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- Collinson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Species limits within the genus Melanitta, the scoters
- 2006
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Ingår i: British Birds. - 0007-0335. ; 99, s. 183-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- As part of its reassessment of the taxonomy of birds on the British List, the BOURC Taxonomic Sub-committee has assessed all six recognised taxa of scoters Melanitta against its previously published Species Guidelines (Helbig et al. 2002).We consider that, on the basis of evidence currently available, at least five species should be recognised: Common Scoter M. nigra, Black Scoter M. americana,Velvet Scoter M. fusca,White-winged Scoter M. deglandi and Surf Scoter M. perspicillata.The taxonomic status of the Asian subspecies of White-winged Scoter (stejnegeri) is uncertain, owing to insufficient information on several aspects of its morphology and behaviour. Provisionally, we suggest that it is best treated as conspecific with M. deglandi.
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| 4. |
- Parkin, David T., et al.
(författare)
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The development of guidelines to assist in defining species limits
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Zoologica Sinica. - 0001-7302. ; 52, s. 435-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review describes the reasoning behind the “Guidelines for assessing species rank” developed by the Taxonomic Subcommittee of the British Ornithologists’ Union, and recently published in the Ibis. It sets out criteria for delimiting species taxa based primarily on the Evolutionary Species Concept and General Lineage Concept of Species (Mayden, 1997; de Queiroz, 1999), and secondarily on the Biological Species Concept, Recognition Species Concept and Phylogenetic Species Concept. Procedures and scenarios are canvassed for defining diagnosability and for determining species limits in situations of sympatry, parapatry, allopatry and hybrid zones. The role and significance of DNA sequence data is also addressed.
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| 5. |
- Qu, Yanhua, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular phylogenetic relationship of snow finch complex (genera Montifringilla, Pyrgilauda, and Onychostruthus) from the Tibetan plateau.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 40:1, s. 218-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The snow finch complex (Montifringilla, Pyrgilauda, and Onychostruthus) has its center of distribution on the Tibetan plateau, with six out of seven species in the genera occurring there. Phylogenetic relationships among these six species of three genera have been studied based on DNA sequence data obtained from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the nuclear myoglobin gene. The results support monophyly of the snow finch complex group and three major evolutionary lineages are recognized. The first clade consists of ruficollis, blanfordi, and davidiana. These three taxa are sometimes placed in their own genus, Pyrgilauda, and the DNA data supports this. The three taxa nivalis, henrici, and adamsi have traditionally been placed in the genus Montifringilla, and they group together strongly in the present analysis. The results further suggest that nivalis and adamsi are more closely related to each other than are nivalis and henrici, despite that the latter two are often regarded as conspecific. The third distinct lineage within the snow finch complex consists of taczanowskii, which has been placed its own genus, Onychostruthus. This taxon has a basal position in the phylogenetic tree and is sister to all other snow finches. We estimated that taczanowskii split from the other taxa between 2 and 2.5 mya, i.e., about the time for the most recent uplift of the Tibetan plateau, "the Tibet movement", 3.6-1.7 mya. Cladogenesis within the Montifringilla and Pyrgilauda clades seems to be contemporary with the second phase of "Tibet movement" at 2.5 mya and the third phase at 1.7 mya and "Kunhuang movement" in 1.5-0.6 mya. The dramatic climatic and ecological changes following from the uplift of the Tibetan plateau, together with the cyclic contraction and expansion of suitable habitats during the Pleistocene, are probably the most important factors for the cladogenesis in snow finch complex.
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