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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Halevy A) srt2:(2015-2019)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Halevy A) > (2015-2019)

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1.
  • Clark, DW, et al. (författare)
  • Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 4957-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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2.
  • Galili, Nir, et al. (författare)
  • The geologic history of seawater oxygen isotopes from marine iron oxides
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Science. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 365:6452, s. 469-473
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The oxygen isotope composition (delta O-18) of marine sedimentary rocks has increased by 10 to 15 per mil since Archean time. Interpretation of this trend is hindered by the dual control of temperature and fluid delta O-18 on the rocks' isotopic composition. A new delta O-18 record in marine iron oxides covering the past similar to 2000 million years shows a similar secular rise. Iron oxide precipitation experiments reveal a weakly temperature-dependent iron oxide-water oxygen isotope fractionation, suggesting that increasing seawater d(18)O over time was the primary cause of the long-term rise in delta O-18 values of marine precipitates. The O-18 enrichment may have been driven by an increase in terrestrial sediment cover, a change in the proportion of high-and low-temperature crustal alteration, or a combination of these and other factors.
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