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- Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Macrophage Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue is Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum Lipid Levels Independent of Obesity.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-739X .- 1930-7381. ; 21:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Obesity is linked to both increased metabolic disturbances and increased adipose tissue macrophage infiltration. However, whether macrophage infiltration directly influences human metabolism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are obesity-independent links between adipose tissue macrophages and metabolic disturbances. Design and Methods: Expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was analyzed by DNA microarrays in the SOS Sib Pair study and in patients with type 2 diabetes and a BMI-matched healthy control group. Results: The expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was increased in obesity and associated with several metabolic and anthropometric measurements. After adjustment for BMI, the expression remained associated with insulin sensitivity, serum levels of insulin, C-peptide, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and triglycerides. In addition, the expression of most macrophage markers was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. This indicates that adipose tissue macrophages may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
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| 2. |
- Burza, Maria Antonella, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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PNPLA3 I148M (rs738409) genetic variant is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in obese individuals
- 2012
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Ingår i: Digestive and Liver Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1590-8658. ; 44:12, s. 1037-1041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) I148M (rs738409) genetic variant has been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in individuals with chronic alcohol abuse or hepatic viral infection. In the present study we examined the association between the PNPLA3I148M genetic variant and hepatocellular carcinoma in obese individuals from the Swedish Obese Subjects cohort (n=4047). Methods: We performed a matched, prospective, controlled, interventional trial, investigating the effect of bariatric surgery (surgery group) compared to conventional treatment (control group) for obesity. Results: A total of 9 events were observed in the 15-year median follow up (5 in the control group and 4 in the surgery group). A significantly higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in PNPLA3 148M allele carriers was found in obese individuals in the control group (log-rank P-value=0.001), but not in the surgery group (log-rank P-value=0.783). Consistently, an increased risk (for each PNPLA3 148M allele, hazard ratio: 5.9; 95% confidence interval 1.5-23.8; P-value=0.013) of developing hepatocellular carcinoma was observed only in the control group. Conclusion: The current study is the first prospective report showing the association of the PNPLA3I148M genetic variant and hepatocellular carcinoma in severely obese individuals.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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On the design of performance testing methods for active safety systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: 16th International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642296727 ; , s. 187-196
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Performance testing provides an unbiased way of presenting the benefits of active safety systems. However, some issues must be solved before performance testing can be executed for a system targeting a specific traffic scenario. First of all, the selected scenarios must be motivated; second, a suitable driver model shall be selected; and finally, a generic test target shall be defined. All these issues will be addressed in this paper.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Fernström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Achievement of recommended treatment targets for bone and mineral metabolism in haemodialysis patients using paricalcitol : An observational study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 45:3, s. 196-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common problem among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on haemodialysis. This study was conducted to assess the use, effectiveness and safety of intravenous paricalcitol in haemodialysis patients with various degrees of SHPT. Material and methods. This observational, multicentre, prospective study was conducted in 14 Swedish dialysis centres from May 2007 to June 2008 and included 92 haemodialysis patients with a diagnosis of SHPT associated with CKD. The decision to initiate treatment with intravenous paricalcitol was made by the treating physician. No treatment algorithms were provided. Results. Mean patient age was 64 years. Of the 92 patients included, 74 had an intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level of > 300 pg/ml at baseline. Median iPTH was 584 pg/ml in patients with a baseline PTH of > 300 pg/ml. During follow-up there was a decrease in iPTH to 323 pg/ml at 6 months (--45%, p < 0.0001). In parallel, there was a small increase in serum calcium, but serum phosphorus and the calcium xx phosphorus product remained unchanged. Conclusions. This study showed that intravenous paricalcitol substantially and safely decreased iPTH in haemodialysis patients with a baseline iPTH above the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative recommended target range (150--300 pg/ml) and had minimal impact on serum minerals.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Jacobson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Final testing protocols
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is the final document summarizing the inspection and testing protocols of the eVALUE project. It describes principles, inspection protocols and testing protocols for performance testing of ICT-based safety systems. The inspection protocols (published earlier in D2.2) and the testing protocols introduced in D3.1 are replaced by the ones in D3.2. The older versions are obsolete and should be disregarded. The inspection protocols cover the definition of the test vehicle, HMI aspects, environmental conditions, and functional safety. The inspection protocols are used to prepare for the physical tests as well as evaluating the performance of the vehicle. The testing protocols address longitudinal, lateral, and stability-oriented traffic scenarios. The longitudinal scenarios include a pedestrian crossing the road in front of the vehicle, or the situation where a driver approaches a stationary queue of cars. Involuntarily lane departures and cars in the blind spot during a lane change are situations covered by the lateral scenarios. Exiting a highway, avoiding an obstacle, and braking on a partially ice-covered road surface are examples of traffic scenarios related to stability.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jacobson, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Urban and Peri-urban pig farming in developing countries, with a focus on the African continent
- 2014
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Ingår i: SLU-Global Report. ; 2014, s. 50-55
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The World Health Organisation reports a big deficit in the supply of animal protein in developing countries. Pig production in the tropics has been recommended as a likely solution to this deficiency, which also provides important sources of income (Ajala, 2007; Kagira et al., 2010; Lekule & Kyvsgaard, 2003). Pigs have high reproducibility with early maturation and a short generation interval as well as high feed conversion efficiency and comparatively small space requirements. Therefore, in many countries it is a governmental goal to promote pig production (Ajala, 2007; Kagira et al., 2010; Lekule & Kyvsgaard, 2003; Muhanguzi et al., 2012; Mutua et al., 2010).
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