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Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability: Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment (As2016), June 19-23, 2016, Stockholm, Sweden
- 2016
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for research and innovation aimed towards a holistic solution to the problem posed by the environmental toxin arsenic, with considerable societal impact. The congress has focused on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical, agricultural and other specific issues on arsenic across a broader environmental realm. The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" was first organized in Mexico City (As2006) followed by As2008 in Valencia, Spain, As2010 in Tainan, Taiwan, As2012 in Cairns, Australia and As2014 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The 6th International Congress As2016 was held June 19-23, 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden and was entitled Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability.
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| 2. |
- Bhattacharya, Prosun, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Editors’ foreword
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability. - London : CRC Press. - 9781315629438 ; , s. xlv-xlvi, s. xlvii-xlviii
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Bhattacharya, Prosun, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogeochemical contrasts across the multi-level aquifers of Bengal basin in Matlab, Bangladesh : Implications for arsenic free and low-manganese drinking water sources
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability - Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, AS 2016. - : CRC Press/Balkema. ; , s. 45-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Targeting shallow, intermediate-deep and deep aquifers, piezometers nests were installed at 15 locations in the Matlab region, an As hotspot in southeastern Bangladesh. Groundwater levels and water quality were monitored for over a three years period. Stable isotopic composition was used to identify the hydrogeological characteristics of different aquifers, hydraulic connectivity between the contaminated and safe aquifers. Within the shallow depth (up to 100m), two aquifers (Aquifer-1 and Aquifer-2) were identified, and groundwater from Aquifer-1 indicated consistently high As concentration was found to be As-enriched (median As levels upto 714 μg/L). Considerable variability in As concentrations were observed in Aquifer-2 wells (6–30 μg/L) comprising relatively oxidized or less reduced red and off-white sands. The intermediate-deep and deep aquifers were found to contain very low As concentration and these aquifers are hydraulically separated from the shallow aquifers. Groundwater depth and elevation and stable isotope signatures also reflect that intermediate-deep and deep aquifers, in most places belong to the same hydrostratigraphic unit (Aquifer-3).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hossain, Mohammed Mojahidul, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing the capacity of local drillers for installing arsenic-safe drinking water wells—experience from Matlab, Bangladesh
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability - Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, AS 2016. - : CRC Press. ; , s. 630-631
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nearly 90% of the estimated 10 million tubewells in Bangladesh are installed privately by local drillers for rural drinking water supplies in Bangladesh. The awareness of local drillers on elevated Arsenic (As) concentrations in tubewell water at shallow depths have made them change their practice of installation of tubewells. Using the visual color attributes of the shallow sediments (<100 m) and content of dissolved iron, generally associated with high As concentrations, the local drillers presently install community tubewells at depths targeting red/brownish or off-white sediments. This study recognizes the local tubewell drillers as important stakeholder in the business of tubewell installation. A Sediment Color Tool has been developed to enhance the local driller’s capacity to identify the As-safe aquifers that would bring significant change to reduce As exposure and scale-up safe water access in rural Bangladesh.
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| 6. |
- Hossain, Mohammed, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability of arsenic mitigation interventions—an evaluation of different alternative safe drinking water options provided in Matlab, an arsenic hot spot in Bangladesh
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Environmental Science. - : Frontiers Media. - 2296-665X. - 9781138001411 ; 3:30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wide spread occurrence of geogenic arsenic in Bangladesh groundwater drastically reduced the safe water access across the country. Since its discovery in 1993, different mitigation options tested at household and community scale have resulted in limited success. The main challenge is to develop a simple, cost-effective, and socially acceptable option which the users can install, operate and maintain by themselves. In an arsenic hotspot of southeastern Bangladesh, 841 arsenic removal filter (ARF), 190 surface water filter membrane, 23 pond sand filter (PSF), 147 rain water harvester (RWH) and 59 As-safe tubewell were distributed among the severely exposed population by AsMat, a Sida supported project. After 3–4 years of providing these safe water options, this study was carried out during 2009–2010 for performance analysis of these options, in terms of technical viability and effectiveness and thus to evaluate the preference of different options to the end users. Household and community based surveys were done to make an assessment of the current water use pattern as impact of the distributed options, overall condition of the options provided and to identify the reasons why these options are in use and/or abandoned. In total, 284 households were surveyed and information was collected for 23 PSF, 147 RWH, and 59 tubewells. None of the filters was found in use. Among other options distributed, 13% of PSF, 40% RWH, and 93% of tubewell were found functioning. In all cases, tubewells were found As-safe. About 89% of households are currently using tubewell water which was 58% before. Filter was abandoned for high cost and complicated maintenance. The use of RWH and PSF was not found user friendly and ensuring year round water quality is a big challenge. Arsenic-safe tubewell was found as a widely accepted option mainly because of its easy operation and availability of water, good water quality and negligible maintenance. This study validated tubewell as the most feasible drinking water supply option and this evaluation holds significance for planning water supply projects, improving mitigation policy as well as developing awareness among users.
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| 7. |
- Jacks, Gunnar
(författare)
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Drainage in Sweden -the past and new developments
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 69:5, s. 405-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Land drainage in Sweden has been regulated in various laws since the Middle Ages. The lowering of lake surfaces and the ditching of wetlands has been considered a valuable task to gain cultivable land, and more recently, to promote forest growth. However, in recent years the debate surrounding drainage in forests has been a matter of considerable discussion. The dry and hot summer of 2018 has awakened new views on the subject. Monitoring has shown an exceptionally low groundwater levels countrywide. Especially the islands of Öland and Gotland have faced groundwater shortages and the groundwater levels are still low in both small and large aquifers. Drainage within forest land has lacked any scientific basis until rather recently. Still, it has been a supported activity during the twentieth century. However, this has gradually as knowledge on the activity has increased and the ecology of downstream water bodies has been considered. Today, only the rinsing of existing drainage is actively practised, and it is surrounded by a number of recommendations which are still under discussion.
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| 8. |
- Jacks, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Foreword
- 2015
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Ingår i: Safe and Sustainable Use of Arsenic-Contaminated Aquifers in the Gangetic Plain. - Cham : Springer Nature.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Jacks, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Groundwater Memories of Past Climate Change-Examples from India and the Nordic Countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE CHANGE. - : IOS PRESS. - 2395-7611. ; 3:1, s. 49-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last glacial period can be identified in groundwater globally in hydrochemistry and groundwater turnover. To illustrate this, three examples representing very different conditions are presented here, two from India and one from the Nordic countries. The last glacial period resulted in a 125 m lowering of the sea level below present level and the return to the same level within a relatively short geological time span. The low sea water level at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) induced, in combination with variations in the SW monsoon, recharge of coastal aquifers here exemplified by the Tertiary aquifers in Kerala. The sea level lowering before LGM and its rapid subsequent recovery after LGM has caused different sedimentation conditions resulting in more oxidised Pleistocene sediments compared to Holocene sediments. This has affected the redox conditions and resulted in mobilisation of arsenic in groundwater in the Holocene strata notably in the Bengal delta and upstreams in the Ganga valley. In the Nordic countries there was a 2.0-2.5 km high load of ice on the land. The result of the melting is seen in land uplift, which is still active to this day. The connections between the Baltic Sea and the ocean via the North Sea has varied during the postglacial period resulting in brackish and fresh water conditions making their imprint in the hydrochemistry and turnover of the groundwater. A common feature is seen from both regions in the form of the Na-HCO3 type of groundwater formed during fresh water flushing of a formerly saline aquifer. Along some shorelines there are reducing environment similar to those in India but the main manifestation is acid drainage as a result of slow land uplift and drainage for agriculture.
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| 10. |
- Jacks, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility of arsenic in two black shale areas in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability - Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, AS 2016. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9781138029415 ; , s. 127-128
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study compares two black shale areas in Central and Northern Sweden with sulphidic black shales with elevated contents of trace metals and arsenic. In the Precambrian area arsenic is mobilized in wetlands and discharged into drains and streams where it is re-adsorbed onto ferric precipitates. The bottom fauna in streams is only pointwise enriched in arsenic while fish shows little or no accumulation of arsenic. contents. In the Cambrian area the arsenic released by oxidation is found in the soil profiles attached to ferric precipitates. Almost no arsenic is seen in ground- and surface water nor in plants. The reason seems to be differences in topography.
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