| 1. |
- Kelkka, Tiina, et al.
(författare)
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Mice Lacking NCF1 Exhibit Reduced Growth of Implanted Melanoma and Carcinoma Tumors
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:12, s. e84148-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex is a professional producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is mainly expressed in phagocytes. While the activity of the NOX2 complex is essential for immunity against pathogens and protection against autoimmunity, its role in the development of malignant tumors remains unclear. We compared wild type and Ncf1(m1J) mutated mice, which lack functional NOX2 complex, in four different tumor models. Ncf1(m1J) mutated mice developed significantly smaller tumors in two melanoma models in which B16 melanoma cells expressing a hematopoietic growth factor FLT3L or luciferase reporter were used. Ncf1(m1J) mutated mice developed significantly fewer Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumors, but the tumors that did develop, grew at a pace that was similar to the wild type mice. In the spontaneously arising prostate carcinoma model (TRAMP), tumor growth was not affected. The lack of ROS-mediated protection against tumor growth was associated with increased production of immunity-associated cytokines. A significant increase in Th2 associated cytokines was observed in the LLC model. Our present data show that ROS regulate rejection of the antigenic B16-luc and LLC tumors, whereas the data do not support a role for ROS in growth of intrinsically generated tumors.
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| 2. |
- Aggarwal, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Photon and eta production in p plus Pb and p plus C collisions at root(NN)-N-S=17.4 GeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 898, s. 14-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of direct photon production in p + Pb and p + C collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.4 GeV are presented. Upper limits on the direct photon yield as a function of p(T) are derived and compared to the results for Pb + Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.3 GeV. The production of the eta meson, which is an important input to the direct photon signal extraction, has been determined in the eta -> 2 gamma channel for p + C collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.4 GeV. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Chaireti, Roza, et al.
(författare)
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Endogenous thrombin potential is higher during the luteal phase than during the follicular phase of a normal menstrual cycle
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B1 - Oxford Open Option B. - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 28:7, s. 1846-1852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Do thrombin generation and haemostatic parameters differ during the two phases of the menstrual cycle? less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanTotal thrombin concentration is higher during the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThe coagulation cascade is affected by many variables, such as fluctuations in the levels of sex hormones. The studies on the variations in haemostatic parameters during the menstrual cycle have produced diverse results. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThrombin generation and selected haemostatic parameters (fibrinogen, factor II, factor VII, factor VIII, factor X, von Willebrand factor, antithrombin and D-dimer) were measured during the two phases of a normal menstrual cycle in 102 healthy women not taking any form of hormone medication. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThe study cohort consisted of 102 healthy women with regular menstrual cycles. Thrombin generation was measured by the calibrated automated thrombogram method. Progesterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassays. Estradiol was measured by a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Fibrinogen was measured by a clotting method, antithrombin was measured by a chromogenic method and factor II, factor VII, factor VIII, factor X, von Willebrand factor and D-dimer were measured by photometric methods. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanIt was shown that the total amount of generated thrombin (Endogenous Thrombin Potential) was significantly higher during the luteal compared with the follicular phase (P 0.027). Factor X was significantly higher during the follicular phase (P 0.028). Progesterone exhibited significant associations (measured by the least squares regression analysis) with fibrinogen and factor X during the follicular phase (P 0.043 and P 0.033, respectively) and with factors II and VII during the luteal phase (P 0.034 and P 0.024, respectively). The validity of the results from the regression analysis was further confirmed by performing correlation analyses (Pearson correlation matrix) for haemostatic markers for the luteal and follicular phases (accepted correlation level 0.8). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThe wide confidence interval for the differences in endogenous thrombin potential during the two phases could imply that the size of the cohort may not be sufficient to fully evaluate the biological variations. Additionally, the haemostatic markers were not shown to have significant associations with thrombin generation, suggesting that the increased thrombin concentration during the luteal phase would be mediated by another mechanism, as yet unidentified. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThe associations between progesterone and the haemostatic markers, as shown for both phases of the menstrual cycle, suggest a previously unknown or undefined yet potentially significant role for progesterone in the coagulation system. However, it has been shown that the use of progestogen-only preparations does not affect the coagulation system, which is partly the reason why they are considered safe for women with thrombophilia or previous thrombotic event. Further studies are required in order to demonstrate whether our results can be extrapolated for synthetic progestins, which might have significant implication on the indications for their use. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThis study was supported by the Karolinska Institutet, Linkping University and the County Council of stergtland. The authors report no conflicts of interest.
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| 7. |
- Doligez, Blandine, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation and comparison of heritability and parent-offspring resemblance in dispersal probability from capture-recapture data using different methods : the Collared Flycatcher as a case study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Ornithology = Journal fur Ornithologie. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0021-8375 .- 1439-0361. ; 152, s. S539-S554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the evolution of a trait requires analysing its genetic basis. Many studies have therefore estimated heritability values of different traits in wild populations using quantitative genetic approaches on capture-recapture data of individuals with known parentage. However, these models assume perfect individual detection probability, a hidden hypothesis that is rarely met in natural populations. To what extent ignoring imperfect detection may bias heritability estimates in wild populations needs specific investigation. We give a first insight into this question using dispersal probability in a patchy population of Collared Flycatchers Ficedula albicollis as an example. We estimate and compare heritability and parent-offspring resemblance in dispersal obtained from (1) quantitative genetic approaches ("classical'' parent-offspring regressions and more recent animal models) and (2) multi-state capture-recapture models accounting for individual detection probability. Unfortunately, current capture-recapture models do not provide heritability estimates, preventing a full comparison of results between models at this stage. However, in the study population, detection probability may be expected to be lower for dispersing compared to philopatric individuals because of lower mating/breeding success and/or higher temporary emigration, making the use of capture-recapture models particularly relevant. We show significant parent-offspring resemblance and heritable component of between-patch dispersal probability in this population. Accounting for imperfect detection does however not seem to influence the observed pattern of parent-offspring resemblance in dispersal probability, although detection probability is both sensibly lower than 1 and heterogeneous among individuals according to dispersal status. We discuss the problems encountered, the information that can be derived from, and the constraints linked to, each method. To obtain unbiased heritability estimates, combining quantitative genetic and capture-recapture models is needed, which should be one of the main developments of capture-recapture models in the near future.
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| 8. |
- Dudek, Magdalena M, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence-Based Blood Coagulation Assay Device for Measuring Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
- 2011
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Ingår i: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - : ACS American Chemical Society. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 83:1, s. 319-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The measurement of blood clotting time is important in a range of clinical applications such as assessing coagulation disorders and controlling the effect of various anticoagulant drug therapies. Clotting time tests essentially measure the onset of clot formation which results from the formation of fibrin fibers in the blood sample. However, such assays are inherently imprecise due to the highly variable nature of the clot formation process and the sample matrix. This work describes a clotting time measurement assay which uses a fluorescent probe to very precisely detect the onset of fibrin clot formation. It uses a microstructured surface which enhances the formation of multiple localized clot loci and which results in the abrupt redistribution of the fluorescent label at the onset of clot formation in both whole blood and plasma. This methodology was applied to the development of an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test in a lateral flow microfluidic platform and used to monitor the effect of heparin dosage where it showed linearity from 0 to 2 U/mL in spiked plasma samples (R-2=0.996, n = 3), correlation against gold standard coagulometry of 0.9986, and correlation against standard hospital aPTT in 32 patient samples of 0.78.
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| 9. |
- Friman, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Fibrosis and Interstitial Fluid Pressure in Two Different Types of Syngeneic Murine Carcinoma Grown in Integrin β3-Subunit Deficient Mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:3, s. e34082-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stroma properties affect carcinoma physiology and direct malignant cell development. Here we present data showing that alpha(V)beta(3) expressed by stromal cells is involved in the control of interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), extracellular volume (ECV) and collagen scaffold architecture in experimental murine carcinoma. IFP was elevated and ECV lowered in syngeneic CT26 colon and LM3 mammary carcinomas grown in integrin beta(3)-deficient compared to wild-type BALB/ c mice. Integrin beta(3)-deficiency had no effect on carcinoma growth rate or on vascular morphology and function. Analyses by electron microscopy of carcinomas from integrin beta(3)-deficient mice revealed a coarser and denser collagen network compared to carcinomas in wild-type littermates. Collagen fibers were built from heterogeneous and thicker collagen fibrils in carcinomas from integrin beta(3)-deficient mice. The fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) did not correlate with increased macrophage infiltration in integrin beta(3)-deficient mice bearing CT26 tumors, indicating that the fibrotic phenotype was not mediated by increased inflammation. In conclusion, we report that integrin beta(3)-deficiency in tumor stroma led to an elevated IFP and lowered ECV that correlated with a more fibrotic ECM, underlining the role of the collagen network for carcinoma physiology.
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| 10. |
- Gerner, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Differences between Eurostat and CRF data in Swedish reporting : A comparative study of data on fuel consumption in 2005-2011 reported by Sweden to Eurostat and UNFCCC
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- EU ESD review avseende submission 2012 visade på skillnader i data över bränsleförbrukning i Sveriges rapporteringar till Eurostat respektive UNFCCC. I föreliggande studie har årlig energistatistik som rapporteras till Eurostat (Eurostat-data) och Sveriges rapportering till UNFCCC, submission 2013 (UNFCCC-data), jämförts och de viktigaste skillnaderna har analyserats. Studien omfattar referensåren 2005-2011. Skillnaderna är många, men inga större felaktigheter i rapporteringen till UNFCCC har kunnat påvisas.Generellt orsakas skillnaderna oftast av att: Olika allokeringsprinciper används beroende på att rapporteringarna har olika syften, och riktlinjer och manualer skiljer sig åt. Olika datakällor används till de respektive rapporteringarna. Eurostat använder andra värmevärden än de som Sverige använder i rapporteringen till UNFCCC.I sectoral approach återfanns de största skillnaderna för fasta fossila bränslen inom järn- och stålindustrin, diesel som används till vägtrafik och i övrigsektorn, petroleumbaserade bränslen i kemisk industri samt avlutar inom industrin, som rapporteras som processutsläpp till UNFCCC.Inga fel hittades i UNFCCC-data, sectoral approach, men allokeringen av avlutarna kommer att ses över under 2013 ifall problemet tas upp under In Country Review. En misstänkt dubbelräkning av diesel 2011 upptäcktes i Eurostat-data, vilket orsakade en mycket stor skillnad för vägtrafik det året. De stora skillnaderna i petroleumbränslen inom kemisk industri förklaras av att förbränning av biprodukter från processerna inte rapporteras i Eurostat-data på grund av att insatsvarorna rapporteras under användning för icke-energiändamål.Inom reference approach är den vanligaste orsaken till skillnader att olika värmevärden används. Värmevärdena för kol som används i Reference approach misstänks vara för låga och kommer att ses över. Ett par mindre felaktigheter för torv 2006-2007 kommer att korrigeras. För petroleumbränslen förekommer dessutom ofta betydande skillnader i lagerförändringar, vilket också resulterar i skillnader i inhemsk konsumtion (apparent consumption). Konsumtion av biomassa är systematiskt högre i Eurostat-data, vilket bara delvis förklaras av att fossila fraktioner av avfallsbränslen inkluderats. Beräkningarna för reference approach för biomassa kommer att ses över i mån av tid.
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