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- Hennings, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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[11C]metomidate positron emission tomography of adrenocortical tumors in correlation with histopathological findings
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 91:4, s. 1410-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Adrenal incidentalomas are common findings necessitating extensive laboratory work-up and repetitive radiological examinations. Positron emission tomography (PET) using (11)C-labeled metomidate (MTO) has previously been described as a tool for specific adrenocortical imaging. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated 212 MTO-PET examinations in 173 patients to identify its role in the management of adrenal tumors. DESIGN: Seventy-five histopathological examinations from 73 patients were retrospectively analyzed. SETTING: All examinations were performed at a referral center. PATIENTS: Patients who were operated or biopsied due to adrenal tumors had histopathological diagnoses of adrenocortical adenoma (n = 26), adrenocortical cancer (ACC; n = 13), adrenocortical hyperplasia (n = 8), pheochromocytoma (n = 6), metastasis (n = 3), and tumors of nonadrenal origin (n = 19). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were statistical analyses and findings while scrutinizing images. The hypothesis that MTO-PET is of value in the management of adrenal tumors, especially incidentaloma, was stated before data collection. RESULTS: Sensitivity was 0.89 and specificity was 0.96 for MTO-PET in proving adrenocortical origin of the lesions. Pheochromocytomas, metastases to the adrenal gland, and nonadrenal masses were all MTO negative. PET measurements using standardized uptake values (SUV) in pathological adrenocortical tissue could differentiate lesions larger than 1-1.5 cm from normal adrenocortical tissue. SUV was higher in aldosterone-hypersecreting adenomas, and the SUV ratio between the tumor and the contralateral gland was significantly higher in all hormonally hypersecreting adenomas as well as in ACC. CONCLUSION: MTO-PET is a specific and sensitive method for diagnosing adrenocortical tumors. MTO-PET is useful in the imaging work-up of adrenal incidentalomas and may be beneficial for the examination of patients with primary aldosteronism or ACC.
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- Ramstedt, Mats, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-border purchase in the Nordic countries
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nordisk Alkohol- og narkotikatidsskrift (NAT). - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 26:2, s. 111-115
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Rönkkö, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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Inside Information 2 − Usability and User Research : Eight years of research and method development cooperation
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is a follow up to the Inside Information – Usability and User Research at UIQ Technology report that was made available in October 2006. The initial report was written from an industrial point of view aimed to market UIQ Technology through the demonstration of the UIQ usability and user research philosophy. UIQ Technology Usability Metrics (UTUM) was important result here. UTUM was considered an extremely cost-effective method for keeping in focus what is important for users and handset makers. It was a tool for guiding development decisions as well as for validating the worthiness of design concepts. The two parts in UTUM was perceived by the company as an innovation in their software development practice. The first part was the relationship to users and attitude to their participation in the design process. The second part was how the company immediately and directly incorporated this usability understanding into the software development process. UTUM, together with other usability methods and results presented in this report, have been produced in an action research manner. Due to the closure of the company, the main author of the 2006 report, and the same researchers who also supported the writing of the initial report, decided to produce a follow-up and closure version of the initial report; as a way to summarize the results from the academic and industrial cooperation. In this updated version, eight years of joint action research and cooperative method development surrounding usability and user research is concluded.
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- Winter, Jeff, et al.
(författare)
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Developing Quality through Measuring Usability--The UTUM Test Package
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a tool for building quality of use into software and the software process, in the form of a test package for mass market devices. It is developed for measuring user experience, which is seen as a more encompassing term than usability. The test package, which is under constant development, is the result of a long term cooperation between industry and academia, and is in use in indutrial development projects. It shows usability through the use of metrics, for efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction, supported by qualitative judgements made by a test leader/usability expert. It gives a clear demonstration of quality, from the customer and end-user point of view. The case presented here, where the test has been performed concurrently in two countries, has been a quality assurance of the test package, which has been found to work efficiently and flexibly in a complex industrial environment, with complicated relationships between customers, partners and end-users.
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- Winter, Jeff, et al.
(författare)
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Reporting Usability Metrics Experiences
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is often claimed that software development is negatively affected by infrequent, incomplete and inconsistent measurements; improving with the help of metrics is an obvious solution. Software testing provides opportunities for measurement that give organizations insight in to processes. Usability testing is part of the testing area, although it is not a commonly addressed area within software engineering, perhaps because of a split between qualitative and quantitative paradigms. We compare a usability testing framework called UTUM with principles for Software Process Improvement, and find areas of close agreement as well as areas where our work illuminates new characteristics. UTUM is found to be a useful vehicle for improvement in software engineering, dealing as it does with both product and process. Our work emphasises the importance of the neglected area of usability testing. Our experience also illustrates how the metrics have been tailored to act as a boundary object between different disciplines.
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- Östman, Pär-Olov, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Direct implant loading in the edentulous maxilla using a bone density-adapted surgical protocol and primary implant stability criteria for inclusion
- 2005
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Ingår i: CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Long healing periods and submerged implant placement are commonly used in the maxilla. This extends the time of oral handicap and makes the use of immediate loading protocols an attractive option. The current clinical literature on direct loading of dental implants in the maxilla is limited. Purpose: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and stability of directly loaded Brånemark System® or Replace Select® Tapered implants (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) after using a modified surgical protocol and inclusion by primary implant stability. In addition, a reference group treated according to a two-stage protocol was used for comparison. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients planned for prosthetic rehabilitation with implant-supported bridges in the edentulous maxilla participated in the study group. The final decision on immediate loading was made after implant placement using insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) as acceptance criteria. All patients were included, and 123 oxidized implants (TiUnite™, Nobel Biocare AB) were placed using a surgical protocol for enhanced primary stability. A screw-retained temporary bridge was delivered within 12 hours and a final bridge within 3 months of implant placement. The patients were monitored through clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations from implant placement to at least 12 months. Marginal bone level was measured at bridge delivery and after 12 months of loading. Additional RFA measurements were made after 6 months of loading. A reference group comprising 20 patients with 120 implants treated according to a two-stage protocol was used for comparison. Results: One (0.8%) of the 123 implants in the study group failed, and no implant was lost in the reference group. The cumulative survival rates after 12 months of loading were thus 99.2% and 100% for immediate and delayed loading protocols, respectively. The marginal bone resorption was 0.78 (SD 0.9) in the study group and 0.91 (SD 1.04) in the reference group. RFA showed a mean value of 62.9 (SD 4.9) implant stability quotient (ISQ) at placement and 64.5 (SD 4.8) ISQ after 6 months for immediately loaded implants (not significant). The corresponding figures for the reference groups were 61.3 (SD 8.8) ISQ and 62.6 (SD 7.0) ISQ (not significant). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at any time point. Conclusion: The use of six to seven implants for immediate loading of a fixed provisional bridge is a viable option for implant treatment of the edentulous maxilla, at least when good primary implant stability can be ensured.
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