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- Ericsson, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical validation of a novel automated cell-free DNA screening assay for trisomies 21, 13, and 18 in maternal plasma.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Prenatal diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 39:11, s. 1011-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate clinical performance of a new automated cell-free (cf)DNA assay in maternal plasma screening for trisomies 21, 18, and 13, and to determine fetal sex.Maternal plasma samples from 1200 singleton pregnancies were analyzed with a new non-sequencing cfDNA method, which is based on imaging and counting specific chromosome targets. Reference outcomes were determined by either cytogenetic testing, of amniotic fluid or chorionic villi, or clinical examination of neonates.The samples examined included 158 fetal aneuploidies. Sensitivity was 100% (112/112) for trisomy 21, 89% (32/36) for trisomy 18, and 100% (10/10) for trisomy 13. The respective specificities were 100%, 99.5%, and 99.9%. There were five first pass failures (0.4%), all in unaffected pregnancies. Sex classification was performed on 979 of the samples and 99.6% (975/979) provided a concordant result.The new automated cfDNA assay has high sensitivity and specificity for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and accurate classification of fetal sex, while maintaining a low failure rate. The study demonstrated that cfDNA testing can be simplified and automated to reduce cost and thereby enabling wider population-based screening.
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| 2. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 3. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 4. |
- Bergek, Anna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Technological innovation systems in contexts: Conceptualizing contextual structures and interaction dynamics
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-4224 .- 2210-4232. ; 16, s. 51-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses interactions between technological innovation systems (TIS) and wider "context structures". While TIS studies have always considered various kinds of contextual influences, we suggest that the TIS framework can be further strengthened by a more elaborated conceptualization of TIS context structures and TIS-context interactions. For that purpose, we identify and discuss four especially important types of context structures: technological, sectorial, geographical and political. For each of these, we provide examples of different ways in which context structures can interact with a focal TIS and how our understanding of TIS dynamics is enhanced by considering them explicitly. Lessons for analysts are given and a research agenda is outlined.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Who is willing to stay sick for the collective? : – Individual characteristics, experience, and trust
- 2019
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper deals with the collective action dilemma of antibiotic resistance. Despite the collective threat posed by antibiotic resistance, there are limited incentives for individuals to consider the contribution of their decisions to use antibiotics to the spread of resistance. Drawing on a novel survey of Swedish citizens (n=1,906), we study factors linked to i) willingness to accept a physician’s decision not to prescribe antibiotics and ii) willingness to limit personal use of antibiotics voluntary. In our study, 53 percent of the respondents stated that they would be willing to accept the physician’s decision despite disagreeing with it, and trust in the healthcare sector is significantly associated with acceptance. When it comes to people’s willingness to voluntarily abstain from using antibiotics, a majority stated that they are willing or very willing not to take antibiotics. The variation in willingness is best explained by concerns about antibiotic resistance and experience of antibiotic therapy, especially if a respondent has been denied antibiotics. Generalized trust seems to be unrelated to willingness to abstain, but the perception that other people limit their personal use of antibiotics is linked to respondents’ own willingness to do so. Few of the individual characteristics can explain the variation in that decision.
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| 8. |
- Jacobsson, Staffan, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the European Commission's analytical base for designing instrument mixes in the energy sector: Market failures versus system weaknesses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-6296. ; 33, s. 11-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. To limit global warming to 1.5-2°C, EU needs to eliminate emissions of CO 2 equivalents over the next decades, which necessitates that a range of new technologies develop, mature and diffuse on a massive scale. To create conditions for this, effective instrument mixes have to be designed and implemented. However, the choice of such mixes depends on the analytical rationale for policy intervention. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to scrutinize the analytical base of the EU Commission, contrast it with the work of classical economists and recent innovation scholars, and draw lessons for how effective mixes of policy instruments may be identified. We show that the Commission's focus on market failures, static efficiency and technology neutrality does not cover all possible obstacles and leads it to neglect the centrality of dynamic efficiency and the structural build-up of innovation systems around new technologies.
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| 9. |
- Kern, Jhonnie, et al.
(författare)
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Behovs- och systemanpassat underhåll av godsvagnar
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dagens godstransportsystem på järnväg behöver åtgärdas för att förbättra såväl pålitlighet som punktlighet. Förevarande projekt syftar till att identifiera lösningar som enkelt kan implementeras och där effekter också enkelt kan beskrivas och förutses med avseende på underhåll och service av godsvagnar för morgondagens behov. Det bakomliggande syftet för dessa åtgärder är mer effektiva godstransporter. Tonvikt ligger i detta avseende på behovs- och systemanpassade åtgärder. Projektet syftar närmare till att utreda förutsättningarna för ett behovs- och systemanpassat underhåll av godsvagnar. Under projektets gång har mobila lösningar kring underhåll varit i fokus, varför rapporten riktar in sig på denna typ av underhåll. Trafikverket har bidragit med medel till projektet och utöver dem har Swemaint AB, BS Verkstäder AB och Handelshögskolan vid Göteborgs universitet medverkat i projektet. Föreliggande rapport redovisar resultaten av projektet.
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| 10. |
- Klingberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Weight loss improves disease activity in patients with psoriatic arthritis and obesity: an interventional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Arthritis Res Ther. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundObesity is over-represented in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and associated with higher disease activity, poorer effect of treatment and increased cardiovascular morbidity. Studies on the effects of weight loss are however needed. This study aimed to prospectively study the effects of weight loss treatment with very low energy diet (VLED) on disease activity in patients with PsA (CASPAR criteria) and obesity (body mass index BMI 33kg/m(2)).MethodsVLED (640kcal/day) was taken during 12-16weeks, depending on pre-treatment BMI. Afterwards, an energy-restricted diet was gradually reintroduced. Weight loss treatment was given within a structured framework for support and medical follow-up.Treatment with conventional synthetic and/or biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs was held constant from 3months before, until 6months after baseline.Patients were assessed with BMI, 66/68 joints count, Leeds enthesitis index, psoriasis body surface area (BSA), questionnaires and CRP at baseline, 3 and 6months. Primary outcome was the percentage of patients reaching minimal disease activity (MDA) and secondary outcomes were reaching Psoriatic Arthritis Response Criteria (PsARC) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response criteria.ResultsTotally 41/46 patients completed the study, 63% women, median age 54years (IQR 48-62). At baseline increased BMI was associated with higher disease activity and poorer function.The median weight loss was 18.7kg (IQR 14.6-26.5) or 18.6% (IQR 14.7-26.3) of the baseline weight. A majority of the disease activity parameters improved significantly after weight loss, including 68/66 tender/swollen joints count, CRP, BSA, Leeds enthesitis index, HAQ and patient VAS for global health, pain and fatigue. A larger weight loss resulted in more improvement in a dose-response manner. The percentage of patients with MDA increased from 29 to 54%, (p=0.002). PsARC was reached by 46.3%. The ACR 20, 50 and 70 responses were 51.2%, 34.1% and 7.3% respectively.ConclusionsShort-term weight loss treatment with VLED was associated with significant positive effects on disease activity in joints, entheses and skin in patients with PsA and obesity. The study supports the hypothesis of obesity as a promotor of disease activity in PsA.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02917434, registered on September 21, 2016retrospectively registered
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