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- Haines, M M, et al.
(författare)
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The West London Schools Study : the effects of chronic aircraft noise exposure on child health
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 31:8, s. 1385-1386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Previous field studies have indicated that children's cognitive performance is impaired by chronic aircraft noise exposure. However, these studies have not been of sufficient size to account adequately for the role of confounding factors. The objective of this study was to test whether cognitive impairments and stress responses (catecholamines, cortisol and perceived stress) are attributable to aircraft noise exposure after adjustment for school and individual level confounding factors and to examine whether children exposed to high levels of social disadvantage are at greater risk of noise effects. Methods. The cognitive performance and health of 451 children aged 8-11 years, attending 10 schools in high aircraft noise areas (16 h outdoor Leq > 63 dBA) was compared with children attending 10 matched control schools exposed to lower levels of aircraft noise (16 h outdoor Leq < 57 dBA). Results. Noise exposure was associated with impaired reading on difficult items and raised annoyance, after adjustment for age, main language spoken and household deprivation. There was no variation in the size of the noise effects in vulnerable subgroups of children. High levels of noise exposure were not associated with impairments in mean reading score, memory and attention or stress responses. Aircraft noise was weakly associated with hyperactivity and psychological morbidity. Conclusions. Chronic noise exposure is associated with raised noise annoyance in children. The cognitive results indicate that chronic aircraft noise exposure does not always lead to generalized cognitive effects but, rather, more selective cognitive impairments on difficult cognitive tests in children.
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- Hygge, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of some effects of aircraft noise on cognitive performance in schoolchildren
- 2002
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Ingår i: Psychological Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-7976 .- 1467-9280. ; 13:5, s. 469-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Before the opening of the new Munich International Airport and the termination of the old airport, children near both sites were recruited into aircraft-noise groups (aircraft noise at present or pending) and control groups with no aircraft noise (closely matched for socioeconomic status). A total of 326 children (mean age = 10.4 years) took part in three data-collection waves, one before and two after the switch-over of the airports. After the switch, long-term memory and reading were impaired in the noise group at the new airport. and improved in the formerly noise-exposed group at the old airport. Short-term memory also improved in the latter group after the old airport was closed. At the new airport, speech perception was impaired in the newly noise-exposed group. Mediational analyses suggest that poorer reading was not mediated by speech perception, and that impaired recall was in part mediated by reading.
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- Hygge, Staffan
(författare)
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Classroom experiments on the effects of different noise sources and sound levels on long-term recall and recognition in children
- 2003
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0888-4080 .- 1099-0720. ; 17:8, s. 895-914
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 1358 children aged 12-14 years participated in ten noise experiments in their ordinary classrooms and were tested for recall and recognition of a text exactly one week later. Single and combined noise sources were presented for 15 min at 66 dBA L-eq (equivalent noise level). Single source presentations of aircraft and road traffic noise were also presented at 55 dBA L-eq. Data were analysed between subjects since the first within-subjects analysis revealed a noise after-effect or a asymmetric transfer effect. Overall, there was a strong noise effect on recall, and a smaller, but significant effect on recognition. In the single-source studies, aircraft and road traffic noise impaired recall at both noise levels. Train noise and verbal noise did not affect recognition or recall. Some of the pairwise combinations of aircraft noise with train or road traffic, with one or the other as the dominant source, interfered with recall and recognition. Item difficulty, item position and ability did not interact with the noise effect. Arousal, distraction, perceived effort, and perceived difficulty in reading and learning did not mediate the effects on recall and recognition.
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- Hygge, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Noise in nature : Environmental stressor or constraint on restoration?
- 2004
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Ingår i: 28th International Congress of Psychology, Beijing, 2004.
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Some conditions that people would not ordinarily appraise as demanding may constrain restoration when experienced in places sought out for restoration. The constraint of restoration by community noise exemplifies this phenomenon. Community noise regulations assume a moderating effect of context on noise annoyance, in that they impose stricter controls on sound levels in locations and at times normally dedicated to restoration. To further explore the constrained restoration phenomenon, in this paper we review research on reactions to human-produced sounds in natural settings, like parks, which many people particularly value for restoration. We also consider ambient sound qualities that promote restoration
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