| 1. |
- Ekström, Anna Mia, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposures and risk of gastric cancer in a population-based case-control study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472. ; 59:23, s. 5932-5937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastric cancer trends seem to follow improvements in the environment of blue-collar workers, but the etiological role of occupational exposures in gastric carcinogenesis is scantily investigated. The risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in 10 common occupational industries, and particularly the long-term effects of asbestos, organic solvents, impregnating agents, insecticides, and herbicides, were evaluated in a population-based case- control study, including data on most established risk factors. The study base included all individuals of ages 40-79, born in Sweden and living in either of two areas (total population, 1.3 million) with differing gastric cancer incidences, from February 1989 through January 1995. We interviewed 567 cases classified to site (cardia/noncardia) and histological type, and 11(15 population-based controls, frequency-matched for age and sex. Metal workers had a 46% excess gastric cancer risk [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10-1.94], increasing to 1.65 (95% CI, 1.17- 2.32) for >10 years in the industry. The elevated risk after exposure to herbicides (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.13-2.15) was attributable to phenoxyacetic acids (adjusted OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.16-2.48), similarly across tumor subtypes, and not modified by smoking, body mass index, or Helicobacter pylori. The absence of interaction was demonstrated by the pure multiplicative effect found among those exposed to both H. pylori and phenoxyacetic acids (OR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.41-8.26). Organic solvents, insecticides, impregnating agents, and asbestos were not associated with gastric cancer risk. Employment in the metal industry and exposure to phenoxyacetic acids were both positively and independently associated with gastric cancer risk. The fractions of all gastric cancers attributable to these job-related exposures were small but not negligible (7 and 5%, respectively) in the Swedish population.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Increased cancer incidence in physicians, dentists, and health care workers
- 1998
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Ingår i: Oncology Reports. - 1021-335X. ; 5:6, s. 1413-1418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some earlier reports have indicated increased incidence or mortality of specific tumor types in various health care professions. In this study we have evaluated cancer incidence in physicians, dentists, and other health care workers using the Swedish Cancer Environment Register (CER), which was formed by record-linkage between the 1970 census on current occupation and Cancer Register incidence data in 1971-84. In all three profession categories studied an increased risk was found, as well for all malignant tumors combined, as for specific tumor types regarding the different occupations. Possible etiological factors responsible for these risks are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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A case-control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and exposure to pesticides
- 1999
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Ingår i: Cancer. - 0008-543X. ; 85:6, s. 1353-1360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has increased in most Western countries during the last few decades. Immunodefective conditions are established risk factors. In 1981, the authors reported an increased risk for NHL following exposure to certain pesticides. The current study was designed to further elucidate the importance of phenoxyacetic acids and other pesticides in the etiology of NHL. METHODS. A population-based case-control study in northern and middle Sweden encompassing 442 cases and twice as many controls was performed. Exposure data were ascertained by comprehensive questionnaires, and the questionnaires were supplemented by telephone interviews. In total, 404 cases and 741 controls answered the questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the SAS statistical data program. RESULTS. Increased risk for NHL was found for subjects exposed to herbicides (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.5) and fungicides (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.1-13.0). Among herbicides, the phenoxyacetic acids dominated (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.9-2.4); and, when subclassified, one of these, 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), turned out to be significantly associated with NHL (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.0- 6.9). For several categories of herbicides, it was noted that only exposure during the most recent decades before diagnosis of NHL was associated with an increased risk of NHL. Exposure to impregnating agents and insecticides was, at most, only weakly related to NHL. CONCLUSIONS. Exposure to herbicides in total, including phenoxyacetic acids, during the decades before NHL diagnosis resulted in increased risk for NHL. Thus, the risk following exposure was related to the latency period. Fungicides also increased the risk for NHL when combined, but this group consisted of several different agents, and few subjects were exposed to each type of fungicide.
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| 4. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Agent orange in war medicine : An aftermath myth
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Services. - 0020-7314. ; 28:4, s. 715-724
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the late 1970s several epidemiological studies have appeared linking exposure to phenoxy herbicides or chlorophenols to some malignant tumors. Most of these compounds are contaminated with dioxins and dibenzofurans; for example, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a contaminant of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), a component of Agent Orange which was sprayed in Vietnam during the war. The results of some of the epidemiological studies on cancer risks associated with exposure to these compounds have been manipulated and misinterpreted, particularly by the Australian Royal Commission on the Use and Effects of Chemical Agents on Australian Personnel in Vietnam. Furthermore, a book on Australian war history entitled Medicine at War, commissioned by the Federal Government, reiterates several of these misinterpretations, despite available contrary evaluations from Australian and U.S. authorities. These remarkable and confusing circumstances in the scientific process are considered also in the light of the recent classification of TCDD as carcinogenic to humans, Group 1, by a Working Group at the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon, France.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Mats G., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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No association between immunohistochemical expression of p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, estrogen and progesterone receptors in female papillary thyroid cancer and ionizing radiation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - Clare, Ireland : Elsevier. - 0304-3835 .- 1872-7980. ; 120:2, s. 173-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An association has previously been reported between exposure to medical diagnostic ionizing radiation and papillary thyroid cancer in women. To further evaluate potential mechanisms in carcinogenesis, the expression of p53, c-erbB-2, as well as Ki-67, estrogen and progesterone receptors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 19 women exposed to X-rays and for comparison in nine women without such reported exposure. They all had papillary thyroid cancer. No difference was found between these groups. The results of this study showed that p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, estrogen and progesterone receptors are not involved in papillary thyroid cancer associated with exposure to medical diagnostic ionizing radiation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Schildt, Elsy-Britt, 1955-
(författare)
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Etiology of oral cancer
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Tondel, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of neoplasms in ages 0-19 y in parts of Sweden with high 137Cs fallout after the Chernobyl accident
- 1996
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Ingår i: Health Physics. - 0017-9078 .- 1538-5159. ; 71:6, s. 947-950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of neoplasms in childhood and adolescence in northern and central Sweden before and after the radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident was investigated in an ecologic study, 1978 to 1992. The study included all parishes in the six most contaminated counties classified after aerial mapping of ground radiation from 137Cs and investigated 746 cases of neoplasms in ages 0-19 y, diagnosed in the six counties. Incidence and relative risks of neoplasms were compared in areas with high, intermediate, and low contamination after versus before the Chernobyl accident in 1986. A continuous increase of brain tumor incidence in the ages 0-19 y during the period 1978-92 without clear relationship to the Chernobyl fallout was discovered. No clear relationship between the incidence of brain tumor and the exposure to varying levels of radiation from 137Cs was apparent. A somewhat decreased relative risk of acute lymphatic leukemia appeared in areas with increased exposure. Other neoplasms showed no changes in incidence over time or with regard to exposure. Until now, there is no indication that the Chernobyl accident has affected the incidence of childhood and adolescence neoplasms in Sweden, but it is still too early for any final conclusion about the effect of this event.
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