| 1. |
- Hultin, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Oral Rehabilitation of Tooth Loss: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies of OHRQoL
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - : Quintessence. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 25:6, s. 543-552
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to review published quantitative studies for evidence regarding the influence of oral rehabilitation following total or partial tooth loss on self-perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods: Three databases were searched using specified indexing terms. The reference lists of relevant publications were also searched manually. Quality of evidence was classified according to GRADE guidelines as high, moderate, low, or very low. Results: The search yielded 2,138 titles and abstracts, 2,102 of which were of a quantitative study design. Based on pre-established criteria, the full-text versions of 322 articles were obtained. After data extraction and interpretation, 5 publications of high or moderate study quality remained. The results of these 5 studies showed positive effects of oral rehabilitation on OHRQoL. Two studies showed substantial improvements. Conclusions: This is a relatively new field of research; there are very few quantitative studies of how patients perceive OHRQoL following tooth loss and subsequent rehabilitation. While this review indicates that treatment has positive effects on quality of life, the scientific basis is insufficient to support general conclusions about the influence of various interventions on the OHRQoL of patients who have experienced total or partial tooth loss. To achieve a more comprehensive analysis, it is recommended that future studies be based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, ie, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The follow-up period must also be appropriate for the specific intervention studied.
|
|
| 2. |
- Eklund, Patrik, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
From Aristotle to Lotfi
- 2013
-
Ingår i: On Fuzziness. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642356407 ; , s. 147-152
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 3. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Fuzzy terms
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Fuzzy sets and systems (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0165-0114 .- 1872-6801. ; 256, s. 211-235
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we will show how purely categorical constructions of terms are advantageous when investigating situations concerning uncertainty; more specifically where uncertainty comes from and how uncertainty is integrated when dealing with terms over selected signatures. There are basically two ways of invoking uncertainty for terms. On one hand, we may proceed by building composed monads where uncertainty is provided by some suitable monad composed with the traditional term monad. On the other hand, we can provide a strictly formal basis for term monads being created over categories themselves carrying uncertainty. This is the distinction between 'computing with fuzzy' and 'fuzzy computing' and the fundamental question raised by these constructions is where uncertainty resides in language constructions for logic. This paper also shows how the notion of signature often needs to be expanded to levels of signatures, in particular when dealing with type constructors. Such levels allow us to strictly delineate, e.g., primitive operations, type terms, and value level terms. Levels of signature will in this paper be exemplified by the construction of the signature of simply typed lambda calculus.
|
|
| 4. |
- Eklund, Patrik, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Paradigms for many-sorted non-classical substitutions
- 2011
-
Ingår i: 2011 41st IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (ISMVL 2011). - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781457701122 - 9780769544052 ; , s. 318-321
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present three paradigms for non-classical substitution in a many-sorted context. Such an exposition has previously been demonstrated in the unsorted case but its extension is far from trivial. The first paradigm, classical many-sorted substitution taking variables to terms, is traditionally presented in a rather informal and "verbal" manner but we find that a strict categorical formulation is necessary to pave the way for non-classical extensions. The second paradigm provides substitution of variables for many-valued sets of terms and relies heavily on functors and monads over the category of indexed sets. Finally, in the third paradigm, we establish full non-classical substitution of many-valued sets of variables by many-valued sets of terms. The third paradigm has the category of many-valued indexed sets as its underlying category. These paradigms ensures transparency of the underlying categories and also makes a clear distinction between set-theoretic operation in the meta language and operations on sets and many-valued sets as found within respective underlying categories.
|
|
| 5. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards categorical fuzzy logic programming
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Fuzzy Logic and Applications. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783319031996 - 9783319032009 ; , s. 109-121
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we investigate the shift from two-valued to many-valued logic programming, including extensions involving functorial and monadic constructions for sentences building upon terms. We will show that assigning uncertainty is far from trivial, and the place where uncertainty should be used is also not always clear. There are a number of options, including the use of composed monads, and replacing the underlying category for monads with categories capturing uncertainty in a more canonic way. This is indeed important concerning terms and sentences, as classic logic programming, and also predicate logic for that matter, is not all that clear about the distinctive characters of terms and sentences. Classically, they are sets, and in our approach they are categorical objects subject to being transformed e.g. by transformations between functors. Naive set-theoretic approaches, when dealing e.g. with 'sets of sentences' and 'sets of ground atoms', may easily lead to confusion and undesirable constructions if generalizations are performed only as a shift from 'set' to 'fuzzy set'. We present some basic results on how adaptation of a strictly categorical framework enables us to be very precise about the distinction between terms and sentences, where predicates symbols become part of a signature which is kept apart from the signature for terms. Implication will not be included in signatures, but appears integrated into our sentence functors. Doing so we are able to relate propositional logic to predicate logic in a more natural way. Integration of uncertainty then becomes much more transparent. © Springer International Publishing 2013.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Nordenram, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Qualitative studies of patients' perceptions of loss of teeth, the edentulous state and prosthetic rehabilitation: A systematic review with meta-synthesis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 71:3-4, s. 937-951
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To conduct a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies addressing patients' perceptions of loss of teeth, edentulism and oral rehabilitation. Background. Qualitative studies can complement quantitative studies by achieving deep understanding of patients' subjective experiences of losing teeth and coping with edentulism. They can also explore the perception that the benefits of prosthetic rehabilitation extend far beyond primary clinical treatment goals of restoration of oral function. Materials and methods. The major data bases were searched extensively for relevant qualitative and quantitative studies, followed by manual searching of the reference lists of included publications. Two authors independently read all abstracts. Relevant papers were retrieved in full-text and included or excluded according to a specially designed protocol. The included articles were then appraised and rated for quality: high, moderate or low. Articles of low quality were excluded. Results. The database search yielded 36 abstracts of qualitative studies; manual search disclosed one further article. All were read in full-text by two independent authors: 28 were excluded. Of the remaining nine, two (assessed as of low quality) were excluded for further analysis. Meta-synthesis, based on seven studies, disclosed two major themes: loss of quality-of-life associated with losing teeth and restored quality-of-life after oral rehabilitation. Conclusions. In this relatively new field of research, there are few published papers. Nevertheless, the studies to date show that loss of teeth is associated not only with compromised oral function, but also loss of social status and diminished self-esteem. Oral rehabilitation has broad positive implications, restoring quality of life and self-worth.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
