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- Gudla, Harish
(författare)
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Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Explore Critical Property Relationships in Polymer Electrolytes : Polarity, Coordination, Ionic transport, Ion-pairing, and Ion-ion Correlations
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- While ion transport in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) has been explored for decades, there still remains controversies about its fundamental properties, often correlated with gaps between experimental and computational studies. Using molecular dynamics simulations to understand the complex transport mechanisms and also to fill these gaps is the main goal of this thesis. This is achieved by critically examining the relationships between different properties in SPE systems: polarity, coordination, ion-pairing, and ion-ion correlations, which highly influence the ionic transport mechanism. Firstly, the relation between polarity, ion-pairing, and ion-ion correlations was explored. The solvent polarity (εp) of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) doped with LiTFSI system is modulated using a charge scaling method. When separating the effects of solvent polarity and glass transition temperature, a maximum in the Li-ion diffusion coefficient with respect to εp is observed. This is attributed to the transitions in the transport mechanisms and an optimal solvating ability of Li-ion at intermediate values of εp. The solvent polarity also plays a critical role in the formation of charge-neutral ion pairs, which is commonly considered detrimental for ionic conductivity. The relation between cation−anion distinct conductivity and the lifetime of ion pairs was thereby examined, where it is found that short-lived ion pairs actually contribute positively to the ionic conductivity. Moreover, the origins of the recently observed negative transference numbers were scrutinized. A strong dependence of the reference frame in the estimation of the transference numbers is found, which explains observed differences between experiments and computations. Secondly, the role of coordination chemistry and its influence on ion transport mechanisms and conduction properties in SPEs was studied. The change in the cation coordination with both polymers and anions was used to study the dominant transport mechanisms at different molecular weights and salt concentrations for PEO and a polyester-based SPE, which shows that essentially very little true hopping occurs in these materials. In this context, the coordination and ionic transport properties of three resemblant carbonyl-coordinating polymers are also investigated: polyketones, polyesters, and polycarbonates. The extra main-chain oxygens for the latter polymers are shown to decrease the electrostatic energy between Li-ion and the carbonyl group, and the cationic transference numbers are thus found to be increasing as the coordination strength decrease.
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| 2. |
- Komp-Leukkunen, Kathrin, et al.
(författare)
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Older Workers in Digitalizing Workplaces : A Systematic Literature Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Social Change. - 2576-5310 .- 2576-5329. ; 12:2, s. 37-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Workplace digitalization created a sea change in work practices and it altered the situation of older workers. Digitalization entails the increased use of digital technologies, such as computers and online services. Older workers often possess limited digital skills, which may put their labor market participation at risk. Previous studies began exploring how older workers fare when their workplaces are digitalizing. However, the research field is still emerging and remains fragmented. This article comprises a systematic literature review that takes inventory of what we currently know about older workers in digitalizing workplaces. It demonstrates that older workers experience the digitalization of their workplaces in various areas, reaching from health monitoring to work arrangements. Interestingly, challenges and opportunities emerge in each area affected. This Janus-faced situation underlines the complexity of consequences, and it raises questions about social inequalities in these consequences. The work environment plays a crucial role in shaping how older workers experience workplace digitalization. It shapes which options for adaptation they have, and to which degree they can act on these options. This circumstance makes workplaces an excellent starting point for interventions. Country-characteristics likewise exert an influence. While characteristics such as retirement regulations are purposefully modified for intervention, other characteristics, such as culture, are not. This circumstance limits governmental options for shaping the situation of older workers in digitalizing workplaces. Future research should further explore the situation of older workers in digitalizing workplaces, paying special attention to the theoretical framework and to developments in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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| 3. |
- Komp-Leukkunen, Kathrin, et al.
(författare)
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Older Workers in Digitalizing Workplaces: A Systematic Literature Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of Aging and Social Change. - Champaign, IL, United States : Common Ground Research Networks. - 2576-5310 .- 2576-5329. ; 12:2, s. 37-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Workplace digitalization created a sea change in work practices and it altered the situation of older workers. Digitalization entails the increased use of digital technologies, such as computers and online services. Older workers often possess limited digital skills, which may put their labor market participation at risk. Previous studies began exploring how older workers fare when their workplaces are digitalizing. However, the research field is still emerging and remains fragmented. This article comprises a systematic literature review that takes inventory of what we currently know about older workers in digitalizing workplaces. It demonstrates that older workers experience the digitalization of their workplaces in various areas, reaching from health monitoring to work arrangements. Interestingly, challenges and opportunities emerge in each area affected. This Janus-faced situation underlines the complexity of consequences, and it raises questions about social inequalities in these consequences. The work environment plays a crucial role in shaping how older workers experience workplace digitalization. It shapes which options for adaptation they have, and to which degree they can act on these options. This circumstance makes workplaces an excellent starting point for interventions. Country-characteristics likewise exert an influence. While characteristics such as retirement regulations are purposefully modified for intervention, other characteristics, such as culture, are not. This circumstance limits governmental options for shaping the situation of older workers in digitalizing workplaces. Future research should further explore the situation of older workers in digitalizing workplaces, paying special attention to the theoretical framework and to developments in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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| 4. |
- Poli, Arianna, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Older Workers’ Experience with Technology-related Changes at Work during the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction - Many (older) workers experienced changes in their working life as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, some of them related to increased use of digital technologies. In this study, we aim at understanding older workers’ degree of affectedness as well as the experience of and satisfaction with technology-related changes at work during the COVID-19pandemic in Sweden.Methods and Materials - Between June 2020 and December 2021, novel data on work during the COVID-19 pandemic was collected via a four-wave online survey (n=2901). Based on such data, which was collected in the Swedish regionÖstergötland, we modeled (a) the overall affectedness with technology-related changes at work in a sub-sample of workers aged 50 years and older, (b) the experience of specific types of technology-related changes at work in the same sub-sample, and (c) the satisfaction with technology-related changes at work in a sub-sample of 357 workers aged 50 years and older who reported to have experienced such changes.Results - Our findings show how the experience with technology-related changes is structured along the lines of age, gender, education, occupation, and job status. Also, the satisfaction with technology-related changes proved to be unequally distributed among older workers with differences also between household and family types.Conclusions - The results have implications for policies and practices to support equal and inclusive late working life in times of digitalisation of work.
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