| 1. |
- Bejerholm, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Vardagslivet
- 2014. - 2
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Ingår i: Att leva med psykisk funktionsnedsättning : Livssituation och effektiva vård- och stödinsatser - Livssituation och effektiva vård- och stödinsatser. - 9789144083872 ; , s. 117-137
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lundvik Gyllensten, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes in healthcare students towards mental illness : a pre- and post multicenter university program study
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences & Practice. - : Nova Southeastern University. - 1540-580X. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of naturalistic educational interventions on attitudes towards persons with mental illness. Methods: In a pre-post test design, 456 students in vocational University programmes to become nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, psychologists, and public health workers were studied after a course in mental illness, using questionnaires focusing on familiarity with mental illness and attitudes towards the mentally ill in general and towards schizophrenia in particular. Results: The results revealed a significant improvement for the total group in their being afraid of people with mental illness in general and being more positive towards having mentally ill people living in their neighbourhood. Differences between the student groups were found. Some educational features positively influencing stigmatizing attitudes were identified. Conclusion: Education has some effect on attitudes towards patients with mental illness, mostly on fear. To understand the effective educational ingredients for change, further research is needed.
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| 4. |
- Mobarrez, Fariborz, et al.
(författare)
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A multicolor flow cytometric assay for measurement of platelet-derived microparticles
- 2010
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Ingår i: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 125:3, s. e110-e116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Flow cytometry (FCM) is the most commonly used method for detection of platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs), but it is poorly standardized and mainly used for “bedside” analyses in fresh samples. If PDMPs could be analyzed in previously frozen samples it would increase the usefulness of the method. However, cell membrane fragments from contaminating cells created during freezing/thawing may cause artifacts and disturb measurements. Materials and Methods: PDMPs were labeled with monoclonal antibodies directed against CD42a and CD62P, or CD42a and CD142. The PDMP gate was determined using forward scatter (FSC) and CD42a expression. The mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of CD62P or CD142 positive particles were translated into MESF-values (Molecules of Equivalent Soluble Fluorochrome) using a standard curve. FITC-labeled phalloidin (which binds to intracellular actin) was used to detect destroyed cells/cell fragments. Results: Phalloidin-positive particles were significantly more common in supernatants of frozen/thawed platelet rich and platelet poor plasma samples compared with supernatants of platelet free plasma. Highspeed centrifugation was then used to obtain PDMP samples with low contamination of cell fragments. Electron microscopy showed that these samples contained numerous round stained particles with cellular membranes of a size of 100-700 nm. Reproducibility experiments using plasma samples from healthy individuals showed that the coefficients of variation (CVs) of MESF values of CD62P and CD142 (both intra- and interassay) were <10%, and the variation between two cytometers in two different laboratories was <5%. We also found that PDMP expression of CD142 (i.e. tissue factor [TF]) and CD62P (i.e P-selectin) was around two times higher in samples from type 1-diabetes patients compared with those from healthy controls (p<0.001). Conclusions: The use of MESF values to quantify PDMP expression of P-selectin and TF yields reproducible data and enables comparison of data between laboratories. If high-speed centrifugation is performed, contamination of cell fragments is low in frozen/thawed samples. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Priebe, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing subjective quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and other mental disorders: A pooled analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-9964. ; 121:1-3, s. 251-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subjective quality of life (SQOL) is an important outcome in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. However, there is only limited evidence on factors influencing SQOL, and little is known about whether the same factors influence SQOL in patients with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with SQOL and test whether these factors are equally important in schizophrenia and other disorders. For this we used a pooled data set obtained from 16 studies that had used either the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile or the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life for assessing SQ01_ The sample comprised 3936 patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, and neurotic disorders. After controlling for confounding factors, within-subject clustering, and heterogeneity of findings across studies in linear mixed models, patients with schizophrenia had more favourable SQOL scores than those with mood and neurotic disorders. In all diagnostic groups, older patients, those in employment, and those with lower symptom scores had higher SQOL scores. Whilst the strength of the association between age and SQOL did not differ across diagnostic groups, symptom levels were more strongly associated with SQOL in neurotic than in mood disorders and schizophrenia. The association of employment and SQOL was stronger in mood and neurotic disorders than in schizophrenia. The findings may inform the use and interpretation of SQOL data for patients with schizophrenia. C 2009 Elsevier BA/. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Health care students attitudes towards people with schizophrenia : a survey of eight university training programs
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Psychiatry. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2161-7325 .- 2161-7333. ; 4:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Discrimination and stigmatization of people with mental illness are a global andcomplex phenomenon and there is evidence that negative attitudes and discrimination are alsoprevalent among health care staff and health care students. Methods: Attitudes towards peoplewith schizophrenia among 1101 students in eight different university programs providing trainingfor work in the health care and social sectors were explored, using a cross-sectional design.Results: In five of the eight training programs the majority of the students’ perceived people withschizophrenia as a danger to others. In several aspects police students were found to hold morenegative attitudes than students from other programs. Students with previous experiences ofwork in mental health services and students knowing a person with schizophrenia showed morepositive attitudes. Discussion: In order to decrease negative attitudes and prejudices towardspeople with schizophrenia among students, it is essential that the training includes personal contactwith people with experience of being mental illness.
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| 7. |
- Svensson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Test - retest reliability of two instruments for measuring public attitudes towards persons with mental illness
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Research has identified stigmatization as a major threat to successful treatment of individuals with mental illness. As a consequence several anti-stigma campaigns have been carried out. The results have been discouraging and the field suffers from lack of evidence about interventions that work. There are few reports on psychometric data for instruments used to assess stigma, which thus complicates research efforts. The aim of the present study was to investigate test-retest reliability of the Swedish versions of the questionnaires: FABI and "Changing Minds" and to examine the internal consistency of the two instruments.METHOD: Two instruments, fear and behavioural intentions (FABI) and "Changing Minds", used in earlier studies on public attitudes towards persons with mental illness were translated into Swedish and completed by 51 nursing students on two occasions, with an interval of three weeks. Test-retest reliability was calculated by using weighted kappa coefficient and internal consistency using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient.RESULTS: Both instruments attain at best moderate test-retest reliability. For the Changing Minds questionnaire almost one fifth (17.9%) of the items present poor test-retest reliability and the alpha coefficient for the subscales ranges between 0.19 - 0.46. All of the items in the FABI reach a fair or a moderate agreement between the test and retest, and the questionnaire displays a high internal consistency, alpha 0.80.CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for development of psychometrically tested instruments within this field of research.
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| 8. |
- Tuvesson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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A revised Swedish version of the Ward Atmosphere Scale : Usability and psychometrics
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 64:5, s. 303-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The ward atmosphere of psychiatric care units has a major impact on treatment and satisfaction for both patients and staff. The Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS) was developed to capture the ward atmosphere in different psychiatric settings and is a well-established instrument for this purpose. However, there is need for an update and revision of the WAS.AIM: The aim of the present study was to test a Swedish version of the revised WAS in terms of its internal consistency, content and construct validity, and usability.METHODS: Data collection took place at four psychiatric wards and 31 patients and 34 staff completed the WAS, as well as content and construct validity questions.RESULTS: Results showed that the WAS had acceptable to satisfactory internal consistency for all subscales, except for autonomy. Low correlation values between the WAS and the Good Milieu Index were obtained, against which construct validity was discussed. Results of the content validity and usability questionnaires indicate that the WAS is easy to understand and complete, but some of the items were difficult for the respondents to understand and some of the subjects were missing aspects of the physical ward environment.CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that the Swedish version of the revised WAS can be useful for examining the ward atmosphere in psychiatric care. However, more studies are needed in order to further test the psychometric properties of the WAS and the results of the usability questionnaire may indicate a need to use supplementary instruments in order to capture the physical ward environment as well.
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| 9. |
- Tuvesson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived stress among nursing staff in psychiatric inpatient care : the influence of perceptions of the ward atmosphere and the psychosocial work environment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 32:7, s. 441-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to investigate (1) perceived stress as felt by the nursing staff working in psychiatric inpatient care, (2) possible differences between nurses and nurse assistants, and (3) associations among individual characteristics, the ward atmosphere, the psychosocial work environment, and perceived stress. Ninety-three members of the nursing staff completed three instruments--one each measuring perceived stress, the ward atmosphere, and the psychosocial work environment. There were no differences among the staff groups concerning perceived stress. Multivariate analysis showed that the ward atmosphere factor "Involvement" and the psychosocial work environment factor "Role Clarity" were indicators of perceived stress. Improvements in these factors could help to prevent stress among the staff.
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| 10. |
- Tuvesson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Stress of Conscience among psychiatric nursing staff in relation to environmental and individual factors
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nursing Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 19:2, s. 208-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between environmental and individual factors and Stress of Conscience among nursing staff in psychiatric in-patient care. A questionnaire involving six different instruments measuring Stress of Conscience, the ward atmosphere, the psychosocial work environment, Perceived Stress, Moral Sensitivity, and Mastery was answered by 93 nursing staff at 12 psychiatric in-patient wards in Sweden. The findings showed that Sense of Moral Burden, Mastery, Control at Work and Angry and Aggressive Behavior were related to Stress of Conscience. We conclude that Mastery and Control at Work seemed to work as protective factors, while Sense of Moral Burden and perceptions of Angry and Aggressive Behavior made the nursing staff more vulnerable to Stress of Conscience. Future research should investigate whether measures to increase the level of perceived control and being part of decision making will decrease the level of Stress of Conscience among the staff.
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