| 1. |
- Monfort-Pires, M., et al.
(författare)
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Serum short-chain fatty acids are associated with brown adipose tissue metabolism in humans
- 2023
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 66:SUPPL 1, s. S297-S298
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) result from the fermentation of dietary fibre in the colon and are shown to play an important role in energy metabolism. The relationship between circulating SCFA and brown adipose tissue (BAT) in humans remains to be clarified. We investigated the associations between circulating SCFA and BAT function in humans.
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| 2. |
- Kortesniemi, Maaria, et al.
(författare)
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Nutritional metabolomics: Recent developments and future needs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. - 1879-0402 .- 1367-5931. ; 77
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolomics has rapidly been adopted as one of the key methods in nutrition research. This review focuses on the recent developments and updates in the field, including the analytical methodologies that encompass improved instrument sensitivity, sampling techniques and data integration (multiomics). Metabolomics has advanced the discovery and validation of dietary biomarkers and their implementation in health research. Metabolomics has come to play an important role in the understanding of the role of small molecules resulting from the diet–microbiota interactions when gut microbiota research has shifted towards improving the understanding of the activity and functionality of gut microbiota rather than composition alone. Currently, metabolomics plays an emerging role in precision nutrition and the recent developments therein are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Noerman, Stefania, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Serum metabolites associated with wholegrain consumption using nontargeted metabolic profiling: a discovery and reproducibility study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 62:2, s. 713-726
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To identify fasting serum metabolites associated with WG intake in a free-living population adjusted for potential confounders. Methods: We selected fasting serum samples at baseline from a subset (n = 364) of the prospective population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) cohort. The samples were analyzed using nontargeted metabolomics with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Association with WG intake was investigated using both random forest followed by linear regression adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, energy and alcohol consumption, and partial Spearman correlation adjusted for the same covariates. Features selected by any of these models were shortlisted for annotation. We then checked if we could replicate the findings in an independent subset from the same cohort (n = 200). Results: Direct associations were observed between WG intake and pipecolic acid betaine, tetradecanedioic acid, four glucuronidated alkylresorcinols (ARs), and an unknown metabolite both in discovery and replication cohorts. The associations remained significant (FDR<0.05) even after adjustment for the confounders in both cohorts. Sinapyl alcohol was positively correlated with WG intake in both cohorts after adjustment for the confounders but not in linear models in the replication cohort. Some microbial metabolites, such as indolepropionic acid, were positively correlated with WG intake in the discovery cohort, but the correlations were not replicated in the replication cohort. Conclusions: The identified associations between WG intake and the seven metabolites after adjusting for confounders in both discovery and replication cohorts suggest the potential of these metabolites as robust biomarkers of WG consumption.
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| 4. |
- Näätänen, Mari, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic profiles reflect weight loss maintenance and the composition of diet after very-low-energy diet
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - 1532-1983 .- 0261-5614. ; 42:7, s. 1126-1141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: Diet and weight loss affect circulating metabolome. However, metabolite profiles induced by different weight loss maintenance diets and underlying longer term weight loss maintenance remain unknown. Herein, we investigated after-weight-loss metabolic signatures of two isocaloric 24-wk weight maintenance diets differing in satiety value due to dietary fibre, protein and fat contents and identified metabolite features that associated with successful weight loss maintenance. Methods: Non-targeted LC-MS metabolomics approach was used to analyse plasma metabolites of 79 women and men (mean age ± SD 49.7 ± 9.0 years; BMI 34.2 ± 2.5 kg/m2) participating in a weight management study. Participants underwent a 7-week very-low-energy diet (VLED) and were thereafter randomised into two groups for a 24-week weight maintenance phase. Higher satiety food (HSF) group consumed high-fibre, high-protein, and low-fat products, while lower satiety food (LSF) group consumed isocaloric low-fibre products with average protein and fat content as a part of their weight maintenance diets. Plasma metabolites were analysed before the VLED and before and after the weight maintenance phase. Metabolite features discriminating HSF and LSF groups were annotated. We also analysed metabolite features that discriminated participants who maintained ≥10% weight loss (HWM) and participants who maintained <10% weight loss (LWM) at the end of the study, irrespective of the diet. Finally, we assessed robust linear regression between metabolite features and anthropometric and food group variables. Results: We annotated 126 metabolites that discriminated the HSF and LSF groups and HWM and LWM groups (p < 0.05). Compared to LSF, the HSF group had lower levels of several amino acids, e.g. glutamine, arginine, and glycine, short-, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines (CARs), odd- and even-chain lysoglycerophospholipids, and higher levels of fatty amides. Compared to LWM, the HWM group in general showed higher levels of glycerophospholipids with a saturated long-chain and a C20:4 fatty acid tail, and unsaturated free fatty acids (FFAs). Changes in several saturated odd- and even-chain LPCs and LPEs and fatty amides were associated with the intake of many food groups, particularly grain and dairy products. Increase in several (lyso)glycerophospholipids was associated with decrease in body weight and adiposity. Increased short- and medium-chain CARs were related to decreased body fat-free mass. Conclusions: Our results show that isocaloric weight maintenance diets differing in dietary fibre, protein, and fat content affected amino acid and lipid metabolism. Increased abundances of several phospholipid species and FFAs were related with greater weight loss maintenance. Our findings indicate common and distinct metabolites for weight and dietary related variables in the context of weight reduction and weight management. The study was registered in isrctn.org with identifier 67529475.
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| 5. |
- U-Din, Mueez, et al.
(författare)
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Cold-stimulated brown adipose tissue activation is related to changes in serum metabolites relevant to NAD + metabolism in humans
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - 2211-1247. ; 42:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cold-induced brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation is considered to improve metabolic health. In murine BAT, cold increases the fundamental molecule for mitochondrial function, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), but limited knowledge of NAD+ metabolism during cold in human BAT metabolism exists. We show that cold increases the serum metabolites of the NAD+ salvage pathway (nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide) in humans. Additionally, individuals with cold-stimulated BAT activation have decreased levels of metabolites from the de novo NAD+ biosynthesis pathway (tryptophan, kynurenine). Serum nicotinamide correlates positively with cold-stimulated BAT activation, whereas tryptophan and kynurenine correlate negatively. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in NAD+ biosynthesis in BAT is related to markers of metabolic health. Our data indicate that cold increases serum tryptophan conversion to nicotinamide to be further utilized by BAT. We conclude that NAD+ metabolism is activated upon cold in humans and is probably regulated in a coordinated fashion by several tissues.
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