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- Harvard, Jonas, 1971-
(författare)
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Applying a revised concept of historical media events : The case of an airship landing 1919
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applying a revised concept of historical media events: The case of an airship landing 1919. Historical media events challenge the original conceptualization of ”media event” by Dayan & Katz (1992), which focused on broadcasted synchronized events. This focus limited the application of the concept to the post war era and to particular types of events. In a recent issue of Media, Culture & Society, commemorating the 25 year anniversary of the publication of Dayan & Katz’ original book, Espen Ytreberg (2017) proposes a revised framework for analysing historical media events, in which he combines the English language tradition established by Dayan & Katz with German approaches (Hamm 1996) that propose much broader definitions. The current paper presents a test of the analytical value of Ytrebergs’ reconceptualization against the case of an airship landing in Stockholm 1919 and discusses the framework in relation to other historical applications of the media event concept (Wilke 2010, Ytreberg 2014, Harvard 2018). The airship landing displays many of the properties specified by Ytreberg as typical for a historical media event: It was pre-planned to insure large crowds at the landing spot and extensive media coverage, it made extensive use of synchronization media technologies such as the telegraph, and it also displayed strong tendencies of mediatisation, almost to the point of constituting a “pseudo-event”. The analysis reveals that the approach advocated by Ytreberg, despite its broader scope, serves as a useful categorization tool, specifying the properties separating historical “media events” from historical events covered by the media in general. However, the analysis also reveals a weakness in the model. While the categorization of different properties of mediatised historical events helps organize empirical observations, it presents a weaker framework for providing explanations. A case in point is strategic actor intent. Organising large-scale synchronized events with the intent of obtaining real-time media coverage and public participation, has historically often been made with specific strategic communicative intentions. The planned media coverage of the airship visit was intended to rouse interest in the upcoming establishment of a commercial airship transport route. The paper discusses the dimension of strategic actor intent as an indicator of the limitations in the explanatory value of the model, against the case of the airship landing as well as some other illustrative examples. Through the application and critical discussion of the revised model of historical media events, the paper contributes to theoretical development and our understanding of how historically developing media formats and structures have changed the preconditions for media involvement in large-scale public events over time.
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- Harvard, Jonas, 1971-
(författare)
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Socialist Communication Strategies And The Spring Of 1917 : Managing revolutionary opinion through the media system
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0346-8755 .- 1502-7716. ; 44:2, s. 169-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Russian Revolution of 1917 presented Swedish Social Democrats with a dilemma: how could they use the transnational revolutionary momentum to further universal suffrage, without supporting actions possibly leading to violence? In striking this balance, the use of communications was central. This article uses the concept of the media system to analyse the communicative practices and strategies developed by the Party in the early 20th century, and how these were employed between 1915 and 1917, in relation to the hunger marches and revolutionary pressures. The study shows that the Party had established conscious agitation strategies and an elaborate national communication structure, which enabled coordinated opinion activities. As early as 1915, the Party began using these tools to initiate a national opinion movement concerning the food situation. In 1917, faced with the combination of events in Russia and erupting hunger marches, the Party leadership chose to emphasize security and stability, focusing on events the Party could control, such as the 1 May demonstrations. The resulting development of revolutionary opinion in Sweden during the spring of 1917 and the ensuing political changes reflected conscious media management strategies by the Left, who used the media system to navigate and shape a transnational revolutionary moment.
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- Kihlberg, Jakob, 1976-
(författare)
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Gränslösa anspråk : Offentliga möten och skapandet av det internationella, 1840–1860
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first congresses that claimed to be “international” without involving state representatives took place in the middle of the nineteenth century. In this dissertation these public meetings, with participants from many countries in Europe and America, are described as mediated events related to a specific imaginary of the public sphere. Three cases are studied in detail: two antislavery conventions that were held in London in the 1840s, a series of peace congresses that took place in Brussels, Paris, Frankfurt and London between 1848 and 1851, and four international philanthropic congresses organised in the same cities during the second half of the 1850s and in the first years of the 1860s.The aim of the dissertation is to show that these meetings were arranged as a new form of international actors, and how different media were used to accomplish this. These early international meetings were part of a dynamic culture of public speaking in Europe in the nineteenth century, but they were also closely connected to the development of new forms of printed media. In the dissertation the meetings are analysed as multimedia events, as constellations of speech, image and text. The focus is not primarily on how the meetings transmitted information, but rather on the means by which they created legitimacy, participation and identification.I demonstrate that the logic of the meetings was closely tied to what can be called the mobilisation of reform elites, in the sense that the organisers both presented support from such collectives, and at the same time tried to activate audiences and get them to identify as belonging to these groups. In this respect the investigation relies on a discussion of mediated publics and political representation, notably the theory of representative claims developed by the political theorist Michael Saward. As a general conclusion, I argue that this way of mobilising reform elites was central to the new type of internationality created through these meetings.
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