| 1. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Negotiating climate change responses : Regional and local perspectives on transport and coastal zone planning in South Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Land use policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 52, s. 297-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Putting climate change policy-integration into practice is challenged by problems of institutional misfit, due to, inter alia, deficient vertical administrative interplay. While most focus within the field of climate change research has targeted the national-local interplay, less is known about the interface of regional and local perspectives.Here, the aim is to study that interface with a specific focus on the relation between regional and local spatial planning actors, through a case-study of transport and coastal zone management in a Swedish municipality. The article is based on interviews (focus group and single in-depth) and official planning documents.The material reveals a tricky planning situation, replete with conflict. In practice, various institutional frameworks, claims and ambitions collide. The attempts to steer the local spatial planning initiatives from the regional level led to conflicts, which in turn seems to have hampered the overall work for climate change management through spatial planning. Furthermore, there are few traces of prospects of a smooth vertical institutional interplay able to support the overall aims related to integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation in spatial planning.
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| 2. |
- Balfors, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Strategisk miljöbedömning för hållbar samhällsplanering : Slutrapport från forskningsprogrammet SPEAK
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Strategisk miljöbedömning är en process som myndigheter och kommuner ska genomföra när de upprättar eller ändrar vissa planer eller program som antas medföra betydande miljöpåverkan. Syftet med en miljöbedömning är att integrera miljöaspekter i planen eller programmet så att en hållbar utveckling främjas.Lagstiftningen om strategisk miljöbedömning har funnits i Sverige i snart 15 år. Men hur fungerar miljöbedömning i planeringen? Det var en av frågorna i forskningsprogrammet SPEAK. Syftet med SPEAK har varit att bidra med kunskap för att stärka miljöbedömningens roll som ett verktyg i samhällsplaneringen för att uppnå miljökvalitetsmålen och främja hållbar utveckling.I Sverige har det saknats en övergripande kartläggning över de planer och miljöbedömningar som genomförts. Därför har SPEAK utvecklat, en för Sverige unik, databas med kommunala planer och tillhörande dokument såsom samrådshandlingar, SEA-dokument och särskilda sammanställningar. Baserat på en analys av miljöbedömningspraktiken har förslag på åtgärder tagits fram för att stärka miljöbedömningen som ett verkningsfullt verktyg i planeringen för hållbar utveckling.
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| 3. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
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Precision resonance energy scans with the PANDA experiment at FAIR : Sensitivity study for width and line shape measurements of the X(3872)
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 55:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarises a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation study for precision resonance energy scan measurements. Apart from the proof of principle for natural width and line shape measurements of very narrow resonances with PANDA, the achievable sensitivities are quantified for the concrete example of the charmonium-like X(3872) state discussed to be exotic, and for a larger parameter space of various assumed signal cross-sections, input widths and luminosity combinations. PANDA is the only experiment that will be able to perform precision resonance energy scans of such narrow states with quantum numbers of spin and parities that differ from JPC=1--.
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| 4. |
- Bennet, Sean, et al.
(författare)
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Global Cytokine Profiles and Association With Clinical Characteristics in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 111:8, s. 1165-1176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Evidence suggests that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have an altered cytokine profile, although it is unclear whether cytokines are linked with symptom severity. We aimed to determine whether global serum and mucosal cytokine profiles differ between IBS patients and healthy subjects and whether cytokines are associated with IBS symptoms. METHODS: Serum from 144 IBS patients and 42 healthy subjects was analyzed for cytokine levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by MSD MULTI-ARRAY. In total, 109 IBS and 36 healthy sigmoid colon biopsies were analyzed for mRNA expression of IL-8, IL-10, TNF, and FOXP3 by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Multivariate discrimination analysis evaluated global cytokine profiles. Rectal sensitivity, oroanal transit time, and psychological and gastrointestinal symptom severity were also assessed. RESULTS: Global cytokine profiles of IBS patients and healthy subjects overlapped, but cytokine levels varied more in IBS patients. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 tended to be increased and levels of IFN-gamma tended to be decreased in IBS patients. Mucosal mRNA expression of IL-10 and FOXP3 tended to be decreased in IBS patients. Within both the full study cohort and IBS patients alone, serum level of TNF was associated with looser stool pattern, while subjects with more widespread somatic symptoms had increased serum levels of IL-6. Although neither IBS bowel habit subgroups nor patients with possible post-infectious IBS were associated with distinct cytokine profiles, a small cluster of IBS patients with comparatively elevated immune markers was identified. CONCLUSIONS: Global cytokine profiles did not discriminate IBS patients from healthy subjects, but cytokine profiles were more varied among IBS patients than among healthy subjects, and a small subgroup of patients with enhanced immune activity was identified. Also, association of inflammatory cytokines with some clinical symptoms suggests that immune activation may be of importance in a subset of IBS patients.
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| 5. |
- Bokrantz, Jon, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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On the Interplay between Platform Concept Development and Production Maintenance
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED. - 2220-4334 .- 2220-4342. ; Vol. 3: Product, Services and Systems Design
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To meet a broad customer-base, platforms can be used to achieve commonality and distinctiveness among a family of products. However, producibility of product variants are typically not ensured until late in the platform development phases. This may lead to increased production disturbances. To understand challenges in ensuring producibility of a product family in the early phases of platform development, this paper adopts the concept of lifecycle meetings to describe the interplay between platform concept development and production maintenance. Based on this description, we reason that to make early and credible cross product-production decisions, production system capabilities ought to be regarded as dynamic rather than static. While static implies as designed, dynamic implies change over time. In this paper, maintenance is regarded as one dynamic aspect of production. This reasoning is supported by a theoretical perspective and an illustrating case from the aerospace industry. The contribution of this paper may form the basis for future research on platform development and the effect of product variety on production systems.
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| 6. |
- Boy, M., et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems at northern high latitudes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 19:3, s. 2015-2061
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic Centre of Excellence CRAICC (Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic Climate), funded by NordForsk in the years 2011-2016, is the largest joint Nordic research and innovation initiative to date, aiming to strengthen research and innovation regarding climate change issues in the Nordic region. CRAICC gathered more than 100 scientists from all Nordic countries in a virtual centre with the objectives of identifying and quantifying the major processes controlling Arctic warming and related feedback mechanisms, outlining strategies to mitigate Arctic warming, and developing Nordic Earth system modelling with a focus on short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs), including natural and anthropogenic aerosols. The outcome of CRAICC is reflected in more than 150 peer-reviewed scientific publications, most of which are in the CRAICC special issue of the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. This paper presents an overview of the main scientific topics investigated in the centre and provides the reader with a state-of-the-art comprehensive summary of what has been achieved in CRAICC with links to the particular publications for further detail. Faced with a vast amount of scientific discovery, we do not claim to completely summarize the results from CRAICC within this paper, but rather concentrate here on the main results which are related to feedback loops in climate change-cryosphere interactions that affect Arctic amplification.
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| 7. |
- Brunnström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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PD-L1 immunohistochemistry in clinical diagnostics of lung cancer : inter-pathologist variability is higher than assay variability
- 2017
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Ingår i: Modern Pathology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0893-3952 .- 1530-0285. ; 30:10, s. 1411-1421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemical staining is used for decision on treatment with programmed cell death 1 and PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. This study aimed to compare the staining properties of tumor cells between the antibody clones 28-8, 22C3, SP142, and SP263 and investigate interrater variation between pathologists to see if these stainings can be safely evaluated in the clinical setting. Using consecutive sections from a tissue microarray with tumor tissue from 55 resected lung cancer cases, staining with five PD-L1 assays (28-8 from two different vendors, 22C3, SP142, and SP263) was performed. Seven pathologists individually evaluated the percentage of positive tumor cells, scoring each sample applying cutoff levels used in clinical studies: < 1% positive tumor cells (score 0), 1-4% (score 1), 5-9% (score 2), 10-24% (score 3), 25-49% (score 4), and > 50% positive tumor cells (score 5). Pairwise analysis of antibody clones showed weighted kappa values in the range of 0.45-0.91 with the highest values for comparisons with 22C3 and 28-8 and the lowest involving SP142. Excluding SP142 resulted in kappa 0.75-0.91. Weighted kappa for interobserver variation between pathologists was 0.71-0.96. Up to 20% of the cases were differently classified as positive or negative by any pathologist compared with consensus score using >= 1% positive tumor cells as cutoff. A significantly better agreement between pathologists was seen using >= 50% as cutoff (0-5% of cases). In conclusion, the concordance between the PD-L1 antibodies 22C3, 28-8 and SP263 is relatively good when evaluating lung cancers and suggests that any one of these assays may be sufficient as basis for decision on treatment with nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and durvalumab. The scoring of the pathologist presents an intrinsic source of error that should be considered especially at low PD-L1 scores.
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| 8. |
- Dahlberg, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Ten years transmission of the new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis in Sweden : prevalence of infections and associated complications
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 94:2, s. 100-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In 2006, a new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis (nvCT) was discovered in Sweden. It has a deletion in the plasmid resulting in failed detection by the single target systems from Abbott and Roche used at that time, whereas the third system used, from Becton Dickinson (BD), detects nvCT. The proportion of nvCT was initially up to 65% in counties using Abbott/Roche systems. This study analysed the proportion of nvCT from 2007 to 2015 in four selected counties and its impact on chlamydia-associated complications.METHODS: C. trachomatis-positive specimens collected from 2007 to 2015 were analysed by a specific PCR to identify nvCT cases. Genotyping was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and ompA sequencing. Ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease records were extracted from the national registers.RESULTS: In total, 5101 C. trachomatis-positive samples were analysed. The nvCT proportion significantly decreased in the two counties using Roche systems, from 56% in 2007 to 6.5% in 2015 (p<0.001). In the two counties using BD systems, a decrease was also seen, from 19% in 2007 to 5.2% in 2015 (p<0.001). Fifteen nvCT cases from 2015 and 102 cases from 2006 to 2009 had identical MLST profiles. Counties using Roche/Abbott systems showed higher mean rates of ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease compared with counties using BD systems.CONCLUSIONS: The nvCT proportion has decreased in all counties and converged to a low prevalence irrespective of previous rates. Genotyping showed that nvCT is clonal and genetically stable. Failing detection only marginally affected complication rates.
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| 9. |
- Ek, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Professioner, makt och samverkan mellan myndigheter : socialtjänstens, skolans och BUP:s arbete med ungdomar som inte går till skolan
- 2017
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Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - Lund : Förbundet för forskning i socialt arbete (FORSA). - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 24:1, s. 59-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- School non-attendence is often a sign of a complex combination of different kinds of problems, which means that these children and young people are often in need of composite help from several different types of professions within various authorities. The purpose of the study was to examine how school authorities, the Social Services and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (BUP) collaborate in their work with young people who do not go to school. The study comprised a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with managerial representatives of the respective authorities. The empirical material consisted of 12 qualitative interviews with heads of units at BUP (5 individuals), section managers from Social Services (3 individuals) and principals from compulsory schools (4 individuals) in three municipalities in western Sweden. According to the results, it seems problematic to manage the positions of power that may arise in collaboration between the parties. A position of power thus implies the right to make a desicion as a profession as well as activities that are related to each other. The right to make a desicion means the mandate to determine which measures should be put in place for the young people and their families. This study also shows that the parties should develop a common knowledge base that is a combination of educational, social and psychiatric perspectives. The common knowledge base can reduce the risk of power imbalance between the parties.
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| 10. |
- Ek, Hans, 1966-
(författare)
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Psykiatriseringen av skolkaren : BUP och det institutionella omhändertagandet av ungdomar som inte går till skolan
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main aim of the thesis was to investigate the nature of as well as critically review the institutional care of young people who do not go to school.The thesis consists of four studies. The first three studies are based on different empirical materials such as electronical journals and administrative patient databases, qualitative interviews with social workers at Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP), and with managerial representatives in School, social services and CAP. The fourth study is mainly theoretical and problematizes the results from the first three studies.The results show several problematic aspects in the institutional care of young truants. When young truants enters CAP, a quick, and sometimes without psychological investigation, categorization is made with psychiatric terminology in the form of a diagnosis, and medicines are prescribed as treatment. Further, social workers, who shall have a systemic approach on family and relationships, seem to embrace a psychiatric diagnostic understanding of the problems. At the same time, it appears that school only has extra resources to help the truants if they have a psychiatric diagnosis. Although the idea of collaboration between different professionals is that several different perspectives should be used, the results shows that CAP's psychiatric perspective dominates.The results of what happens to young people who do not go to school is discussed as an example of a special form of medicalization, in which social difficulties and existential problems are referred to psychiatry. It appears that help for them is completely individualised, by focusing on symptoms and diagnosis. What is not visible in this unilateral individualisation, for example, are organisational and educational problems in school, system problems in the family or among friends or lack of social contacts outside the family. By referring the truant to CAP can therefore miss further social circumstances in their life situation, which can have great importance in whether they attend school or not. Therefore, it is important to problematise this process of referring everything to psychiatry and to ask questions about what situations and events have contributed to this cultural pattern, which means that people's difficulties in life are increasingly being solved with diagnosis and medications.
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