| 1. |
- Imanishi, T., et al.
(författare)
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Integrative annotation of 21,037 human genes validated by full-length cDNA clones
- 2004
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 2:6, s. 856-875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level. Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following: integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates (1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for non-protein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causing phenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology.
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| 2. |
- Oohashi, T, et al.
(författare)
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Bral1, a brain-specific link protein, colocalizing with the versican V2 isoform at the nodes of Ranvier in developing and adult, mouse central nervous systems
- 2002
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 1044-7431. ; 19:1, s. 43-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bral1, a brain-specific hyaluronan-binding protein, has been cloned recently. To gain insight into the role of Bral1, we generated a specific antibody against this protein. We have examined the detailed localization pattern of Bral1 protein and compared it with that of other members of the lectican proteoglycan family, such as brevican and versican, with which Bral1 is predicted to interact. The immunoreactivity of Bral1 antibody was predominantly observed in myelinated fiber tracts in the adult brain and could be detected at P20 in the white matter of the developing cerebellum, suggesting that expression starts when axonal myelination takes place. Furthermore, immunostaining demonstrated that Bral1 colocalized with the versican V2 isoform at the nodes of Ranvier. The present data suggest that Bral1 may play a pivotal role in the formation of the hyaluronan-associated matrix in the CNS that facilitates neuronal conduction by forming an ion diffusion barrier at the nodes.
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| 3. |
- Jin, Kui-Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Terahertz frequency radiation from Bloch oscillations in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As superlattices
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 68:15: 153315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed a joint theoretical and experimental study to investigate the terahertz radiation from Bloch oscillations in a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As superlattice under the condition that there is no Zener tunneling. The total radiation intensity has been calculated with a semiclassical approach in the low field regime where the Wannier-Stark ladder (WSL) cannot be resolved, and with an exact numerical solution in the high field regime where the WSL is well formed. With an adjustment of the intensity units, without fitting material parameters, the calculated results agree almost perfectly with the measured data given in arbitrary units. Consequently, our work gives convincing evidence that the measured THz radiation is due to the Bloch oscillations.
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| 4. |
- Sekine, N, et al.
(författare)
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Bloch gain in AlGaAs/GaAs semiconductor superlattices
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Modulated Semiconductor Structures (Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures). - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-9477. ; 21:2-4, s. 858-862
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated terahertz (THz) emission due to dynamical electron transport in wide miniband GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As superlattices. By noting that the time-domain THz emission spectroscopy contains the information on the step response of the electron system to the bias electric field, the obtained THz spectra were compared with the high-frequency conductivities predicted for miniband transport. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment strongly supports that the THz gain due to Bloch oscillating electrons persists at least up to 1.7 THz. It was also found that Zener tunneling into the second miniband sets the high-frequency limit of the THz gain for the samples studied here. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Shimada, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Terahertz conductivity and possible Bloch gain in semiconductor superlattices
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 90:4: 046806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated terahertz emission due to dynamical electron transport in wide-miniband GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As superlattices. By noting that the time-domain THz emission spectroscopy inherently measures the step-response of the electron system to the bias electric field, the obtained THz spectra were compared with the high-frequency conductivities predicted for miniband transport. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment strongly supports that the THz gain due to Bloch oscillating electrons persists at least up to 1.7 THz. It was also found that Zener tunneling into the second miniband sets the high-frequency limit to the THz gain for the samples studied here.
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