| 1. |
- Altraja, Alan, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of laminins in the airways in various types of asthmatic patients: A morphometric study
- 1996
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. - 1044-1549 .- 1535-4989. ; 15:4, s. 482-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laminins (Ln) are crucial in airway morphogenesis. Because they are able to interact with inflammatory cells, they are likely to participate in inflammation accompanied by airway structural remodeling in asthma. Taking biopsies and using immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis, we characterized the distribution of Ln chains alpha 1, alpha 2, and beta 2 in the bronchial mucosa of patients with seasonal (n = 17), early occupational (n = 8), and chronic asthma (n = 16) for comparison with that of normal controls (n = 8). In all asthmatic patients, both Ln chains alpha 1 and beta 2 were confined to the superficial margin of the basement membrane (BM), blood vessels, and smooth muscle. The thickness of Ln beta 2 expression in BM was significantly greater in patients with chronic (1.9 +/- 0.1 microns; P < 0.001) and occupational asthma (1.7 +/- 0.1 microns; P < 0.05) than in controls (0.4 +/- 0.3 microns). Only in patients with occupational asthma was the thickness of the Ln alpha 1 layer (2.3 +/- 0.2 microns; mean +/- SEM) significantly different from that in controls (1.4 +/- 0.5 microns; P < 0.05). There was no immunoreactivity for the Ln alpha 2 chain in controls or patients with mild asthma, but in clinically severe chronic asthma we found a discontinuous staining along the epithelial margin of the BM. Since Ln chains alpha 2 and beta 2 appear to function only during morphogenesis, increased expression of these Ln chains in adult asthma patients suggests accelerated tissue turnover in the airways, possibly as a result of airway inflammation in asthma.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fjaertoft, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophils from term and preterm newborn infants express the high affinity Fcgamma-receptor 1 (CD64) during bacerial infections
- 1999
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 45:6, s. 871-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high affinity Fcgamma-receptor I (FcgammaRI, CD64) is normally expressed only to a very low extent by neutrophils. During bacterial infections, however, neutrophils from adult patients significantly increase their expression of FcgammaRI. Stimulation through FcgammaRI is a highly effective way to improve various aspects of neutrophil function, including phagocytosis. In our study the expression of FcgammaRI on neutrophils from preterm (n = 9) and term (n = 3) newborn infants, children (n = 14), and adults (n = 6) during the early phase of an acute bacterial infection was investigated. Our results showed that neutrophils from newborn infants with bacterial infection expressed FcgammaRI to a significantly higher extent than both noninfected preterm (p < 0.001) and term (p < 0.001) newborn infants and that neutrophils from preterm neonates expressed FcgammaRI to the same extent as neutrophils from term neonates and older infants, children, and adults. No difference in the neutrophil cell surface expression of FcgammaRI during bacterial infections was found among newborn infants, children, and adults. Expression of FcgammaRI probably represents an important mechanism to improve neutrophil phagocytosis as well as other aspects of neutrophil function during bacterial infections, especially in preterm infants. Our study indicates that measurement of cell surface expression of FcgammaRI on neutrophils could be a useful indicator of severe bacterial infections in preterm and term neonates, as well as in older children and adults.
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| 4. |
- Fjaertoft, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophils from Term and Preterm Newborn Infants Express the High Affinity Fcγ-Receptor I (CD64) During Bacterial Infections
- 1999
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 45:6, s. 871-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high affinity Fcgamma-receptor I (FcgammaRI, CD64) is normally expressed only to a very low extent by neutrophils. During bacterial infections, however, neutrophils from adult patients significantly increase their expression of FcgammaRI. Stimulation through FcgammaRI is a highly effective way to improve various aspects of neutrophil function, including phagocytosis. In our study the expression of FcgammaRI on neutrophils from preterm (n = 9) and term (n = 3) newborn infants, children (n = 14), and adults (n = 6) during the early phase of an acute bacterial infection was investigated. Our results showed that neutrophils from newborn infants with bacterial infection expressed FcgammaRI to a significantly higher extent than both noninfected preterm (p < 0.001) and term (p < 0.001) newborn infants and that neutrophils from preterm neonates expressed FcgammaRI to the same extent as neutrophils from term neonates and older infants, children, and adults. No difference in the neutrophil cell surface expression of FcgammaRI during bacterial infections was found among newborn infants, children, and adults. Expression of FcgammaRI probably represents an important mechanism to improve neutrophil phagocytosis as well as other aspects of neutrophil function during bacterial infections, especially in preterm infants. Our study indicates that measurement of cell surface expression of FcgammaRI on neutrophils could be a useful indicator of severe bacterial infections in preterm and term neonates, as well as in older children and adults.
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| 5. |
- Håkansson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of B-lymphocytes during birch pollen season : Effect of immunotherapy
- 1998
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 28:7, s. 791-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: B-lymphocytes play an important part in the allergic reaction as producers of IgE antibodies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cell surface expression of the activation antigens CD23, CD40 and HLA-DR on B-lymphocytes in birch pollen allergic patients before and during birch pollen season and to study the effect of immunotherapy. METHODS: The study included 24 birch pollen allergic patients half of whom were treated with immunotherapy against birch pollen before the start of the season. Eleven of the 24 patients had asthma. Blood samples were taken and lung function was registered before the season began and before the immunotherapy treatment in January to February and during the season in May. The relative number of B-lymphocytes (CD19+) of the lymphocyte population and the cell surface expression of CD23, CD40 and HLA-DR on B-lymphocytes was measured by the use of flow cytometry. RESULTS: In the control group of patients the relative number and concentration of B-lymphocytes, the cell surface expression of CD23, CD40 and HLA-DR on B cells, and the serum concentration of IgE increased during season compared with before season. In contrast, in the immunotherapy treated patients no changes in the number of B cells or cell surface expression of CD23, CD40 and HLA-DR were demonstrated. CONCLUSION: The elevated expression of CD23, CD40 and HLA-DR on B cells, combined with increased levels of IgE in allergic patients during season could be explained by the effect of cytokines produced by activated TH2 cells. A shift from TH2 to TH1 cells might be the mechanism after the absence of signs of B-cell activation in immunotherapy treated patients. The prevention of increased cell surface expression on B cells by immunotherapy may constitute a significant mechanism behind the beneficial effects of immunotherapy in the treatment of pollen atopy.
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| 6. |
- Håkansson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on in vivo administration of G-CSF on neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion
- 1997
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 98:3, s. 603-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect in vivo of G-CSF on neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion was studied after subcutaneous administration to six healthy individuals of human recombinant glycosylated G-CSF (lenograstim) (3 micrograms/kg) for 6 consecutive days. Basal adhesion and adhesion to E-selectin. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 of neutrophil and eosinophil granulocytes were measured selectively. During G-CSF administration neutrophil basal adhesion increased from 7.4 +/- 3.9% (mean +/- SD) to 55.8 +/- 12.9% and 23.2 +/- 4.4%, 4 and 7 d, respectively, after start of the administration. At the same time points eosinophil basal adhesion increased from 7.1 +/- 2.4% to 37.7 +/- 6.1% and 13.1 +/- 5.3%, respectively. When adhesion was measured in the presence of Mn2+, which increases the functional activity of integrins, an even higher increase of neutrophil and eosinophil basal adhesion was noted 4 and 7 d, respectively, after start of G-CSF administration. In parallel with the enhanced basal adhesion neutrophil adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 and eosinophil adhesion to E-selectin. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly (P < 0.05) increased after 4 d of G-CSF administration as was neutrophil cell surface expression of CD11b and CD18. In vitro G-CSF induced minimal changes of granulocyte basal adhesion and inhibition of the adhesion to E-selectin. 10 ng/ml TNF alpha significantly increased neutrophil and eosinophil basal adhesion and adhesion to VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. In summary, administration of G-CSF to healthy subjects induced enhanced adhesion of neutrophil and eosinophil granulocytes, probably mediated by an increase of the functional capacity of beta 1- and beta 2-integrins. The induction of increased levels of TNF alpha might be one mechanism behind the in vivo effect of G-CSF administration.
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| 7. |
- Håkansson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Priming of eosinophil adhesion in patients with birch pollen allergy during pollen season : effect of immunotherapy
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 99:4, s. 551-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adhesion of eosinophil granulocytes to E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was investigated before and during birch pollen season in 24 patients allergic to birch pollen who had rhinoconjunctivitis and, in half of the cases, asthma during season. Half of the patients were undergoing specific immunotherapy for birch pollen allergy. Increased adhesion to VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (p < 0.05) during season as compared with before season was demonstrated by eosinophils of patients in the control group and by eosinophils of the patients without asthma treated with immunotherapy, but not by eosinophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients with asthma. Eosinophils from the control group of patients demonstrated increased cell surface expression of CD18 and CD49d (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) during season as compared with before season, and eosinophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients showed increased cell surface expression of CD49d (p < 0.01) during season. Simultaneous measurement of neutrophil adhesion revealed increased adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 (p < 0.01) during season compared with before season in the immunotherapy-treated group of patients. Neutrophils from the control subjects without asthma showed increased adhesion to E-selectin (p < 0.05) during season. In conclusion, eosinophils from patients allergic to birch pollen demonstrated priming of the adhesion to VCAM-1 to ICAM-1 during birch pollen season. Immunotherapy treatment prevented the priming of eosinophil adhesion during pollen season in the patients allergic to birch pollen who had asthma, but not in those without asthma. In contrast, neutrophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients, both with and without asthma, demonstrated priming of the adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 during season. The latter results indicate that immunotherapy, in case of the patients allergic to birch pollen with asthma induced a shift from the production of primarily eosinophil priming agents to primarily neutrophil priming agents, which may be caused by a shift from Th2 to Th1 lymphocytes.
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| 8. |
- Höglund, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of in vivo administration of G-CSF on neutrophil functions in healthy volunteers
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 58:3, s. 195-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neutrophil (PMN) function. G-CSF was administered once daily as s.c. injection for 6 d (d1-6) to healthy male volunteers. PMN migration (modified Boyden chamber), chemiluminescence (CL), adherence to nylon fibers and phagocytosis of IgG- and IgG-C3-coated particles were investigated before (d1), during (d2, d5) and 3 wk after G-CSF 7.5-10 micrograms/kg/d (n = 12). PMN surface expression of adhesion- and Fc gamma-receptors was measured on d1, d5, d8 and 3 wk after G-CSF 3-5 micrograms/kg (n = 12). Results obtained after G-CSF were compared to baseline using Wilcoxon's signed rank test. G-CSF induced PMNs showed a significantly (p < 0.05) decreased chemokinetic response (d5) as well as a reduced chemotaxis towards zymosan activated serum, FMLP and IL-8, respectively. Chemotaxis was reduced both at d2 and d5. Neutrophil adherence, phagocytosis and luminol-enhanced CL increased, whereas G-CSF had no effect on lucigenin-enhanced CL. G-CSF (3-5 micrograms/kg) caused an enhanced expression of CD11b, CD18, CD35, CD64 (Fc gamma RI) and CD32 (Fc gamma RII), respectively. We conclude that neutrophils produced in response to G-CSF have a reduced chemotaxis but an enhanced adherence and phagocytic capacity. G-CSF in vivo does not stimulate the respiratory burst.
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| 9. |
- Laitinen, Lauri A., et al.
(författare)
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Bronchial biopsy findings in intermittent or "early" asthma
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 98:5 Pt 2, s. S3-6, discussion S33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bronchial biopsy specimens from subjects with intermittent or "early" asthma were compared with specimens taken from healthy subjects. Patients with early asthma included those with seasonal asthma and occupational asthma. There was a small but statistically significant increase in the thickness of the subepithelial extracellular matrix protein tenascin in subjects with seasonal and occupational asthma compared with control subjects. Collagen types IV and VII were increased only in patients with occupational asthma. Eosinophils were the only inflammatory cells that were significantly increased in subjects with seasonal asthma compared with control subjects. These data show that inflammation is present in the airways of patients with early asthma, and the increase in tenascin expression in the basement membrane zone suggests that structural changes are also initiated at an early stage of the disease.
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| 10. |
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