| 1. |
- Tegnell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Study of developed resistance due to antibiotic treatment of coagulase-negative Staphylococci.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Microbial Drug Resistance. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1076-6294 .- 1931-8448. ; 9:1, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are a major cause of postoperative infections. These infections are often associated with foreign material implants and/or a compromised immune system in the patient. Multiresistant strains are increasingly common in the hospital environment and there is concern that the infections will become difficult or impossible to treat. This report is based on a study of 75 patients, with postoperative infections caused by CoNS after thoracic surgery. All patients were treated with surgical revision and antibiotic therapy. One or more bacterial cultures were made in each case, and the resistance pattern of the CoNS found was determined. The goal of the study was to evaluate possible relationships between antibiotic therapy and the appearance of resistance to antibiotics in CoNS found. To describe this relationship, three models were constructed and analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The results indicate an increased resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and clindamycin after the use of cephalosporins. Also, the use of vancomycin or vancomycin in combination with rifampicin or fusidic acid increases the risk for development of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, ciprofloxacin, fusidic acid, clindamycin, netilmycin, and rifampicin. The hypothesis that a combination of antibiotics will curtail the development of resistance was not supported in this study.
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| 2. |
- Artursson, Tom, et al.
(författare)
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Study of Preprocessing Methods for the Determination of Crystalline Phases in Binary Mixtures of Drug Substances by X-ray Powder Diffraction and Multivariate Calibration
- 2000
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Ingår i: Applied Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-7028 .- 1943-3530. ; 54:8, s. 272A-301A
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, various preprocessing methods were tested on data generated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) in order to enhance the partial least-squares (PLS) regression modeling performance. The preprocessing methods examined were 22 different discrete wavelet transforms, Fourier transform, Savitzky-Golay, orthogonal signal correction (OSC), and combinations of wavelet transform and OSC, and Fourier transform and OSC. Root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of an independent test set was used to measure the performance of the various preprocessing methods. The best PLS model was obtained with a wavelet transform (Symmlet 8), which at the same time compressed the data set by a factor of 9.5. With the use of wavelet and X-ray powder diffraction, concentrations of less than 10% of one crystal from could be detected in a binary mixture. The linear range was found to be in the range 10-70% of the crystalline form of phenacetin, although semiquantitative work could be carried out down to a level of approximately 2%. Furthermore, the wavelet-pretreated models were able to handle admixtures and deliberately added noise.
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| 3. |
- Björk, Glenn R, et al.
(författare)
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A primordial tRNA modification required for the evolution of life?
- 2001
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Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : Wiley. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 20:1-2, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolution of reading frame maintenance must have been an early event, and presumably preceded the emergence of the three domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Features evolved early in reading frame maintenance may still exist in present-day organisms. We show that one such feature may be the modified nucleoside 1-methylguanosine (m(1)G37), which prevents frameshifting and is present adjacent to and 3' of the anticodon (position 37) in the same subset of tRNAs from all organisms, including that with the smallest sequenced genome (Mycoplasma genitalium), and organelles. We have identified the genes encoding the enzyme tRNA(m(1)G37)methyltransferase from all three domains. We also show that they are orthologues, and suggest that they originated from a primordial gene. Lack of m(1)G37 severely impairs the growth of a bacterium and a eukaryote to a similar degree. Yeast tRNA(m(1)G37)methyltransferase also synthesizes 1-methylinosine and participates in the formation of the Y-base (yW). Our results suggest that m(1)G37 existed in tRNA before the divergence of the three domains, and that a tRNA(m(1)G37)methyltrans ferase is part of the minimal set of gene products required for life.
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| 4. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Den dubbelbottnade frivilligheten
- 2004
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Ingår i: <em>Den organiserade frivilligheten</em>. - Lund : Liber. - 9147074221 ; , s. 190-209
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Organiserad frivillighet
- 2004
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Ingår i: Den organiserade frivilligheten. - Lund : Liber. - 9147074221 ; , s. 7-21
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Forsblad, J, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis in an elderly population are related to plasma neopterin, NGAL and endothelin-1, but not to Chlamydia pneumoniae serology.
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 1827-1839. ; 21:2, s. 173-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Inflammatory mediators secreted by leukocytes are implicated in atherogenesis. Chlamydia (C.) pneumoniae infection has been suggested as a trigger of this process. We investigated relationships between C. Pneumoniae serology, inflammatory mediators and symptomatic cardiovascular disease in old age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study at baseline with a prospective 4 year follow-up, intraplatelet cyclic 3'-5'adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic 3'-5'guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR-1) plasma neopterin and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) were analysed together with IgG and IgA antibodies for C. Pneumoniae in an elderly reference population (n=140, median age 71 years, 71 females). Twenty-one subjects had clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease at baseline and another 21 were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease during follow-up. RESULTS: In age adjusted logistic regression, subjects with cardiovascular disease showed higher plasma levels of neopterin (p=0.02), NGAL (p=0.04), and ET-1 (p<0.01). If subjects with cardiovascular disease at baseline were excluded from the analysis, higher plasma neopterin (p=0.01) and lower serum HDL cholesterol (p=0.03) predicted cardiovascular disease during follow-up. The presence of IgG or IgA against C. pneumoniae was not associated with cardiovascular disease. Neither were there any associations between inflammatory or endothelial parameters and C. pneumoniae serology. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory mediators neopterin and NGAL and endothelial derived vasoconstrictive ET-1 were increased in elderly subjects with symptomatic cardiovascular disease. Increased plasma neopterin predicted cardiovascular disease during follow-up. No relationships were found between C. Pneumoniae serology and cardiovascular disease.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jacobsson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Coordinating work in Swedish schools
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Educational Administration. ; 39:2, s. 147-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Reports on research looking at how employees in schools choose to coordinate their work and the consequences of this choice; explores the relative importance of different ways of coordinating work, and the link between the method of working and burnout symptoms among teachers in a Swedish municipally administered school district comprising of 30 schools, and 1,129 teachers (provides table giving sample data). Describes the system of schooling in Sweden and the transition from solitary work to cooperation between teachers; identifies the different coordinating strategies; outlines the use of a questionnaire consisting of 82 questions regarding work experiences and health issues; identifies the use of four measures (co-ordinating strategies, coordinating problems, emotional exhaustion, influence on pupils). Discusses the results demonstrating that schools coordinate mainly by empowering professional autonomy; argues that coordination problems are primarily a failure of the collective and not the individual; identifies a relationship between the co-ordinating strategy and burnout.
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