM to give birth to an LGA infant that was heavy alone was four times increased (OR: 3.71, 95% CI: 3.41-4.04). Furthermore, in the population of mothers giving birth to LGA infants, the proportion heavy alone was 68% in the group of women with GDM compared with 64.4% in the group of non-diabetic women. The risks were independent of gender of the foetus. Conclusion: Women with GDM have an almost four times higher risk of delivering an LGA infant that is heavy alone. The noted disproportion between weight and length in infants of such mothers may have an impact on the risk of later obesity.
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| 8. |
- Ambort, Daniel, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Calcium and pH-dependent packing and release of the gel-forming MUC2 mucin.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 109:15, s. 5645-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MUC2, the major colonic mucin, forms large polymers by N-terminal trimerization and C-terminal dimerization. Although the assembly process for MUC2 is established, it is not known how MUC2 is packed in the regulated secretory granulae of the goblet cell. When the N-terminal VWD1-D2-D'D3 domains (MUC2-N) were expressed in a goblet-like cell line, the protein was stored together with full-length MUC2. By mimicking the pH and calcium conditions of the secretory pathway we analyzed purified MUC2-N by gel filtration, density gradient centrifugation, and transmission electron microscopy. At pH 7.4 the MUC2-N trimer eluted as a single peak by gel filtration. At pH 6.2 with Ca(2+) it formed large aggregates that did not enter the gel filtration column but were made visible after density gradient centrifugation. Electron microscopy studies revealed that the aggregates were composed of rings also observed in secretory granulae of colon tissue sections. The MUC2-N aggregates were dissolved by removing Ca(2+) and raising pH. After release from goblet cells, the unfolded full-length MUC2 formed stratified layers. These findings suggest a model for mucin packing in the granulae and the mechanism for mucin release, unfolding, and expansion.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Anselm, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Bannlys alla politiska beslut som ger mer klimatutsläpp
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Torftig valdebatt. Dagspolitiken klarar inte att hantera ödesfrågan om klimatet, vilket oroar oss. Vi föreslår därför ett ”utsläppsmoratorium”: inga beslut får tas som ökar utsläppen av växthusgaser. Principen måste kopplas till mål om exempelvis förnybar energi och grön infrastruktur, skriver 23 forskare och debattörer.
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