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- Hedborg Bengtsson, Susanna
(författare)
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Innovation in the construction industry : Factors, actors and the client's role
- 2017
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Ingår i: Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM - 33rd Annual Conference 2017, Proceeding. - : Association of Researchers in Construction Management (ARCOM). - 9780995546318 ; , s. 104-113
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation in project-based organisations (PBOs), notably in the construction industry, is challenging. Based on a literature review of innovation in PBOs and three empirical cases from the construction industry, this paper explores factors and actors that affect innovation in the 'loosely-coupled' construction industry. The literature review reveals the following factors as important for innovation: solution, initiators, impact, driving forces, development and future aim. When analysing the empirical cases, findings suggest that also the number of interdependent actors affect innovation and that the client's role becomes increasingly important as the number of interdependent actors increases. On generic level tentative findings suggests that there is a difference in scale between process innovations that are systemic or non-systemic dependent upon the number of actors involved. Furthermore, these findings shape directions for future research: to develop better understanding of systemic process innovation in the construction industry; as well as to increase the understanding of how systemic process innovation can diffuse between the interdependent and fragmented actors in the construction industry.
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| 2. |
- Hedborg Bengtsson, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of construction project actors' motivation on externally initiated systemic innovation
- 2017
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH NORDIC CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION. - Lyngby : POLYTEKNISK FORLAG. - 9788750211259 ; , s. 208-219
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization and climate change are central challenges for urban development today, why a need for substantial innovation, e.g. systemic innovation, can be identified. The large amount of interdependent actors and their fragmented processes are among the key factors that hamper innovation in the construction industry. Two key actors in the industry, property developers and contractors, can be identified as important when developing innovation, due to their central roles in the construction project process. Therefore, it should be important to make them dedicated towards innovation, i.e. create motivation. This is in line with research on successful innovation development highlighting the importance of commitment and collaboration. A need seems to be present to create motivation towards innovation for key actors in the industry. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to explore how motivation of key actors can influence development for systemic innovation in the construction industry. To explore this, a case study of the urban development project Stockholm Royal Seaport and its developed building logistic center was analyzed, adopting a model for receptive change context. Tentative findings suggest that actors' motivation for innovation is important for the development. Developers' possibility to influence through procurement strategies, to increase awareness and collaboration, can be used to create motivation for contractors.
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| 3. |
- Karrbom Gustavsson, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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A program perspective on partnering as supply chain integration
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th Nordic Conference on Construction Economics and Organization. - Lyngby : Polyteknisk Boghandel og Forlag. - 9788750211259
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major complex urban development projects are challenging and put pressure on coordination, cooperation and integration between a multitude of various interdependent construction projects and supply chains. While prior studies on supply chain integration mostly concern continuous exchanges in manufacturing industries, there is less research on discontinuous exchanges in project-based supply chains. This knowledge gap has resulted in an increased interest for partnering as supply chain integration in project-based supply chains and there is a conceptual and practical framework developed for understanding partnering as a multidimensional construct including four dimensions of supply chain integration: strength, scope, duration and depth of integration. This framework is useful for investigating separate projects but fails to acknowledge the program perspective including inter-project coordination and the interdependence between different projects and supply chains in the same program.The purpose of this study is to investigate how SCI may be achieved across projects within the same program. Findings are drawn from a case study of Stockholm Royal Seaport. Each stage of Stockholm Royal Seaport can be studied as a program including a multitude of interdependent and parallel projects performed within a limited timeframe and a limited area. The findings suggest that supply chain integration between projects is as important as within projects and the theoretical implications suggest an additional dimension to the multidimensional partnering framework when taking a program perspective. Partnering as supply chain integration has a width dimension on program management level that is more challenging to manage since formal procurement and contracting mechanisms are put in place mainly at the project level, not the program level.
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| 4. |
- Thunander Sundbom, Lena, 1970-
(författare)
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The influence of gender and depression on drug utilization : Pharmacoepidemiological research in Sweden
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Drug use has increased over recent decades, and is especially great among women and among people with mental health problems. To take advantage of the full potential of drugs and to avoid drug-related problems, drug prescription needs to be correct and the drugs need to be taken according to the prescribed regimens. Research on drug utilization is thus important to the public health.Aim To study the influence of gender and depression on drug utilization, prescription of drugs and self-reported use of drugs, i.e. adherence.Methods The thesis included two population-based questionnaires and data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (SPDR) covering Swedish citizens 18-84 years. The questionnaire in Study I and II included items on prescription drug use and adherence to treatment regimens; Study II also included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for self-estimation of anxiety/depression. The questionnaire in Study III included the HADS and data from the SPDR on prescribed antidepressants. Study IV included data from the SPDR on all types of prescribed drugs.Results Men and women differed in non-adherent behaviours and reasons for non-adherence, for example, men were more likely to report forgetting to take the drug, while women were more likely to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as a reason for non-adherence. Further, both anxiety and depression were associated with non-adherence and with ADRs as a reason for non-adherence. In addition, men reported depression to a greater extent than women did but used antidepressants to a lesser extent, while women used antidepressants without reporting depression more often than men did, which may be a sign of under-treatment among men and over-treatment among women. Moreover, the associations between antidepressants and other types of drugs differed by gender; they were often specific, or stronger, in women than in men, which may be a sign of a gender difference in comorbidity between depression and other conditions.Conclusions Although the cross-sectional study design prevented confirmation of causality, the thesis found that gender and depression influence both prescription of drugs and adherence, and are thus important to pay attention to in clinical practice as well as research.
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