| 1. |
- Pusa, Susanna, 1982-
(författare)
-
Vägen mot implementering av familjecentrerad omvårdnad
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: När människor är inkluderade i varandras liv påverkar en förändring av livssituationen hos en person även de övriga personerna som står den nära. Det innebär att när en person drabbas av ohälsa eller sjukdom påverkas även personens familj. Familjens upplevelse av den situation som uppstår i samband med ohälsa kan dessutom negativt påverka familjemedlemmarnas medvetenhet om familjens tillgängliga styrkor och resurser, vilket i sin tur kan påverka familjers kamp för att återfå och bibehålla hälsa. Traditionellt sett har vården fokuserat på att erbjuda stöd på personnivå, och främst då till patienter. De senaste decennierna har dock en tendens uppmärksammats till ökad förståelse för att hela familjen behöver inkluderas i omvårdnaden. Att anamma ett familjecentrerat förhållningssätt – det vill säga, att se och möta familjen som en enhet och som ett system – har visat sig ha flera fördelar utifrån såväl patient- och familje- som sjuksköterskeperspektiv. Detta har medfört en efterfrågan på forskning om hur familjecentrerad omvårdnad kan läras ut och implementeras i den kliniska hälso- och sjukvården.Syfte: Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att belysa erfarenheter av stöd från distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor till familjer i ordinärt boende, samt att utvärdera implementering av familjecentrerade samtal.Metod: Avhandlingen inkluderar tre studier med kvalitativ design och en studie med mixad-metod design. I delstudie I samlades data in genom tio fokusgruppintervjuer med 36 distriktssköterskor och analyserades sedan med en fenomenologisk hermeneutisk metod. Datainsamlingen för delstudie II bestod av ljudinspelade familjecentrerade samtal med sju familjer, samt sju avslutande brev riktade till familjerna som distriktssköterskorna/sjuksköterskorna skrev efter samtalen med familjerna. Familjesamtalen och breven analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I delstudie III analyserades individuella intervjuer med 21 distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Mixad metod användes i delstudie IV, där kvantitativa data från instrumentet Families’ Importance in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes (FINC-NA) integrerades med kvalitativa data från individuella intervjuer med 14 distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor.Resultat: Resultatet visar att distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor strävar efter att stödja familjer (I, IV) och att familjecentrerad omvårdnad i form av familjecentrerade samtal kan vara ett sätt att stöda familjer att dela med sig av sina upplevelser och känslor både inom familjen och med distriktssköterskan/ sjuksköterskan (II, IV). Det upplevda stödet från såväl familjen som distriktssköterskan/sjuksköterskan ansågs värdefullt för att bättre hantera situationen och framtiden (II). Distriktssköterskorna/sjuksköterskorna uppfattade den webbaserade utbildningen i familjecentrerad omvårdnad inklusive familjecentrerade samtal som överlag funktionell och välanpassad (III). Utbildningen med den påföljande implementeringen beskrevs bidra till ett förändrat förhållningssätt hos dem, där de tänkte och arbetade mer inkluderande och stödjande gentemot familjer, även när de inte utförde familjecentrerade samtal enligt den tänkta strukturen (III, IV). Utvärderingen av implementeringen av de familjecentrerade samtalen visade att införandet av familjecentrerade samtal fortgick även om de inte hade implementerats fullt ut som avsett. Acceptans och lämplighet utvärderades överlag positivt, dock framkom personliga, sociala och organisatoriska hinder, vilka påverkade genomförandet, användningen och metodtroheten (IV).Konklusion: Stöd från distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor till familjer är en omvårdnadshandling som förutsätter medveten omsorg i ett aktivt möte med familjen, där varje enskild person, men även familjen som enhet, behöver beaktas. Detta stöd för familjers hälsa kan ske genom familjecentrerad omvårdnad. En webbaserad utbildning för distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor i familjecentrerad omvårdnad och familjecentrerade samtal utgör ett adekvat steg i processen att implementera detta arbetssätt i den kliniska verksamheten. Sammanfattningsvis bidrar avhandlingen till kunskap om hur stödjande familjecentrerade samtal kan implementeras i klinisk verksamhet och vilka aspekter som kan påverka detta.
|
|
| 2. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ahmadi, Shilan Seyed, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of liraglutide on anthropometric measurements, sagittal abdominal diameter and adiponectin levels in people with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections: evaluations from a randomized trial (MDI-liraglutide study 5)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Obesity Science and Practice. - : Wiley. - 2055-2238. ; 5:2, s. 130-140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Use of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide has been shown to reduce weight. Different types of anthropometric measurements can be used to measure adiposity. This study evaluated the effect of liraglutide on sagittal abdominal diameter, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and adiponectin levels in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI). Materials and methods In the multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled MDI-liraglutide trial, 124 individuals with T2D treated with MDI were randomized to either liraglutide or placebo. Basal values of weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter and adiponectin were compared with measurements at 12 and 24 weeks after randomization. Results Baseline-adjusted mean weight loss was 3.8 +/- 2.9 kg greater in liraglutide than placebo-treated individuals (p < 0.0001). Waist circumference was reduced by 2.9 +/- 4.3 cm and 0.2 +/- 3.6 cm in the liraglutide and placebo groups, respectively, after 24 weeks (baseline-adjusted mean difference: 2.6 +/- 4.0 cm, p = 0.0005). Corresponding reductions in sagittal abdominal diameter were 1.1 +/- 1.7 cm and 0.0 +/- 1.8 cm (baseline-adjusted mean difference: 1.1 +/- 1.7 cm, p = 0.0008). Hip circumference was reduced in patients randomized to liraglutide (baseline-adjusted mean difference between treatment groups: 2.8 +/- 3.8 cm, p = 0.0001), but there was no significant difference between the groups in either waist-to-hip ratio (baseline-adjusted mean difference: 0.0 +/- 0.04 cm, p = 0.51) or adiponectin levels (baseline-adjusted mean difference: 0.8 +/- 3.3 mg L-1, p = 0.17). Lower HbA1c and mean glucose levels measured by masked continuous glucose monitoring at baseline were associated with greater effects of liraglutide on reductions in waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter. Conclusions In patients with T2D, adding liraglutide to MDI may reduce abdominal and hip obesity to a similar extent, suggesting an effect on both visceral and subcutaneous fat. Liraglutide had greater effects on reducing abdominal obesity in patients with less pronounced long-term hyperglycaemia but did not affect adiponectin levels.
|
|
| 4. |
- Andersson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Materializing “Ruling Relations” : A Case of Gender, Power and Elder Care in Sweden
- 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reflects upon our critical (feminist) design research approach developed in response to the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (Vinnova)’s innovation program on equality. As a pilot of the program, the subject of our research is equality within elder care work, a female-dominated employment sector with particular gender and power dynamics. We have responded to this program and sector by rethinking our research methodologies and critical design research method. Inspired by institutional ethnography and the concept of ‘ruling relations’, our research approach involves critical design to materialize structural inequalities manifested within the everyday micro-practices of care work. Stories and sketches (as ‘material theses’) were generated through qualitative fieldwork involving ‘research through design’ processes to observe, document, explore, interpret, discuss and communicate gendered practices of elder care. Three themes emerged along the way, which articulate ruling relations revealed within elder care work. This research case is reported here along with reflections about the potentials of critical design as a (feminist) research approach capable of more critically interrogating power and positionality within design and innovation. From our perspective, equality as a policy and subject of research – including design research – calls for critical (and feminist) theoretical and methodological development.
|
|
| 5. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Precision resonance energy scans with the PANDA experiment at FAIR : Sensitivity study for width and line shape measurements of the X(3872)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 55:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarises a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation study for precision resonance energy scan measurements. Apart from the proof of principle for natural width and line shape measurements of very narrow resonances with PANDA, the achievable sensitivities are quantified for the concrete example of the charmonium-like X(3872) state discussed to be exotic, and for a larger parameter space of various assumed signal cross-sections, input widths and luminosity combinations. PANDA is the only experiment that will be able to perform precision resonance energy scans of such narrow states with quantum numbers of spin and parities that differ from JPC=1--.
|
|
| 6. |
- Blomberg, Karin, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
Symptoms and self-care strategies during and six months after radiotherapy for prostate cancer : Scoping the perspectives of patients, professionals and literature
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 21, s. 139-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Under-diagnosed and uncontrolled symptoms in patients with prostate cancer during radiotherapy can have a negative impact on the individual's quality of life. An opportunity for patients to report their symptoms systematically, communicate these symptoms to cancer nurses and to receive self-care advice via an application in an Information and Communication Technology-platform could overcome this risk. The content in the application must precisely capture symptoms that are significant to both patients and health care professionals. Therefore, the aim of the study was to map and describe symptoms and self-care strategies identified by patients with prostate cancer undergoing radiotherapy, by health care professionals caring for these patients, and in the literature.Methods: The study combines data from interviews with patients (n ¼ 8) and health care professionals (n ¼ 10) and a scoping review of the literature (n ¼ 26) focusing on the period during and up to 6 months after radiotherapy.Results: There was a concordance between the patients, health care professionals, and the literature on symptoms during and after radiotherapy. Urinary symptoms, bowel problems, pain, sexual problems, fatigue, anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment and irregular symptoms were commonly described during the initial treatment period. Self-care strategies were rarely described in all three of the sources.Conclusions: The results show which symptoms to regularly assess using an Information and Communication Technology-platform for patients with newly-diagnosed prostate cancer during radiotherapy. The next step is to evaluate the efficacy of using the platform and the accuracy of the selected symptoms and self-care advice included in a smartphone application.
|
|
| 7. |
- Blomberg, Karin, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
Work stress among newly graduated nurses in relation to workplace and clinical group supervision
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 24:1, s. 80-87
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate occupational stress among newly graduated nurses in relation to the workplace and clinicla group supervision. Being a newly graduated nurse is particulary stressful. Whar remains unclear is wehter teh workplace and clinical group supervision affect the stress. A cross-sectional comperative study was performed. Data were collected by means of a numerical scale measuring occupational stress, questions about workplace and clinicla group supervision. One hundred and thirteen nusres were included in the study. Conclusions: Newly graduated nurses experience great strss and need support. Nusrse participating in clinical group supervision reported significantly less stress.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bradley, Karin, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Därför är ekonomisk tillväxt en risk
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Dagens samhälle. - : Dagens Samhälle AB. - 1652-6511.
-
Forskningsöversikt (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 9. |
- Collaboration, The PANDA, et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility studies of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors at PANDA at FAIR
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 52:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation results for future measurements of electromagnetic proton form factors at P ¯ ANDA (FAIR) within the PandaRoot software framework are reported. The statistical precision with which the proton form factors can be determined is estimated. The signal channel p¯ p→ e+e- is studied on the basis of two different but consistent procedures. The suppression of the main background channel, i.e.p¯ p→ π+π-, is studied. Furthermore, the background versus signal efficiency, statistical and systematical uncertainties on the extracted proton form factors are evaluated using two different procedures. The results are consistent with those of a previous simulation study using an older, simplified framework. However, a slightly better precision is achieved in the PandaRoot study in a large range of momentum transfer, assuming the nominal beam conditions and detector performance.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dahlberg, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Ten years transmission of the new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis in Sweden : prevalence of infections and associated complications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 94:2, s. 100-104
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In 2006, a new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis (nvCT) was discovered in Sweden. It has a deletion in the plasmid resulting in failed detection by the single target systems from Abbott and Roche used at that time, whereas the third system used, from Becton Dickinson (BD), detects nvCT. The proportion of nvCT was initially up to 65% in counties using Abbott/Roche systems. This study analysed the proportion of nvCT from 2007 to 2015 in four selected counties and its impact on chlamydia-associated complications.METHODS: C. trachomatis-positive specimens collected from 2007 to 2015 were analysed by a specific PCR to identify nvCT cases. Genotyping was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and ompA sequencing. Ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease records were extracted from the national registers.RESULTS: In total, 5101 C. trachomatis-positive samples were analysed. The nvCT proportion significantly decreased in the two counties using Roche systems, from 56% in 2007 to 6.5% in 2015 (p<0.001). In the two counties using BD systems, a decrease was also seen, from 19% in 2007 to 5.2% in 2015 (p<0.001). Fifteen nvCT cases from 2015 and 102 cases from 2006 to 2009 had identical MLST profiles. Counties using Roche/Abbott systems showed higher mean rates of ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease compared with counties using BD systems.CONCLUSIONS: The nvCT proportion has decreased in all counties and converged to a low prevalence irrespective of previous rates. Genotyping showed that nvCT is clonal and genetically stable. Failing detection only marginally affected complication rates.
|
|
