| 1. |
- Hellström, Lisa, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
School effectiveness in Sweden : psychometric properties of an instrument to measure pedagogical and social climate (PESOC) focusing on pedagogical leadership
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Leadership in Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1360-3124 .- 1464-5092. ; 24:6, s. 855-875
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improving school effectiveness is a priority for many countries. The Swedish instrument Pedagogical and Social Climate in School (PESOC) has been widely used for measurement of school improvement. Since pedagogical leadership is an important component of school effectiveness, this study aimed to describe the psychometric properties of the PESOC subscale of pedagogical leadership (PESOC-PLP). Participants were 344 teachers from 30 schools in Karlstad, Sweden. Rasch analysis indicated two subdimensions of the scale, corresponding to academic and social objectives. Analysis showed that the instrument worked invariantly across different sub groups and that the response categories functioned as intended. Small, if any, within-school response dependence was noted. PESOC-PLP may be a useful tool for school leaders when evaluating their success in fulfilling academic and social objectives. Given the global demand for measurement of school leadership, also researchers and educators outside Sweden may have interest in translating and adapting the PESOC-PLP scale. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
|
|
| 2. |
- Beckman, Linda, Docent, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Relationship between Eczema and Self-reported Difficulties Keeping up with School Education : A Cross-sectional Study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eczema is a common chronic disease that affects both children and adults, and may have an adverse impact on school performance, as it is characteristically pruri-tic, and hence may lead to poor concentration and ina-dequate sleep. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between eczema and self-reported difficulties keeping up with school education. The study was based on cross-sectional questionnaire data collec-ted in schools among all 9th graders (15–16 years old) within a Swedish county. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between having eczema and self-reported difficulties keeping up with school education. A total of 2,620 pupils participated (50.1% female). An increased odds ratio (OR) of self-reported difficulties keeping up with school education was found in adolescents with eczema compared with those without eczema after adjustment for sex and family residence (OR 2.13, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.32–3.44), and with additional adjustment for sleeping problems, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, allergy, rhinitis, asthma, and alcohol con-sumption (adjusted OR 1.78, CI 1.05–3.00). Eczema may be a relevant risk factor for difficulty keeping up with school education in adolescents. However, studies that can assess temporality, based in different settings with objective reports of both eczema and self-reported difficulties at school, are needed to con-firm these findings.
|
|
| 3. |
- Evans, Brittany, et al.
(författare)
-
A latent class analysis of changes in adolescent substance use between 1988 and 2011 in Sweden : associations with sex and psychosomatic problems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 115:10, s. 1932-1941
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To characterize changes in patterns of adolescent substance use in Sweden between 1988 and 2011, and to assess whether sex and psychosomatic problems were associated with substance use and whether these associations changed over time. Design Secondary analysis of repeated cross-sectional survey data. Survey data were collected eight times and analyzed as four cohorts (1988-91, 1995-98, 2002-05 and 2008-11). Setting and participants The sample included all 15-16-year-olds in Varmland County, Sweden (n = 20 057). Measurements Binary-coded substance use measures included life-time use of alcohol and tobacco, getting drunk and past school year use of inhalants. An eight-item scale was used to assess psychosomatic problems. Findings A three-class model fitted the data best (i.e. non/low use, mainly alcohol use and polysubstance use). The patterns of substance use were different among cohorts; most notably, adolescents in the last cohort had lower odds of being included in the alcohol and polysubstance use classes rather than the non/low use class than in the earlier cohorts (all Ps < 0.001). Males had higher odds than females of being in the polysubstance use class rather than the non/low use class among the first three cohorts (all Ps < 0.001) but not the last. Sex was not associated with inclusion in the alcohol use class rather than the non/low use class. Adolescents who reported more psychosomatic problems had higher odds of being included in the alcohol and polysubstance use classes rather than the non/low use class (all Ps < 0.001). The associations of sex and psychosomatic problems with class inclusion did not change during the study period. Conclusions Between 1988 and 2011, patterns of substance use among adolescents in Sweden shifted away from polysubstance use and alcohol use to non-use or low use. Associations between patterns of substance use and sex and psychosomatic problems remained largely consistent across the study period.
|
|
| 4. |
- Evans, Brittany, et al.
(författare)
-
Classroom disorder and internalizing problems among swedish adolescents : Changes between 1988 and 2011
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of School Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-4391 .- 1746-1561. ; 90:7, s. 554-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Internalizing problems have increased among Swedish adolescents. We examined whether classroom disorder was associated with internalizing problems and whether it explained the trends in internalizing problems. Furthermore, we examined whether school contextual factors were associated with internalizing problems and whether they moderated the association between classroom disorder and internalizing problems. METHODS We used repeated cross-sectional survey data (1988-2011) among all 15- to 16-year-old students in Varmland, Sweden (N = 9491 boys, N = 9313 girls). School-level factors were the proportions of students with a low/average socioeconomic or an immigration background. RESULTS Results from mixed effects models showed that classroom disorder was associated with internalizing problems across the years of investigation but did not explain the trends in internalizing problems. This association was moderated by the school-level proportion of students with a low/average socioeconomic background but not the school-level proportion of students with an immigration background. CONCLUSIONS Students who perceived their classroom to be disorderly more often also reported more internalizing problems. Future studies are necessary to investigate other potential school factors that may explain the trends in internalizing problems.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hagquist, Curt, 1952
(författare)
-
Worry and Psychosomatic Problems Among Adolescents in Sweden in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Unequal Patterns Among Sociodemographic Groups?
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 72:5, s. 688-695
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To analyze potential associations between sociodemographic factors and adolescents' worry about family finances and other types of worries during the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential associations between different worry themes and psychosomatic problems. Methods: From December 2020 to March 2021, 3,068 16–17 years old students in Sweden completed a questionnaire about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their schooling and everyday life. From April to June 2020, 70% of these students also responded to questions about their psychosomatic health. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the associations between sociodemographic factors and different worry themes and estimate the association between worry and psychosomatic problems. Results: Across all 13 worry themes, girls reported worry to a higher degree than boys. In most of the cases, adolescents with a lower parental educational background or immigrant background reported more frequent worrying. This was most evident for worry about family finances. The differences between adolescents with a Swedish background and those with a foreign background were large except for worry about climate change. All worry themes were associated with the students' psychosomatic health. Those who often or always experienced worry were more likely to report psychosomatic problems. Worry about family finances showed the highest odds ratio and marginal effect. Discussion: Worry about family finances during the COVID-19 pandemic turns out to be a strong and socially structured stressor that may widen the health inequalities among young people. This underlines the need for preventive and promoting measures aimed at supporting socioeconomic disadvantaged groups.
|
|
| 6. |
- Högberg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Gender and secular trends in adolescent mental health over 24 years : The role of school-related stress
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 250, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing levels of psychosomatic symptoms, and other mental health problems, among adolescents, and especially among girls, have been reported across various countries. The "educational stressors hypothesis" states that this trend can be explained by an increasing amount of stressors in the school environment. This study tests this hypothesis, using repeated cross-sectional data, between the years 1993-2017, from the Health Behaviours of School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Regression and decomposition techniques are used to investigate the role of school stress for trends in psychosomatic symptoms, and for gender differences in symptoms. Results show that the effects of school stress on psychosomatic symptoms have become stronger over time, but that they can only account for a small share of the overall increase in symptoms since 1993. However, school stress has increased more among girls than among boys, and it explains about half of the growth of the gender gap in symptoms. Thus, school stress accounts for a substantial portion of the increase in symptoms for girls, but only a minor share of the increase for boys. In sum, we found weak evidence for the educational stressors hypothesis in regard to the overall trend in symptoms, but strong evidence for it in explaining the growing gender gap.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kim, Yunhwan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mental Health Problems Among Adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011 : The Role of Immigrant Status and the Proportions of Immigrant Adolescents in Their Surrounding Community
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 22:2, s. 232-239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared the mental health of native and immigrant adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011 and examined whether the municipality-level proportion of immigrant adolescents moderated the association between individual-level immigrant status and mental health. The sample (14,189 adolescents aged 15–16) was obtained from a repeated cross-sectional study conducted from 1995 to 2011. Adolescent self-report data (gender, immigrant status, economic situation, and mental health) and municipality-level data (proportion of immigrant adolescents) were used in multilevel linear regression analyses. Immigrant adolescents reported more mental health problems than their native Swedish peers. The long-term trend in mental health problems did not differ between the two groups. The association between individual immigrant status and mental health did not differ according to the municipality-level rate of immigrant adolescents. These findings highlight the need for public health attention to and efforts to address immigrant adolescents’ mental health problems in Sweden.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kleppang, Annette Lovheim, et al.
(författare)
-
Electronic media use and symptoms of depression among adolescents in Norway
- 2021
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library of science. - 1932-6203. ; 16:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The purpose of this study was to examine the association between electronic media use, including use of social media and gaming, and symptoms of depression, and whether gender or having friends moderated these associations. Methods This study was based on self-reported cross-sectional data from the Ungdata survey, conducted in 2018 by the Norwegian Social Research (NOVA) Institute in cooperation with seven regional drug and alcohol competence centres. The target group comprised 12,353 15-16 years old adolescents. Binominal logistic regression was used to analyse the association between electronic media use and symptoms of depression. Results The odds of having symptoms of depression were higher for those who used social media more than 3 hours per day (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.43-1.80), compared to those who used social media 3 hours or less per day. Additionally, the odds of having symptoms of depression was higher for those who used more than 3 hours on gaming per day (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36-1.80), compared to those who used 3 hours and less on gaming per day after adjustment for potential confounders. There were no interaction effects between social media and gaming use with symptoms of depression. Neither were the associations between social media use and gaming with symptoms of depression moderated by gender or having friends. Conclusions The odds of having symptoms of depression were significantly higher for adolescents with a more frequent use of electronic media.
|
|
| 9. |
- Lönnfjord, Victoria, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Students’ Perception of Efforts by School Staff to Counteract Bullying and Its Association with Students’ Psychosomatic Problems : an Ecological Approach
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Trends in Psychology. - : Springer. - 2358-1883. ; 32, s. 205-230
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between students’ perceptions of staff efforts to counteract bullying and students’ self-reported psychosomatic problems. Using an ecological framework, the associations were investigated in the light of contextual factors related to the students’ family, school, and peer group, as well as their personal characteristics. We used cross-sectional questionnaire data collected in 2009 and 2010 among 2 582 Swedish students aged between 13 and 15 years. Our main finding was that students’ perception of efforts by school staff to counteract bullying is an important factor in relation to their self-reported psychosomatic problems. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having a higher degree of psychosomatic problems compared to lower degree of psychosomatic problems were about 2.5 times higher among students who reported that school staff members do little to counteract bullying. Analysis of interaction effects revealed that the strength of the association between students’ perception of staff efforts to counteract bullying and the students’ psychosomatic problems was not affected by different types of bullying experienced, nor was the strength of the association modified by the students’ personal characteristics or contextual situation. We conclude that social support from school staff is important in relation to students’ self-reported psychosomatic problems, irrespective of the students’ own experience of bullying. The results underline the importance of promoting a school climate and school culture that support staff members’ opportunities, abilities, and willingness to prevent bullying.
|
|
| 10. |
- Lönnfjord, Victoria, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
The association between disability, school achievement expectations, self-efficacy and psychosomatic problems among Swedish adolescents attending compulsory regular school
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Children & society. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0951-0605 .- 1099-0860. ; 37:4, s. 1294-1313
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the association between disability, and psychosomatic problems among adolescents at compulsory regular school also taking into account parental and student achievement expectations and student self-efficacy. We analysed cross-sectional questionnaire data collected in 2010, from 2004 Swedish adolescents. The results showed that the degree of psychosomatic problems and self-efficacy varied with regard to whether the adolescent reported having a disability or not. The distribution of parents’ and adolescents’ own achievement expectations did not differ significantly with regard to having a disability. Neither achievement expectations nor self-efficacy did moderate the association between disability and psychosomatic problems.
|
|
