2. |
- Tugues, Sònia, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic deficiency in plasma protein HRG enhances tumor growth and metastasis by exacerbating immune escape and vessel abnormalization
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is a 75 kDa heparin-binding plasma protein implicated in the regulation of tumor growth and vascularization. In this study, we show that hrg-/- mice challenged with fibrosarcoma or pancreatic carcinomas grow larger tumors with increased metastatic properties. Compared with wild type mice, fibrosarcomas in hrg-/- mice were more hypoxic, necrotic and less perfused, indicating enhanced vessel abnormalization. HRG-deficiency was associated with a suppressed anti-tumor immune response, with both increased infiltration of M2-marker-expressing macrophages and decreased infiltration of dendritic cells and cytotoxic T cells. Analysis of transcript expression in tumor-associated as well as peritoneal macrophages from hrg-/- mice revealed an increased expression of genes associated with a pro-angiogenic and immunoinhibitory phenotype. In accordance, expression arrays performed on HRG-treated peritoneal macrophages showed induction of genes involved in extracellular matrix biology and immune responsiveness. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that macrophages are a direct target of HRG. HRG loss influences macrophage gene regulation, leading to excess stimulation of tumor angiogenesis, suppression of tumor immune response, and increased tumor growth and metastatic spread.
|
|