| 1. |
- Simonson, Oscar E., et al.
(författare)
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In Vivo Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Two Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- 2015
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Ingår i: Stem Cells Translational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2157-6564 .- 2157-6580. ; 4:10, s. 1199-1213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been investigated as a treatment for various inflammatory diseases because of their immunomodulatory and reparative properties. However, many basic questions concerning their mechanisms of action after systemic infusion remain unanswered. We performed a detailed analysis of the immunomodulatory properties and proteomic profile of MSCs systemically administered to two patients with severe refractory acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on a compassionate use basis and attempted to correlate these with in vivo anti-inflammatory actions. Both patients received 2 x 10(6) cells per kilogram, and each subsequently improved with resolution of respiratory, hemodynamic, and multiorgan failure. In parallel, a decrease was seen in multiple pulmonary and systemic markers of inflammation, including epithelial apoptosis, alveolar-capillary fluid leakage, and proinflammatory cytokines, microRNAs, and chemokines. In vitro studies of the MSCs demonstrated a broad anti-inflammatory capacity, including suppression of T-cell responses and induction of regulatory phenotypes in T cells, monocytes, and neutrophils. Some of these in vitro potency assessments correlated with, and were relevant to, the observed in vivo actions. These experiences highlight both the mechanistic information that can be gained from clinical experience and the value of correlating in vitro potency assessments with clinical effects. The findings also suggest, but do not prove, a beneficial effect of lung protective strategies using adoptively transferred MSCs in ARDS. Appropriate randomized clinical trials are required to further assess any potential clinical efficacy and investigate the effects on in vivo inflammation. STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015;4:1199-1213
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| 4. |
- Gustafsson, O., et al.
(författare)
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Reversing air-source heat pumps - Noise at defrost initiation and a noise reducing strategy
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Refrigeration. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-7007 .- 1879-2081. ; 62, s. 137-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increasing use of air source heat pumps, noise disturbance can be a barrier for further market growth and acceptance. Both steady state noise level and noise events influence reported noise disturbance. In this study one of the transient noise events was investigated: the noise initiated when the heat pump shifts to defrost mode. The results show that noise from a heat pump at defrost initiation was strongly dependent on the pressure differences in the system at the time of the shift. A reduced pressure difference resulted in a lower noise level. A control strategy that adds an idling time for the heat pump just before the shift of the 4-way valve is therefore suggested. This will have a small negative effect (<3%) on the heat capacity of the heat pump but the effect upon the COP will be negligible. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and International Institute of Refrigeration. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking – Rätt till tillfälligt boende i nordvästkommunerna i Stockholms län
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- FoU Nordväst har under 2018 genomfört benchmarking av hur nordvästkommunerna i Stockholms län utreder och bedömer rätten till tillfälligt boende. Studien kom till efter att Sollentuna konstaterat att de hade högre kostnader för ekonomiskt bistånd per hushåll än många jämförbara kommuner.Studiens syfte är att undersöka och jämföra hur rätten till tillfälligt boende utreds och bedöms, och hur socialsekreterare värderar och resonerar kring vilket ansvar klienterna själva har för sin situation, vad som är akuta situationer, vilka faktorer som gör att tillfälligt boende beviljas och vilket ansvar klienterna själva har med tanke på deras position i samhället och på bostadsmarknaden.
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| 6. |
- Kårekull, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Noise and indoor air quality : HVAC noise characteristics
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Noise from Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in residential buildings have an influence on the residents´ well-being. The characteristics of HVAC noise have been investigated as to recommend typical spectra for the design of a listening test using sound recordings. An HVAC system layout is developed to represent a system in a residential building where variations of the noise spectrum are possible without the use of unrealistic conditions. From a spectrum shape perspective the main parameter of the system is the balance between noise originated from the heat recovery unit and the duct component related noise. The receiving room spectrum is here mainly modified by the use of different silencers close to the heat recovery unit and the balance between the pressure loss of the air terminal device and a nearby damper. Modifications of the heat recovery unit total airflow and the inflow properties to the air terminal device are also investigated. Variations at both low and high frequencies are possible, at a constant total A-weighted sound pressure level, using these system properties.
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| 7. |
- Pedersen, Helle Krogh, et al.
(författare)
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Human gut microbes impact host serum metabolome and insulin sensitivity
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 535:7612, s. 376-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance is a forerunner state of ischaemic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Here we show how the human gut microbiome impacts the serum metabolome and associates with insulin resistance in 277 non-diabetic Danish individuals. The serum metabolome of insulin-resistant individuals is characterized by increased levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which correlate with a gut microbiome that has an enriched biosynthetic potential for BCAAs and is deprived of genes encoding bacterial inward transporters for these amino acids. Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus are identified as the main species driving the association between biosynthesis of BCAAs and insulin resistance, and in mice we demonstrate that P. copri can induce insulin resistance, aggravate glucose intolerance and augment circulating levels of BCAAs. Our findings suggest that microbial targets may have the potential to diminish insulin resistance and reduce the incidence of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.
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