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- Harrington, Robert A., et al.
(författare)
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The Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction in Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRA.CER) trial : study design and rationale
- 2009
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 158:3, s. 327-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), the main platelet receptor for thrombin, represents a novel target for treatment of arterial thrombosis, and SCH 530348 is an orally active, selective, competitive PAR-1 antagonist. We designed TRA.CER to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SCH 530348 compared with placebo in addition to standard of care in patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and high-risk features. Trial design TRA.CER is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase III trial with an original estimated sample size of 10,000 subjects. Our primary objective is to demonstrate that SCH 530348 in addition to standard of care will reduce the incidence of the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, recurrent ischemia with rehospitalization, and urgent coronary revascularization compared with standard of care alone. Our key secondary objective is to determine whether SCH 530348 will reduce the composite of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke compared with standard of care alone. Secondary objectives related to safety are the composite of moderate and severe GUSTO bleeding and clinically significant TIMI bleeding. The trial will continue until a predetermined minimum number of centrally adjudicated primary and key secondary end point events have occurred and all subjects have participated in the study for at least I year. The TRA.CER trial is part of the large phase III SCH 530348 development program that includes a concomitant evaluation in secondary prevention. Conclusion TRA.CER will define efficacy and safety of the novel platelet PAR-1 inhibitor SCH 530348 in the treatment of high-risk patients with NSTE ACS in the setting of current treatment strategies.
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| 3. |
- Gladys, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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Chemical composition and reactivity of water on clean and oxygen-covered Pd{111}
- 2008
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Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028. ; 602:22, s. 3540-3549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chemical composition and dissociation behaviour of water adsorbed on clean and oxygen pre-covered Pd{111} was studied using high-resolution time-resolved and temperature-programmed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We find that water remains intact at all temperatures up to desorption on the clean surface and at high oxygen coverage(0.69 ML) when a surface oxide is formed. The highest desorption peaks occur at 163 K from the clean surface and at 172 K from the surface oxide. At the intermediate coverage of 0.20 ML oxygen reacts with coadsorbed water at 155 K, to generate a mixed H2O/OH layer exhibiting a (root 3- x root 3)R30 degrees diffraction pattern, which is stable up to 177 K. The measured ratio between intact water and the hydroxyl species in this layer varies between 1.5 and 2 depending on temperature. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Gladys, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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Modifying the adsorption characteristics of water on Ru{0001} with preadsorbed oxygen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 78:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The coadsorption of water and preadsorbed oxygen on Ru{0001) was studied by synchrotron-based high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A dramatic change was observed in the interaction of water with oxygen between low and high oxygen precoverages. Low oxygen coverages below 0.18 ML induce partial dissociation, which leads to an adsorbed layer of H2O and OH. Around half the oxygen atoms take part in this reaction. All OH recombines upon heating to 200 K and desorbs together with H2O. Oxygen coverages between 0.20 and 0.50 ML inhibit dissociation, instead a highly stable intact water species is observed, which desorbs at 220 K. This species is significantly more stable than intact water on the clean surface. The stabilization is most likely due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with neighboring oxygen atoms. For intermediate oxygen coverages around 0.18 ML, the dissociation behavior depends on the preparation conditions, which points toward possible mechanisms and pathways for partial dissociation of water on Ru{0001}.
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| 5. |
- Janzon, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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The Future of Warheads, Armour and Ballistics
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings, 23rd International Symposium on Ballistics, Tarragona, Spain, 2007, ISBN 978-84-7493-379-6.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1983 a “Grand Old Man” of Ballistic Science, Dr. Robert J. Eichelberger, wrote1 : ”Ballistic technology is generally considered a mature technology – as it should be after centuries of intensive attention of some of the finest scientific minds of the world.” He predicted that increased understanding of relevant physics and chemistry and development of mathematical techniques and computer models would be key elements in the future of ballistics and weapon system design. These predictions were very accurate! But to-day’s developments and those of the foreseeable future go beyond this. Warheads and ballistics – interior, exterior and terminal – are very dependent on the use and properties of energetic materials – propellants and explosives – for their functioning. New, potentially very powerful substances such as the N5+ and N5– ions and metallic hydrogen were created in labs. Air-breathing propulsion – ramjets etc. - and efficient use of the high combustion energy of some metals adds to the performance increase potential. Increased use of intelligence, computers, sensors and fuzing in weapons, munitions and armours has added another dimension to the efficiency achievable. New high-performance materials have also meant great increases in effects and protection potential. Developments possible in the next 20 years may have similar effect on warfare as the revolution in weapons, munitions and armour that occurred in the late 19th century. The statement that ”Ballistic technology is generally considered a mature technology” is no longer true. Any nation that will abstain from following the developments closely and exploiting their advances will run the risk both of having weapons, munitions and protection that prove inadequate and of making grave mis-investments.
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