| 1. |
- Enlund, Desirée, PhD, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of sensors in the production of smart city spaces
- 2022
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Ingår i: Big Data and Society. - : SAGE Publications Ltd. - 2053-9517. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart cities build on the idea of collecting data about the city in order for city administration to be operated more efficiently. Within a research project gathering an interdisciplinary team of researchers ? engineers, designers, gender scholars and human geographers ? we have been working together using participatory design approaches to explore how paying attention to the diversity of human needs may contribute to making urban spaces comfortable and safe for more people. The project team has deployed sensors collecting data on air quality, sound and mobility in a smart city testbed in Norrköping, Sweden. While these sensors are meant to capture an accurate ?map? of the street and what is going on along it, our interdisciplinary conversations around the sensors have revealed the heterogeneity both of smart city planning and spatial formulations of the city. The discussions have given rise to questions regarding the work that goes into constructing the sensor box itself, as well as the work of deploying it, and how these influence the ?map? that the sensors produce. In this paper, we draw on Lefebvre to explore how the sensors themselves produce smart spaces. We analyze how the box depends on perceived space to function (e.g. requiring electricity), and simultaneously it produces conceptualizations of space that are influenced by the materiality of the box itself (e.g. sensors being affected by heat and noise). Further, we explore how the (in)visibility of sensor technology influences lived space.
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| 2. |
- Harrison, Katherine, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability means inclusivity: Engaging citizens in early stage smart city development
- 2021
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2020 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY (ISTAS). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781665430401 - 9781665415071 ; , s. 413-416
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The challenge of how cities can be designed and developed in an inclusive and sustainable direction is monumental. Smart city technologies currently offer the most promising solution for long-term sustainability. However, smart city projects have been criticised for ignoring diverse needs of the local population and increasing social divides. A sustainable urban environment depends as much on creating an inclusive space that is safe, accessible and comfortable for a diverse group of citizens as it does on deploying "smart" technologies for energy efficiency or environmental protection. This is because citizens will be more likely to adopt technologies promoting sustainability if they are well-aligned with their lived needs and experiences. In this paper, we present the rationale behind an ongoing interdisciplinary research project that aims to address exactly the problem outlined above by using a participatory design approach. Focusing on a smart city test site in Sweden where sensors are currently being deployed to collect data on noise, particles, vehicle numbers and types (amongst other), the goal is to bring local residents and government representatives into dialogue with technical developers by adopting a "meet-in-the-middle" approach. This paper comprises a brief presentation of early findings and a reflection on this approach.
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| 3. |
- Arnelid, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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What Does It Mean to Measure a Smile? : Assigning numerical values to emotions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Valuation Studies. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 2001-5992. ; 9:1, s. 79-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article looks at the implications of emotion recognition, zooming in on the specific case of the care robot Pepper introduced at a hospital in Toronto. Here, emotion recognition comes with the promise of equipping robots with a less tangible, more emotive set of skills – from companionship to encouragement. Through close analysis of a variety of materials related to emotion detection software – iMotions – we look into two aspects of the technology. First, we investigate the how of emotion detection: what does it mean to detect emotions in practice? Second, we reflect on the question of whose emotions are measured, and what the use of care robots can say about the norms and values shaping care practices today. We argue that care robots and emotion detection can be understood as part of a fragmentation of care work: a process in which care is increasingly being understood as a series of discrete tasks rather than as holistic practice. Finally, we draw attention to the multitude of actors whose needs are addressed by Pepper, even while it is being imagined as a care provider for patients.
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| 4. |
- Harrison, Katherine, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Affective Corners as a Problematic for Design Interactions
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 2573-9522. ; 12:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Domestic robots are already commonplace in many homes, while humanoid companion robots like Pepper are increasingly becoming part of different kinds of care work. Drawing on fieldwork at a robotics lab, as well as our personal encounters with domestic robots, we use here the metaphor of “hard-to-reach corners” to explore the socio-technical limitations of companion robots and our differing abilities to respond to these limitations. This paper presents “hard-to-reach-corners” as a problematic for design interaction, offering them as an opportunity for thinking about context and intersectional aspects of adaptation.
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| 5. |
- Harrison, Katherine, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The Imperfectly Relatable Robot : An Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Role of Failure in HRI
- 2023
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Ingår i: HRI 2023. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450399708 ; , s. 917-919
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Focusing on failure to improve human-robot interactions represents a novel approach that calls into question human expectations of robots, as well as posing ethical and methodological challenges to researchers. Fictional representations of robots (still for many non-expert users the primary source of expectations and assumptions about robots) often emphasize the ways in which robots surpass/perfect humans, rather than portraying them as fallible. Thus, to encounter robots that come too close, drop items or stop suddenly starts to close the gap between fiction and reality. These kinds of failures - if mitigated by explanation or recovery procedures - have the potential to make the robot a little more relatable and human-like. However, studying failures in human-robot interaction requires producing potentially difficult or uncomfortable interactions in which robots failing to behave as expected may seem counterintuitive and unethical. In this space, interdisciplinary conversations are the key to untangling the multiple challenges and bringing themes of power and context into view. In this workshop, we invite researchers from across the disciplines to an interactive, interdisciplinary discussion around failure in social robotics. Topics for discussion include (but are not limited to) methodological and ethical challenges around studying failure in HRI, epistemological gaps in defining and understanding failure in HRI, sociocultural expectations around failure and users' responses.
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| 6. |
- Winkle, Katie, et al.
(författare)
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Feminist human-robot interaction : disentangling power, principles and practice for beter, more ethical HRI
- 2023
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Ingår i: HRI 2023. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450399647 ; , s. 72-82, s. 72-82
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is inherently a human-centric feld of technology. The role of feminist theories in related felds (e.g. Human-Computer Interaction, Data Science) are taken as a starting point to present a vision for Feminist HRI which can support better, more ethical HRI practice everyday, as well as a more activist research and design stance. We frst defne feminist design for an HRI audience and use a set of feminist principles from neighboring felds to examine existent HRI literature, showing the progress that has been made already alongside some additional potential ways forward. Following this we identify a set of refexive questions to be posed throughout the HRI design, research and development pipeline, encouraging a sensitivity to power and to individuals' goals and values. Importantly, we do not look to present a defnitive, fxed notion of Feminist HRI, but rather demonstrate the ways in which bringing feminist principles to our feld can lead to better, more ethical HRI, and to discuss how we, the HRI community, might do this in practice.
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