| 1. |
- Arvidson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion : kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på kris
- 2013
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Ingår i: Kris och kultur : kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på kunskap, estetik och historia - kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på kunskap, estetik och historia. - 9789187199097 ; , s. 9-27
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Arvidson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Den apolliniska drömmen om en lycklig framtid. Kris i kultur och konstmusik i svensk efterkrigstid
- 2013
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Ingår i: Kris och kultur. Kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på kunskap, estetik och historia. - 9789187199097 ; , s. 87-111
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den typ av krisbegrepp som detta kapitel utgår ifrån är processuell; denna betonar den allmänna karaktären av situationer, men utan hänsyn till specifika kriser. Den allmänna situation som analyseras handlar om den svenska välfärdsstaten som mytbildning (ca 1945–1960): Vilka medel krävs för att skapa ett bättre fungerande samhälle, och utgör dessa medel ett hinder snarare än en möjlighet för den enskilda individen att nå ”drömmen om en lycklig framtid”? Genom att använda filosofen Friedrich Nietzsches två principer, det apolliniska (det rationella och det drömska), och det dionysiska (det irrationella och det passionerade) som tankefigur avtäcks en alltmer tydlig kulturell kris i mytbildningen kring välfärdsstaten. Den hypotes som undersöks är om orsaken till denna kulturella kris grundar sig på att det apolliniska och det dionysiska har glidit isär. Samhälls- och teknikutvecklingen tycks motverka individuell frigörelse; det finns en otillräcklig politisk och social organisation i det materiella överflödets och teknikens överlägsenhets tid. Människan tvingas in i ett ”maskineri”, och i en ”apparatens” stat, som gör henne ofri. Detta drömmande slår tillbaka på individen själv; samtidigt som hon blir alltmer bekväm med det materiella överflödet, riskerar detta att göra henne både avtrubbad och intellektuellt, emotion-ellt och estetiskt orörlig. Särskilt problematiskt blir det för de individer som inte hinner med i den teknologiska förändringens tidevarv. Vem bär ansvar för dem när samhället inte klarar av att ta hand om dem? Ja, en möjlig lösning är att införa det irrationella momentet (det dionysiska) i kulturen som motvikt till det kyligt rationella (det apolliniska). Ett sådant moment som lyfts fram är den avancerade konstmusiken, som kan fungera som en motvikt till det som gör individen avtrubbad. Konstmusikens uppgift blir här att synliggöra den falska harmonin som råder i samhället – mytbildningen. Samtidigt framträder det en ”dubbel kris”. Den avancerade konstmusiken förmår inte att nå fram till lyssnaren – kanske på grund av lyssnarens estetiska orörlighet, eller på grund av musikens obegriplighet – utan isolerar sig från dem och samhället. Genom en ”Exkurs” om författaren Thomas Manns musikerroman Doktor Faustus problematiseras ytterligare relationen mellan kulturens kris och den avancerade konstmusiken i ett svenskt perspektiv.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Karna, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon and nitrogen pools and fluxes above and below ground in spruce, pine and birch stands in southern Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 309, s. 28-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We synthesised results on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes and the accumulation of soil organic C and N under adjacent 50-year-old Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch stands growing on similar soils and evaluated the different processes involved. C and N budgets were calculated. Spruce stands had larger stocks of C and N in biomass and soil than birch stands, with pine intermediate. The differences in soil stocks were mainly found in the organic layer, whereas differences in the mineral soil were small. The study showed that there is no simple answer to what is causing the differences in soil C and N stocks, because several processes are interacting. Spruce and pine trees had higher biomass and litter production than birch trees, but total litter inputs showed no significant difference between stands, because the rich ground vegetation under pine and birch contributed with substantial litter inputs, in contrast to the poor ground vegetation under spruce. Decomposition rate (per g of C) was markedly higher under birch than under spruce and pine resulting in lower C and N stocks in the organic layer. This effect was amplified by higher abundance and biomass of earthworms, favoured by higher pH and palatable litter under birch. Earthworm bioturbation probably both increased decomposition rate and damaged the ectomycorrhizal network with negative consequences for the formation of mycorrhizal litter and C storage. In conclusion, the direct effects of spruce, pine and birch litter on C and N pools and fluxes were modified by indirect effects of understorey structure, pH and earthworm responses. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hansson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial ferrochelatase turns human: Tyr13 determines the apparent metal specificity of Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1327 .- 0949-8257. ; 16:2, s. 235-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ferrochelatase catalyzes the insertion of Fe(2+) into protoporphyrin IX. The enzymatic product heme (protoheme IX) is a well-known cofactor in a wide range of proteins. The insertion of metal ions other than Fe(2+) occurs rarely in vivo, but all ferrochelatases that have been studied can insert Zn(2+) at a good rate in vitro. Co(2+), but not Cu(2+), is known to be a good substrate of the mammalian and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferrochelatases. In contrast, Cu(2+), but not Co(2+), has been found to be a good substrate of bacterial Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase. It is not known how ferrochelatase discriminates between different metal ion substrates. Structural analysis of B. subtilis ferrochelatase has shown that Tyr13 is an indirect ligand of Fe(2+) and a direct ligand of a copper mesoporphyrin product. A structure-based comparison revealed that Tyr13 aligns with a Met residue in the S. cerevisiae and human ferrochelatases. Tyr13 was changed to Met in the B. subtilis enzyme by site-directed mutagenesis. Enzymatic measurements showed that the modified enzyme inserted Co(2+) at a higher rate than the wild-type B. subtilis ferrochelatase, but it had lost the ability to use Cu(2+) as a substrate. Thus, the B. subtilis Tyr13Met ferrochelatase showed the same metal specificity as that of the ferrochelatases from S. cerevisiae and human.
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| 6. |
- Kindgren, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A novel proteomic approach reveals a role for Mg-protoporphyrin IX in response to oxidative stress
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 141:4, s. 310-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of genes encoding organellar proteins in different cellular compartments necessitates a tight coordination of expression by the different genomes of the eukaryotic cell. This coordination of gene expression is achieved by organelle-to-nucleus communication. Stress-induced perturbations of the tetrapyrrole pathway trigger large changes in nuclear gene expression. In order to investigate whether the tetrapyrrole Mg-ProtoIX itself is an important part of plastid-to-nucleus communication, we used an affinity column containing Mg-ProtoIX covalently linked to an Affi-Gel matrix. The proteins that bound to Mg-ProtoIX were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with nano liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Thus, we present a novel proteomic approach to address the mechanisms involved in cellular signaling and we identified interactions between Mg-ProtoIX and a large number of proteins associated with oxidative stress responses. Our approach revealed an interaction between Mg-ProtoIX and the heat shock protein 90-type protein, HSP81-2 suggesting that a regulatory complex including HSP90 proteins and tetrapyrroles controlling gene expression is evolutionarily conserved between yeast and plants. In addition, our list of putative Mg-ProtoIX-binding proteins demonstrated that binding of tetrapyrroles does not depend on a specific amino acid motif but possibly on a specific fold of the protein.
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| 7. |
- Peterson Wulff, Ragna, et al.
(författare)
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The activity of barley NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C is independent of the oligomeric state of the protein: tetrameric structure determined by cryo-electron microscopy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 50:18, s. 3713-3723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase can regulate cell metabolism through redox regulation of disulfide bridges or through removal of H(2)O(2). These two enzymatic functions are combined in NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC), which contains an N-terminal thioredoxin reductase domain fused with a C-terminal thioredoxin domain. Rice NTRC exists in different oligomeric states, depending on the absence or presence of its NADPH cofactor. It has been suggested that the different oligomeric states may have diverse activity. Thus, the redox status of the chloroplast could influence the oligomeric state of NTRC and thereby its activity. We have characterized the oligomeric states of NTRC from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). This also includes a structural model of the tetrameric NTRC derived from cryo-electron microscopy and single-particle reconstruction. We conclude that the tetrameric NTRC is a dimeric arrangement of two NTRC homodimers. Unlike that of rice NTRC, the quaternary structure of barley NTRC complexes is unaffected by addition of NADPH. The activity of NTRC was tested with two different enzyme assays. The N-terminal part of NTRC was tested in a thioredoxin reductase assay. A peroxide sensitive Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MPE) cyclase enzyme system of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway was used to test the catalytic ability of both the N- and C-terminal parts of NTRC. The different oligomeric assembly states do not exhibit significantly different activities. Thus, it appears that the activities are independent of the oligomeric state of barley NTRC.
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| 8. |
- Ahlgren, Serina, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable performance of lignocellulose-based ethanol and biogas co-produced in innovative biorefinery systems
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study delineates promising, innovative and resource efficient biochemical production concepts for the integrated production of ethanol and biogas as vehicle fuels from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock. Four scenarios are studied, two based on straw as feedstock, including a small- and a large-scale biofuel plant, one based on hemp as feedstock, representing an energy crop, and large-scale plant, and one based on a forest residue-based, large-scale plant. The study is based on a literature review and previous and ongoing work performed by the project partners, where the efficiency in pre-treatment and bioconversion to fuels in integrated processes have been experimentally determined. The complementary assessments performed within the study include modelling of energy and cost performance, and life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas performance. In addition, suitable geographic locations are identified, based on the technical implementation potential in existing infrastructure in Swedish district heating systems and forest industries, and on the regional potential of sustainable lignocellulosic feedstock supply from agriculture and forestry. The overall conclusion is that integrated production of ethanol and biogas from lignocellulosic feedstock is promising from various aspects and has the potential to provide several benefits, compared with separate production systems.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Therese M. -L., et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the cure proportion of malignant melanoma, an alternative approach to assess long term survival : A population-based study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7821 .- 1877-783X. ; 38:1, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: A large proportion of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) do not experience excess mortality due to their disease. This group of patients is referred to as the cure proportion. Few studies have examined the possibility of cure for CMM. The aim of this study was to estimate the cure proportion of patients with CMM in a Swedish population. Methods: We undertook a population-based study of 5850 CMM patients in two Swedish health care regions during 1996-2005. We used flexible parametric cure models to estimate cure proportions and median survival times (MSTs) of uncured by stage, sex, age and anatomical site. Results: Disease stage at diagnosis was the most important factor for the probability of cure, with a cure proportion of approximately 1.0 for stage IA. While the probability of cure decreased with older age, the influence of age was smaller on the MST of uncured. Differences in prognosis between males and females were mainly attributed to differences in cure as opposed to differences in MST of uncured. Conclusions: This population-based study showed approximately 100% cure among stage IA disease. Almost 50% of patients had stage IA disease and the high cure proportion for this large patient group is reassuring.
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| 10. |
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