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- Brülde, Bengt, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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nominalism och begreppsrealism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Liedman S, Tännsjö T & Westerståhl D (red.). Den svårfångade relativismen: en uppslagsbok. - Stockholm : Thales.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Brülde, Bengt, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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socialkonstruktivism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Liedman S, Tännsjö T & Westerståhl D (red.). Den svårfångade relativismen: en uppslagsbok. - Stockholm : Thales.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Short and long-term effects of antenatal corticosteroids assessed in a cohort of 7,827 children born preterm
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 88:8, s. 933-938
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the benefits of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) in clinical settings and to evaluate the occurrence of long-term neuro-sensory effects such as epilepsy and cerebral palsy (CP). DESIGN: Observational population-based study including all births between gestational weeks 24 and 34 during 1976-1997 in Sweden. Exposure to ACS was evaluated at hospital level. Children were followed up to their ninth birthday. SAMPLE AND METHODS: Seven thousand eight hundred twenty-seven infants of which 5,632 were exposed to ACS. Data on hospital ACS routines was based on questionnaires and interviews with physicians and pharmacy sales. Outcomes were obtained from the national health registers and assessed according to gender of the child. Logistic regression was used to assess associations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neonatal death, low Apgar score, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), CP, and epilepsy. RESULTS: After adjustment, exposed infants had reduced risks of RDS (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70-0.92), late neonatal death (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.57-1.29), BPD (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.62-1.22), ROP (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.48-1.32), IVH (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.67-1.3), and CP (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.58-1.15). Males had a higher risk of epilepsy (OR 1.74, 95% CI 0.85-3.55) than females (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25-1.03). CONCLUSION: The results confirm the beneficial effect of ACS regarding RDS in clinical settings. Except for a tendency to increased risk of epilepsy among male infants there were no increased risks of neuro-sensory outcomes.
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| 5. |
- Glimskär Stålberg, Karin, 1971-
(författare)
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Prenatal Ultrasound and X-ray - Potentially Adverse Effects on the CNS
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim with this thesis was to assess the impact of prenatal ultrasound exposure on psychotic illness, childhood brain tumors (CBT) and school achievement, and to evaluate prenatal X-ray exposure and the risk of CBT.In a cohort study, children born in Malmö 1973-1978, where prenatal ultrasound was used routinely, were considered exposed (n=13, 212) and children born at hospitals with no use of ultrasound, were considered unexposed (n=357,733). Exposed men had a tendency toward a higher risk of schizophrenia. For other psychoses there were no differences between groups. Other factors related to place of birth might have influenced the results. In a case control study, children born 1975-1984 with a diagnosis of CBT (n=512), and randomly selected control children (n=524) were included. Exposure data on X-ray and ultrasound from antenatal records was completed with information from the Medical Birth Register. We found no overall increased risk for CBT after prenatal X-ray exposure. When stratifying by histological subgroups, primitive neuroectodermal tumors had the highest risk estimates. For ultrasound exposure, no increased risk for CBT was seen and numbers of examinations or gestational age at exposure had no substantial impact on the results. In a follow-up of a randomized trial on prenatal ultrasound scanning 1985-87, we assessed the children’s school grades when graduating from primary school (15-16 years of age). We performed analyses according to randomization, ultrasound exposure in the second trimester and exposure at any time during pregnancy. There were no differences in school performance for boys or girls according to randomization or exposure in the second trimester. Boys exposed to ultrasound any time during fetal life had a reduced mean score in physical education and small, non-significant increased risk of poor school performance in general.
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| 6. |
- Haglund, Bengt
(författare)
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Birthweight distributions by gestational age : comparison of LMP-based and ultrasound-based estimates of gestational age using data from the Swedish Birth Registry
- 2007
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Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 21, s. 72-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies based on data from the US have reported that the birthweight distribution at gestational age 28-31 weeks is bimodal with a second peak occurring at approximately 3300 g, suggesting that there is misclassification of term infants. In these studies, gestational ages were estimated from the date of the last menstrual period (LMP), and it has been suggested that ultrasound-based estimates of gestational age would eliminate the problem with bimodal birthweight distributions. Swedish data include both measures, thus offering an opportunity for comparison. All singleton births in Sweden from 1993 to 2002 with information on birthweight were included in the study (n = 917 901). Both LMP- and ultrasound-based estimates of gestational age were available for 75.1% of the births. Two possible sources of misclassification were considered: measurement error, assuming that ultrasound-based estimates are better, and data entry errors. An algorithm for assessment of data entry errors was developed; 67.4% of the births were left for the analyses of data 'cleaned' from data entry errors. Based on the entire study population, the LMP-based birthweight curves for lower-gestational-age preterm births were bimodal, with a second peak around 3500 g. The bimodal distribution was greatly attenuated when using ultrasound-based gestational age categories, but did not disappear. After cleaning the data, the LMP-based birthweight distributions for infants at gestational ages < 32 weeks were no longer bimodal, and were very similar to the ultrasound-based curves. In conclusion, data entry errors are more likely to cause the bimodality in the birthweight distribution among preterm infants than measurement errors in the LMP-based gestational age estimate.
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| 7. |
- Haglund, Björn, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Idealism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Liedman, Tännsjö & Westerståhl (red) Den svårfångade relativismen. - Stockholm : Thales. - 9789172350694 ; , s. 119-122
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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