| 1. |
- Hedberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Electrocardiogram and B-type natriuretic peptide as screening tools for left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a population-based sample of 75-year-old men and women
- 2004
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 148:3, s. 524-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been suggested as a powerful screening tool for left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, there are reports indicating that the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) could be just as powerful. We aimed to evaluate the 12-lead ECG and BNP as screening tools for left ventricular systolic dysfunction in an elderly, unselected population.Methods: In a randomly selected population-based sample of 75-year-old men and women (n = 407), diagnostic characteristics were evaluated for the ECG and plasma concentration of BNP to detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Results: Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values for the ECG to detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction were 96%, 79%, 100%, and 26%, respectively. The corresponding values for the BNP (cut-off value 28 pg/mL) were 93%, 55%, 99%, and 13%. In participants without major abnormalities in the ECG, left ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in <1% (1/302), irrespective of BNP concentrations. In participants with abnormal ECGs, systolic dysfunction was more prevalent in persons with abnormal BNP concentrations than in those with normal concentrations (35% vs 3%, difference 32%, 95%CI for the difference 16%–44%)Conclusions: In 75-year-old subjects both the ECG and the plasma concentration of BNP are highly efficient in excluding left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, compared with the BNP, the ECG yields a lower number of false positive cases. In screening for left ventricular systolic dysfunction, the BNP has a diagnostic value in addition to the ECG, but only in individuals with abnormal ECGs.
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| 2. |
- Hedberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 75-year-old men and women : A population-based study
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 22:8, s. 676-683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To determine the prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 75-year-old men and women.Methods and Results In a population-based random sample of 75-year-old subjects (n = 433; response rate 70.1%) the left ventricular systolic function was determined using two echocardiographic methods: (1) wall motion in nine left ventricular segments was visually scored and wall motion index was calculated as the mean value of the nine segments and (2) ejection fraction as measured by the disc summation method. Presence of heart failure was determined by a cardiologist's clinical evaluation. Wall motion index was achievable in 95% of the participants while ejection fraction was measurable in 65%. Normal values were obtained from a healthy subgroup (n = 108) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction was defined as the 0.5th percentile of the wall motion index (i.e. <1.7). In participants in whom both ejection fraction and wall motion index were achievable, wall motion index <1.7 predicted ejection fraction <43% with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.0% and 99.6%, respectively. The prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction was 6.8% (95% CI, 5.6-8.0%) and was greater in men than in women (10.2% vs 3.4%, P = 0.006). Clinical evidence of heart failure was absent in 46% of the participants with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Conclusions Left ventricular systolic dysfunction is common among 75-year-olds with a prevalence of 6.8% in our estimate. The condition is more likely to affect men than women. In nearly half of 75-year-olds with left ventricular systolic dysfunction there is no clinical evidence of heart failure.
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| 3. |
- Hedberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Mitral annulus motion compared with wall motion scoring index in the assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. - 0894-7317 .- 1097-6795. ; 16:6, s. 622-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The biplane disc summation method is the recommended echocardiographic procedure to determine left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Assessment of mitral annulus motion (MAM) or wall motion scoring index (WMI) has been reported to be less dependent on image quality compared with the recommended method, and proposed as a surrogate to the disc summation method in calculation of LVEF. We aimed to compare MAM and WMI in the echocardiographic assessment of LVEF. In a randomly selected population-based sample of 75-year-old men and women in sinus rhythm (n = 409) MAM, as measured by M-mode, was compared with WMI, calculated as the mean value of wall motion scoring in 9 LV segments. LVEF, as measured by the biplane disc summation method was used as reference. The limits of agreement (mean difference ± 1.96 SD) between LVEF and corresponding MAM values were −18 to +13 LVEF%, and between LVEF and corresponding WMI values were −12 to +13 LVEF%. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for MAM and WMI to predict a LVEF < 50% were 0.892 and 0.998, respectively (95% confidence interval of the difference 0.062-0.149). The corresponding areas for MAM and WMI to predict a LVEF < 40% were 0.955 and 0.998, respectively (95% confidence interval of the difference 0.017-0.069). In conclusion, the ability of WMI to estimate LVEF was more favorable than MAM in this population-based sample of 75-year-old participants. The findings suggest that the WMI is preferable to MAM in estimating LVEF.
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| 4. |
- Sundstedt, M., et al.
(författare)
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Left ventricular volumes during exercise in endurance athletes assessed by contrast echocardiography
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 182:1, s. 45-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The objective was to assess left ventricular (LV) volumes at rest and during upright submaximal exercise in endurance athletes to see whether changes in heart volume could explain the large predicted increase in cardiac output in endurance athletes. Method: Contrast echocardiography was used to assess changes in LV volumes during upright bicycle exercise in 24 healthy male endurance athletes. Maximal oxygen uptake and oxygen pulse were measured by using cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Results: From rest to exercise at a heart rate of 160 beats min(-1) end-diastolic volume increased by 18% (P < 0.001) and end-systolic volume decreased by 21% (P = 0.002). Stroke volume showed an almost linear increase during exercise (45% increase, P < 0.001). The increase in end-diastolic volume contributed to 73% of the increase in stroke volume. No significant differences were observed between stroke volume calculated from LV volumes with contrast echocardiography and stroke volume calculated from oxygen pulse at heart rates of 130 and 160 beats min(-1). Using the linear regression equation between oxygen uptake and cardiac output assessed by echocardiography during exercise (r = 0.87, P = 0.002), cardiac output at maximal exercise was estimated at 33 +/- 3 L min(-1), with an estimated increase in stroke volume by 69% from rest to maximal exercise. Conclusion: By using contrast echocardiography, a large increase in stroke volume in endurance athletes could be explained by an almost linear increase in end-diastolic volume and an initial small decrease in end-systolic volume during incremental upright exercise.
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