| 1. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose Tissue Concentrations of Dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Titers of Antibodies to Epstein–Barr Virus Early Antigen and the Risk for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- 2001
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351. ; 87:2, s. 99-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rapid increase in the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been reported in many countries. Exposure to certain pesticides or organochlorines has been shown to be a risk factor. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that has been associated with some subgroups of NHL, such as Burkitt lymphoma and lymphomas related to severe immunosuppression. In this study we measured concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans in 33 NHL cases and 39 surgical controls. For 23 of the cases and 32 of the controls EBV titers were also available. Median titer of antibodies to EBV early antigen (EA) IgG was higher in patients than in controls. Concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans were divided into two groups according to the median concentration for the controls. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index. For several higher chlorinated congeners increased risk was found for patients in the high-concentration and high-titer group. For toxic equivalency factor >27.79 and EA>80 an odds ratio of 2.8 with 95% confidence interval 0.52–18 was calculated. These results indicated that current exposure to certain organochlorines in combination with EBV might increase the risk for NHL.
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| 2. |
- Nordström, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Concentrations of Organochlorines Related to Titers to Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen IgG as Risk Factors for Hairy Cell Leukemia
- 2000
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Ingår i: Environmental Health Perspectives. ; 108:5, s. 441-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell malignancy that, according to modern classifications, is a subgroup of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) . A rapid increase in incidence of NHL has been reported in many countries. The reasons for this increase are largely unknown, but exposure to organochlorines has been suggested as a risk factor. Epstein-Barr virus is a human herpesvirus that has been associated with certain subgroups of NHL. In this study, we measured lipid adjusted blood concentrations (in nanogram per gram) of 36 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) , p,p´-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p´-DDE) , hexachlorobenzene (HCB) , and four subgroups of chlordanes (trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, MC6, and oxychlordane) in incident cases of HCL and controls from the general population. We obtained results on organochlorines and antibodies for 54 cases and 54 controls. Titers of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr early antigen and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen, measured as P107, were correlated to concentrations of organochlorines to evaluate the possibility of an interaction between these factors in the pathogenesis of HCL. We found no significant difference in lipid-adjusted blood concentrations of total PCBs, p,p´-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanes between cases and controls. Titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr early antigen IgG 40 were correlated to an increased risk for HCL. This risk was further increased in those with a level above the median value of p,p´-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanes, suggesting an interaction between Epstein-Barr virus and a higher concentration of these chemicals. We also found increased risk for the sum of immunotoxic PCB group.
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| 3. |
- Dreifaldt, Ann Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Increasing incidence rates of childhood malignant diseases in Sweden during the period 1960–1998
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 40:9, s. 1351-1360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analysed the trends in incidence rates of childhood cancer in Sweden. All cases of malignant diseases and benign brain tumours in children, 0-14 years old, reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1960 to 1998 were included, n=9298. Cases were classified according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. Average annual change in incidence rate was calculated to +1.01%, (95% confidence interval CI=0.80, 1.22). An increase in incidence rate per year was found for leukaemia, +0.85% (95% CI=0.42, 1.28), lymphomas +1.87% (95% CI=1.17, 2.58), CNS (central nervous system) tumours +1.45% (95% CI=1.02, 1.88), sympathetic nervous system tumours +1.61% (95% CI=0.79, 2.44), hepatic tumours +2.62% (95% CI=2.02, 3.21), and germ cell and gonadal tumours +1.21% (95% CI=0.23, 2.19). Of the CNS tumours, significant changes were seen for low-grade glioma/astrocytoma +2.10% (95% CI=1.41, 2.80), benign brain tumours +3.77% (95% CI=2.47, 5.10), and PNET/medulloblastoma +1.96% (95% CI=0.48, 3.46). Changes in diagnostic criteria and better diagnostic tools may have contributed to these results.
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| 4. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Breast-feeding duration and the risk of malignant diseases in childhood in Sweden
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 55:3, s. 179-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To evaluate childhood cancer in relation to duration of breast-feeding.SETTING:Sweden. Records from Child Healthcare Centres were scrutinised regarding information on breast-feeding and other health-related items.SUBJECTS:All children aged 0-14 y with a malignant disease (benign brain tumours included) during the time period 1988-91 (n = 962) were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register. An equal number of controls matched for sex and age were selected from the Swedish Birth Register.RESULTS:Information was obtained for 835 cases and 860 controls. Overall, duration of breast-feeding did not influence the risk for a malignant disease in this age group. However, breast-feeding > or = 1 month increased the risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) yielding an odds ratio (OR) 5.5 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-25. Breast-feeding 1 -< 6 months gave OR 5.1, CI 1.1-24 and > 6 months gave OR 7.0, CI 1.3-37 with a significant trend (P = 0.04). Adjustment for maternal and birth-related co-variates gave similar results. For other malignancies no significant changes of the risk were obtained.CONCLUSIONS:Overall, no association between duration of breast-feeding and childhood malignancies was found except for a significantly increased risk for NHL, but this was based on low numbers of cases and needs to be confirmed in other investigations
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| 5. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiological studies on cancer and exposure to dioxins and related compounds.
- 2003. - 2
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Ingår i: Dioxins and health. - Linköping : Linköpings universitet. - 0471433551 - 9780471433552 ; , s. 729-764
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Now in its third edition, Dioxins and Healthis the most respected reference of its kind, presenting the latest scientific findings on dioxins, dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds, and their impact on human health. The book fully examines the many toxicological effects—including immunological, neurological, developmental, dermatological, and cardiological—these chemicals have on health.This Third Editionhas been greatly expanded with the latest research findings on dioxins and related compounds. Moreover, it now includes coverage of other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine disruptors, including:Brominated flame retardants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecanePerfluorinated chemicals such as perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acidOther endocrine disrupting chemicals similar to POPs such as bisphenol AReaders will also learn about the latest findings on the long-term impacts caused by the use of Agent Orange in Vietnam. Other chapters review the Seveso disaster in Italy and the Yusho and Yucheng rice oil poisoning incidents in Japan and Taiwan. In addition, there is a full chapter dedicated to the dioxin poisoning of former Ukraine President Victor Yushchenko.All the chapters in the book have been written by leading international experts. References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the primary literature in the field.Expertly organized in one volume, Dioxins and Health offers readers quick access to essential information about dioxins and related compounds written in clear, simple language that is accessible to not only scientists, clinicians and public health professionals, but also general readers.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to pesticides as risk factor for Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and hairy cell leukemia : Pooled analysis of two Swedish case-control studies
- 2002
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 43:5, s. 1043-1049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) following exposure to certain pesticides has previously been reported. To further elucidate the importance of phenoxyacetic acids and other pesticides in the etiology of NHL a pooled analysis was performed on two case-control studies, one on NHL and another on hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a rare subtype of NHL. The studies were population based with cases identified from cancer registry and controls from population registry. Data assessment was ascertained by questionnaires supplemented over the telephone by specially trained interviewers. The pooled analysis of NHL and HCL was based on 515 cases and 1141 controls. Increased risks in univariate analysis were found for subjects exposed to herbicides (OR 1.75, CI 95% 1.26-2.42), insecticides (OR 1.43, CI95% 1.08-1.87), fungicides (OR 3.11, CI 95% 1.56-6.27) and impregnating agents (OR 1.48, CI 95% 1.11-1.96). Among herbicides, significant associations were found for glyphosate (OR 3.04, CI 95% 1.08-8.52) and 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) (OR 2.62, CI 95% 1.40-4.88). For several categories of pesticides the highest risk was found for exposure during the latest decades before diagnosis. However, in multivariate analyses the only significantly increased risk was for a heterogeneous category of other herbicides than above.
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| 8. |
- Kärrman, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Perfluoroalkylated compounds in whole blood andplasma from the Swedish population
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The levels of five perfluoroalkylated (PFA) compounds, PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFOSA andPFNA were determined in whole blood and plasma from 47 males and 36 femalesrepresenting the Swedish population. The analytical method developed and used includessolid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography electrospray masspectrometry. PFOS wasthe PFA found at the highest concentration in whole blood (18.2 pg/ul) followed by PFOSA(4.1 pg/μl), PFOA (2.7 pg/μl), PFHxS (2.3 pg/μl) and PFNA (0.3 pg/μl). Besides the fivecompounds determined, we were able to detect PFHxA, PFDA, PFDS, PFUnDA, PFDoDAand PFTDA in some of the samples/at low concentrations, the only compound included in thisstudy that we did not detect was PFBuS. This shows that the Swedish population are exposedfor a large number of PFAs. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA correspond to thosefound in USA. The correlation between PFOS and the other compounds was studied in orderto find out if there is a common source of exposure. Only a very week correlation betweenPFOS and PFOA could be seen.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Tondel, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Increase of regional total cancer incidence in North Sweden due to the Chernobyl accident?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of epidemiology and community health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X. ; 58:12, s. 1011-1016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study objective: Is there any epidemiologically visible influence on the cancer incidence after the Chernobyl fallout in Sweden? Design: A cohort study was focused on the fallout of caesium-137 in relation to cancer incidence 1988–1996. Setting: In northern Sweden, affected by the Chernobyl accident in 1986, 450 parishes were categorised by caesium-137 deposition: <3 (reference), 3–29, 30–39, 40–59, 60–79, and 80–120 kiloBecquerel/m2. Participants: All people 0–60 years living in these parishes in 1986 to 1987 were identified and enrolled in a cohort of 1 143 182 persons. In the follow up 22 409 incident cancer cases were retrieved in 1988–1996. A further analysis focused on the secular trend. Main results: Taking age and population density as confounding factors, and lung cancer incidence in 1988–1996 and total cancer incidence in 1986–1987 by municipality as proxy confounders for smoking and time trends, respectively, the adjusted relative risks for the deposition categories were 1.00 (reference <3 kiloBecquerel/m2), 1.05, 1.03, 1.08, 1.10, and 1.21. The excess relative risk was 0.11 per 100 kiloBecquerel/m2 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.20). Considering the secular trend, directly age standardised cancer incidence rate differences per 100 000 person years between 1988 to 1996 and the reference period 1986–1987, were 30.3 (indicating a time trend in the reference category), 36.8, 42.0, 45.8, 50.1, and 56.4. No clear excess occurred for leukaemia or thyroid cancer. Conclusions: Unless attributable to chance or remaining uncontrolled confounding, a slight exposure related increase in total cancer incidence has occurred in northern Sweden after the Chernobyl accident.
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